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Corrosion protection of crude oil cargo tanks v2 Lloyd's Register August 2012
2. Corrosion in context
The last 20 years have seen rapid developments for shipping in terms of design, building technology and environmental requirements. However, these developments have not always been helpful in reducing corrosion attack on ship structures. Ships are larger and more structurally complex than ever, which leads to large surface areas requiring protection, and difficulties in access for the application, maintenance and inspection of coatings. High tensile steels have been used to reduce scantlings, and the resulting thickness reduction may reduce the life expectancy of ship structures. Double hull tankers have become the norm, and while their design improves the structural integrity for collisions and groundings, they present a significantly increased surface area requiring corrosion protection. Corrosion resistant alloys have been increasingly used, which provide better corrosion resistance than structural ship steels in marine environments or in corrosive cargoes, but also increase the complexity of material coupling consideration, and require special attention to maintenance and suitability for particular cargoes.
Corrosion protection of crude oil cargo tanks v2 Lloyd's Register August 2012
5. Next steps
5.1 Advice to shipyards
If either the coating or corrosion resistant steel option is chosen, the shipyard is to ensure during the pre-contract meeting that an appropriate approved coating system or approved corrosion-resistant steel has been specified in the contract documents. The attending Lloyds Register surveyor will be able to confirm the status of any specified materials.
Corrosion protection of crude oil cargo tanks v2 Lloyd's Register August 2012
The application and installation of the compliant materials must be performed in accordance with IMO regulations. Any outstanding non-compliance related to the coating or corrosion-resistant steel shall be rectified before the vessel can be provided with a SOLAS certificate. Corrosion-resistant steel is specifically manufactured for the upper deck and inner bottom of the cargo tanks, as separate grades of material and subjected to different corrosion tests. Therefore these materials should not be mixed or used for the incorrect area of the cargo oil tank.
Corrosion protection of crude oil cargo tanks v2 Lloyd's Register August 2012
The guidelines for maintenance and repair are: Guidelines on Procedures for In-Service Maintenance and Repair of Coating Systems for Cargo Oil Tanks of Crude Oil Tankers: MSC.1/Circ.1399 The guidelines for administrations on issuing exemptions are: Guidelines on exemptions for crude oil tankers solely engaged in the carriage of cargoes and cargo handling operations not causing corrosion: MSC.1/Circ.1421 Q2. A2. What parts of the ship are required to be protected? The following areas are the minimum to be coated or otherwise protected according to the respective standards (Res MSC.288(87) and Res MSC.289(87)): 1) Deckhead with complete internal structure, including brackets connecting to longitudinal and transverse bulkheads. In tanks with ring frame girder construction the underdeck transverse framing to be protected down to level of the first tripping bracket below the upper faceplate. 2) Longitudinal and transverse bulkheads to be protected to the uppermost means of access level. The uppermost means of access and its supporting brackets to be fully protected. 3) On cargo tank bulkheads without an uppermost means of access the protection to extend to 10% of the tanks height at centreline but need not extend more than 3 m down from the deck. 4) Flat inner bottom and all structure to height of 0.3 m above inner bottom to be protected. Q3. A3. What is IACS doing on this subject? Corrosion resistant steels are similar to the ship steels already described by IACS in UR W11, therefore the welding and weldability requirements are described in IACS UR W17, and the requirements for welding consumables are outlined in UR W28. The full requirements for corrosion-resistant steel will be available in a new IACS Unified Requirement, which is expected to be published during 2012. IACS has issued Recommendation 116, Performance Standard for Protective Coatings for Cargo Oil Tanks of Crude Oil Tankers: 5 years field exposure test in accordance with Res MSC.288(87). This provides an interim solution for the method of carrying out the 5 year field procedure. Q4. A4. Where can testing of coatings be performed? Lloyds Register has started auditing and approving test laboratories for the testing of cargo oil tank coatings in accordance with Res MSC.288(87). Approved laboratories are listed on CDLive and more will be added as the process continues. Which coatings have been approved by Lloyds Register? All approved coatings will be listed on CDLive, indicating the approved locations of manufacture and any compatible primers. How do I find out more? Please contact your local Lloyds Register office.
Q5. A5.
Q6. A6.
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Corrosion protection of crude oil cargo tanks v2 Lloyd's Register August 2012