w.c.

cheong 50
TOPIC 7: STATISTICS *bring graph paper & french curve* *paper 2
Mean, Mode & Median of Ungrouped Data
mean,

=
f
x
x
mode = most frequent
median = middle

EXAMPLE 1 :
Find the mode, median and mean for
3, 4, 0, 2, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7

Answer : Mode = 2 ascending order
Median = 3 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Mean ,

=
f
x
x
=
9
7 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 0 + + + + + + + +

= 3.333

EXAMPLE 2 :
Find the mode, median and mean for
2, 3, 2, 2, 6, 8, 9, 3, 2, 3

Answer : Mode = 2 ascending order
Median =
2
3 3 +
2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 6, 8, 9
= 3
Mean ,

=
f
x
x
=
10
9 8 6 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 + + + + + + + + +

= 4
1. Find the mode, median and mean for
4, 5, 0, 2, 2, 1, 5, 5, 3







[Ans : Mode = 5, Median = 3, Mean = 3]
2. Find the mode, median and mean for
52, 60, 70, 55, 56, 56








[Ans : Mode = 56, Median = 56, Mean = 58.167]
3. If the mean of the set of data 4, k, 5, 6, 5, 6 and 4
is 5, where k is a constant, find the mode.






[Ans : Mode = 5]
Mean, Mode & Median of Grouped Data
mean,

=
f
x f
x
mode = using histogram
median =
c
f
F f
L
m (
(
(

+

2
1

L = lower boundary of the median class

f
= total frequency (jumlah kekerapan)
F = cumulative frequency before the median class
c = size of class interval(selang kelas)
f
m
= frequency of the median class
Range(julat) = highest value - lowest value
First quartile, Q
1
=
th
f

4
1
observation
=
1
1
1
4
1
Q
mQ
Q
c
f
F f
L
(
(
(
(

+


Third quartile, Q
3
=
th
f

4
3
observation
=
3
3
3
4
3
Q
mQ
Q
c
f
F f
L
(
(
(
(

+


Interquartile range = Q
3
Q
1
(julat antara kuartil)
EXAMPLE 3 :
Find the mode, median and mean for the data in
the table below.




Answer : Mode = 3 Median =
th
f

2
1
observation
= 20
th
observation
= 3

Mean ,

=
f
x f
x
=
40
107

= 2.675
Score 0 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 2 5 8 17 5 3
Score, x 0 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency, f 2 5 8 17 5 3
=

f
40
fx 0 5 16 51 20 15
=

fx
107
(min) (mod)


(sempadan
bawah)
highest frequency
for class interval
Modal class =

(kuartil pertama)

(kuartil ketiga)
w.c.cheong 51
4. Find the mode, median and mean for the data in
the table below.





















[Ans : Mode = 4, Median = 6, Mean = 7.2]
Score 2 4 6 9 12 13
Frequency 1 3 2 1 2 1
5. The table below shows the scores obtained
by number of children in a game. If the mean
score is 27, calculate the value of p.




















[Ans : p = 3]
Score Frequency
20 5
30 p
40 2
Mode from Histogram
EXAMPLE 4 :
Table 1 shows the frequency distribution of the
scores of a group of pupils in a game.
Score Number of pupils
1 - 10 5
11 - 20 8
21 - 30 12
31 - 40 4
41 - 50 6
51 - 60 5
Table 1
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 10 scores on the
horizontal axis and 2 cm to 2 pupils on the vertical
axis, draw a histogram to represent the frequency
distribution of the scores.
(b) Find the mode score.

Answer : (a)
Score Number of pupils Midpoint
1 - 10 5 5.5
11 - 20 8 15.5
21 - 30 12 25.5
31 - 40 4 35.5
41 - 50 6 45.5
51 - 60 5 55.5




(b) Mode score = 24

w.c.cheong 52
6. Table 2 shows the frequency distribution of the
scores of a group of pupils in a test.
Score Number of pupils
50 - 54 2
55 - 59 3
60 - 64 7
65 - 69 9
70 - 74 4
75 - 79 1
Table 2
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 5 scores on the horizontal
axis and 2 cm to 1 pupils on the vertical axis, draw
a histogram to represent the frequency distribution
of the scores.
(b) Find the mode score.











[Ans : Mode = 66]
7. Table 3 shows the frequency distribution of the
scores of a group of pupils in a game.
Score Number of pupils
65 - 69 2
70 - 74 8
75 - 79 16
80 - 84 12
85 - 89 6
90 - 94 4
95 - 99 2
Table 3
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 5 scores on the horizontal
axis and 2 cm to 2 pupils on the vertical axis, draw a
histogram to represent the frequency distribution of
the scores.
(b) Find the mode score.










[Ans : Mode = 78]
EXAMPLE 5 :
Find the modal class and calculate the median for the data in the table below.
Marks 40 - 45 46 - 51 52 - 57 58 - 63 64 - 69 70 - 75 76 81
Frequency 3 6 8 14 10 5 4
Answer :
Marks Frequency Upper Boundary Cumulative Frequency
40 - 45 3 45.5 3
46 - 51 6 51.5 9
52 - 57 8 57.5 17
58 - 63 14 63.5 31
64 - 69 10 69.5 41
70 - 75 5 75.5 46
76 - 81 4 81.5 50
Modal class = 58 63 Median =
c
f
F f
L
m (
(
(

+

2
1

=
th
f

2
1
observation
= 25
th
observation
=
6
14
17 ) 50 (
2
1
5 . 57
(
(
(

+

= 57.5 + 3.429
= 60.929
L = 57.5

f
= 50
F = 17
c = 63.5 - 57.5 = 6
f
m
= 14
w.c.cheong 53
8. Find the modal class and calculate the median for the data in the table below.
Marks 1 - 15 16 - 30 31 - 45 46 - 60 61 - 75 76 - 90
f 8 11 25 34 16 6




















[Ans : Modal class = 46-60, Median = 48.147]
9. Find the modal class and calculate the median
for the data in the table below.

























[Ans : Modal class = 10-14, Median = 10.75]
Points 0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19
frequency 2 5 8 3
10. The table below shows the marks obtained by
34 students in a SPM trial examination for
Mathematics. Find the modal class and calculate the
median mark.


















[Ans : Modal class = 41-60, Median mark = 55.167]
Marks Number of students
01 - 20 2
21 - 40 4
41 - 60 15
61 - 80 10
81 - 100 3
w.c.cheong 54
Ogive
EXAMPLE 6 :
Table below shows the frequency distribution of the ages of a group of workers in an office.
Age(years) 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 54
Number of workers 2 3 7 14 9 4 1
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 5 years on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to 5 workers on the vertical axis, draw an
ogive to represent the frequency distribution of the ages.
(b) From the ogive, find the
(i) median ages of the workers.
(ii) interquartile range.

Answer :
Age(years) Number of workers Upper Boundary Cumulative Frequency
< 20 0 19.5 0
20 - 24 2 24.5 2
25 - 29 3 29.5 5
30 - 34 7 34.5 12
35 - 39 14 39.5 26
40 - 44 9 44.5 35
45 - 49 4 49.5 39
50 54 1 54.5 40
(a)

(b) (i) Median =
th
f

2
1
observation (ii) Q
3
=
th
f

4
3
observation Q
1
=
th
f

4
1
observation
= 20
th
observation = 30
th
observation = 10
th
observation
= 37.75 = 41.25 = 33.75
Interquartile range = Q
3
Q
1

= 41.25 - 33.75
= 7.5
w.c.cheong 55
11. Table below shows the frequency distribution of the score of a group of students in a game.
Score 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 39
Number of students 2 3 7 12 14 9 3
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 5 score on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to 5 students on the vertical axis, draw an
ogive to represent the frequency distribution of the scores.
(b) From the ogive, find the
(i) median scores of the students.
(ii) interquartile range.

















[Ans : (i) Median scores = 25 (ii) Interquartile range = 9.5]
12. Table below shows the frequency distribution of the score of a group of students in a game.
Score 1 - 10 11 - 20 21 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 70 71 80 81 90 91 100
Number of
students
3 5 7 12 15 19 16 10 8 5
(a) Use the graph paper to answer this question.
Using a scale of 2 cm to 20 scores on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to 10 students on the vertical axis,
draw an ogive to represent the frequency distribution of the scores.
(b) From the ogive, find the
(i) median scores of the students.
(ii) interquartile range.
















[Ans : (i) Median scores = 54.5 (ii) Interquartile range =2 9]
w.c.cheong 56
Measures of Dispersion for Ungrouped Data
Variance,
2
2
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

f
x
f
x
o

Standard deviation, variance = o

EXAMPLE 7 :
22, 20, 26, 25, 28, 30, 38, 35, 45, 40, 32
From the data given above, find the
(a) range (d) mean
(b) median (e) variance
(c) interquartile range (f) standard deviation

Answer : ascending order
20, 22, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 35, 38, 40, 45

Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
(a) range = 45 20 = 25
(b) median = 30
(c) interquartile range = Q
3
Q
1
= 38 25 = 13
(d) mean,

=
f
x f
x

=
11
45 40 38 35 32 30 28 26 25 22 20 + + + + + + + + + +

= 31
(e) variance,
2
2
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

f
x
f
x
o

=
11
45 40 38 35 32 30 28 26 25 22 20
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
+ + + + + + + + + +
-
2
11
45 40 38 35 32 30 28 26 25 22 20
|
.
|

\
| + + + + + + + + + +

= 1017 - 31
2

= 56
(f) standard deviation, variance = o
= 56
= 7.483













13. 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 3, 8, 2, 5, 9
From the data given above, find the
(a) range (d) mean
(b) median (e) variance
(c) interquartile range (f) standard deviation
















































[Ans : (a)Range = 8 (b)Median = 4 (c)Interquartile range =4
(d)Mean = 4.364 (e)Variance = 5.868 (f)Standard deviation = 2.422]


w.c.cheong 57
EXAMPLE 8 :
12, 8, 10, 6, 6, 7, 13, 5, 8, 10, 13, 15
From the data given above, find the
(a) range (d) mean
(b) median (e) variance
(c) interquartile range (f) standard deviation

Answer : ascending order
5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10, 10, 12, 13, 13, 15

Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
(a) range = 15 5 = 10
(b) median =
2
10 8 +
= 9
(c) interquartile range = Q
3
Q
1

=
2
13 12 +

2
7 6 +

= 12.5 6.5
= 6
(d) mean,

=
f
x f
x

=
12
15 13 13 12 10 10 8 8 7 6 6 5 + + + + + + + + + + +

= 9.417
(e) variance,
2
2
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

f
x
f
x
o

=
12
15 13 13 12 10 10 8 8 7 6 6 5
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
+ + + + + + + + + + +
-
2
12
15 13 13 12 10 10 8 8 7 6 6 5
|
.
|

\
| + + + + + + + + + + +

= 117.167 9.417
2

= 28.487
(f) standard deviation, variance = o
= 487 . 28
= 5.337















14. 12, 17, 13, 19, 15, 8, 12, 11
From the data given above, find the
(a) range (d) mean
(b) median (e) variance
(c) interquartile range (f) standard deviation
















































[Ans : (a)Range = 11 (b)Median = 12.5 (c)Interquartile range =4.5
(d)Mean = 13.375 (e)Variance = 10.734 (f)Standard deviation = 3.276]


w.c.cheong 58
Measures of Dispersion for Grouped Data
Variance,
2
2
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

f
fx
f
fx
o

Standard deviation, variance = o

EXAMPLE 9 :
Calculate the interquartile range, mean, variance and the standard deviation for the data.

Class interval 6 - 8 9 - 11 12 - 14 15 - 17 18 - 20
Frequency 3 8 14 11 4

Answer :
Class
interval
Frequency Upper
Boundary
Cumulative
Frequency
< 6 0 5.5 0
6 - 8 3 8.5 3
9 - 11 8 11.5 11
12 - 14 14 14.5 25
15 - 17 11 17.5 36
18 - 20 4 20.5 40
Q
3
=
th
f

4
3
observation Q
1
=
th
f

4
1
observation
= 30
th
observation = 10
th
observation
=
3
3
3
4
3
Q
mQ
Q
c
f
F f
L
(
(
(
(

+

=
1
1
1
4
1
Q
mQ
Q
c
f
F f
L
(
(
(
(

+


=
3
11
25 ) 40 (
4
3
5 . 14
(
(
(
(

+
=
3
8
3 ) 40 (
4
1
5 . 8
(
(
(
(

+

= 14.5 + 1.364 = 8.5 + 2.625
= 15.864 = 11.125

Interquartile range = Q
3
Q
1

= 15.864 11.125
= 4.739

Class
interval
Frequency,
f
Midpoint,
x
fx fx
2
6 - 8 3 7 21 147
9 - 11 8 10 80 800
12 - 14 14 13 182 2366
15 - 17 11 16 176 2816
18 - 20 4 19 76 1444

f
= 40
x f

=
2
x f

=
535 7573


L = 14.5

f
= 40
F = 25
c = 17.5 - 14.5 = 3
f
m
= 11
L = 8.5

f
= 40
F = 3
c = 3
f
m
= 8
Mean,

=
f
x f
x
=
40
535
= 13.375
Variance,
2
2
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

f
fx
f
fx
o

=
40
7573
-
2
40
535
|
.
|

\
|

= 189.325 178.891
= 10.434
Standard deviation, variance = o = 434 . 10 = 3.23
w.c.cheong 59
15. Calculate the interquartile range, mean, variance and the standard deviation for the data.

Class interval 1 - 5 6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 21 - 25
Frequency 3 13 23 9 2

















































[Ans : Mean = 12.4, o
2
= 20.64, o = 4.543]
w.c.cheong 60
16. Calculate the interquartile range, mean, variance and the standard deviation for the data.

Class interval 1 - 3 4 - 6 7 - 9 10 - 12 13 - 15
Frequency 1 3 8 6 2

















































[Ans : Mean = 8.75, o
2
= 8.888, o =2.981]
w.c.cheong 61
17. Calculate the interquartile range, mean, variance and the standard deviation for the data.

Class interval 10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49
Frequency 5 7 5 3
















































[Ans : Mean = 27.5, o
2
= 101, o = 10.05]