REASONING & DI

Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHOOOL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
www.afterschool.tk
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Which is valid
assumption?
 STATEMENT: Accourding to me, you
should get your child examined by a
specialist doctor.
 ASSUMPTIONS
3. Specialist doctors are able to diagnose
better than ordinary doctors
4. Specialist doctor will examine your child.

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Answer:

 First assumption give you those facts which

are not given in the statement – but they are
assumed by the speaker. Thus this is valid
assumption.

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Which is valid
assumption?
 Statement: The book is intended to guide
the layman to study yoga in the absence of
a teacher.
 Assumptions:
3. Layman can study this book
4. Yoga can be learnt with the help of this
book.
5. A teacher of yoga may not be available to
everyone.

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Answer:

 All the statements are valid assumptions –

because all the statements are giving facts
which are not given in statement and all
these are assumed by the writers.

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Which is valid
assumption?
 Statement: no unexperienced person could
be employed.
Assumptions
3. No one who could be employed should lack
in experience
4. Only experienced could be employed

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Answer:

 Note: An assumtpion is not restatement of

the original statement. If we just remove not
and state the statement - it cannot be
considered valid assumption. Thus both the
assumptions are invalid assumptions.

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Which are / is valid
assumption?
 Statement:
 Religious instruction leads to a curiosity for
knowledge. So all teaching should be done
in religious spirit.
Assumptions
4. Religious instructions leads to curiosity

5. Curious persons are good persons

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Answers:

 First assumption is repeatition of the facts

given in the statement – thus this is invalid
assumption
 2nd assumption has very long drawn
relationship with the conclusion (statement)
and therefore it is also invalid assumption.
For a valid assumption, the assumption must
be directly related to the conclusion being
drawn.

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Which is / are valid
assumptions?
 Statement: friendship is beneficial.
Assumptions:
3. Enmity is harmful

4. Enmity is not beneficial

5. Friendship is not harmful

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Answers:

 Restatements / modifications / change in

negatives cannot make a valid assumptions.
Thus all the three assumptions are invalid.

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Which is valid assumption?

 The literacy scenario will improve after the

national literacy awarenss drive.
Assumptions :
3. National literacy awareness drive will
improve literacy
4. National awareness drive on literacy is a
good means of improving literacy rate.

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Answer:
 Whenever, we have a relation where we are
comparing two things and we are showing
that one thing will happen consequent upon
another – then there will be a valid
assumption to assume that the first event has
positive relation with the expected outcome –
that is why we are driving the conclusion.
 Thus 2nd assumption is valid assumption – as
it is assuming a positive relation – which is
reason for the conclusion drawn.

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Which is valid assumption?

 Statement: Next meeting of

AFTERSCHOOOL alumni association will
be held next year.
 Statement:
3. AFTERSCHOOOL will remain functioning
for another one year
4. There will be meeting of alumni association
next year.

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ANSWER:

 Mere restatement of facts is invalid

assumption so 2nd is invalid assumption.
 First assumption talks about a fact which has
been omitted by the speaker as assumption
( because the speaker thinks that this need
not be mentioned). Thus first assumption is
valid assumption.

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ABOUT AFTERSCHOOOL

Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class

12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post
Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with
preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is
also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social
entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start
social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the
help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.

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Why such a programme?
 To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and
help develop the society
 To enable people to take up franchising and other
such options to start a business / social
development project
 To enable people to take up social development as
their mission
 To enable people to promote spirituality and positive
thinking in the world

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Who are our supporters?

 Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries,

entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are
supporting us.
 You can also support us – not necessarily by
money – but by being promotor of our
concept and our ideas.

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About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE – the best
programme for developing great
entrepreneurs
 Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme
 Available in distance learning mode
 Case study focused- latest cases
 Industry oriented practical curriculum
 Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just an
employee
 Option to take up part time job – so earn while you
learn
 The only absolutely free course on internet

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Workshops from
AFTERSCHOOOL
 IIF, Delhi
 CIPS, Jaipur
 ICSI Hyderabad Branch
 Gyan Vihar, Jaipur
 Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur
 Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur
 Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar
 Pacific Institute, Udaipur
 Engineering College, Hyderabad

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Flexible Specialisations:
 Spiritualising business and society
 Rural development and transformation
 HRD and Education, Social Development
 NGO and voluntary work
 Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion
 Retail sector, BPO, KPO
 Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA)
 Hospital management and Health care
 Hospitality sector and culture and heritage
 Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social
relevance

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Salient features:
 The only programme of its kind (in the whole world)
 No publicity and low profile course
 For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a degree
 Indepth knowledge and expertise
 Professional approac: World class approach
 Strong intellectual and business capabilities
 Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of the
education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend classes
 Scholarships for those from poor economic background
 Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace with the
time
 Placement for those who are interested
 Admissions open throughout the year
 Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study material

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Components
 Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB
Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad)
 Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development
 Essential softwares for business
 Business plan, Research projects
 Participation in conferences / seminars
 Workshops on leadership, team building etc.
 Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers
 Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs
 Editing of journals / newsletters
 Consultancy / research projects
 Assignments, communication skill workshops
 Participation in conferences and seminars
 Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng
 Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)

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Pedagogy
 Case analysis,
 Articles from Harvard Business Review
 Quiz, seminars, workshops, games,
 Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits
 Presentations, Latest audio-visuals
 Group discussions and group projects
 Periodic self assessment
 Mentoring and counselling
 Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India)
 Rural development / Social welfare projects

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Branches
 AFTERSCHOOOL will shortly open its
branches in important cities in India including
Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other
important cities. Afterschooolians will be
responsible for managing and developing
these branches – and for promoting social
entrepreneurs.

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Case Studies

 We want to write case studies on social

entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs,
ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this
process. Help us to be in touch with
entrepreneurs, so that we may develop
entrepreneurs.

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Basic values at afterschoool
 Share to learn more
 Interact to develop yourself
 Fear is your worst enemy
 Make mistakes to learn
 Study & discuss in a group
 Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support and
help
 Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how &
where?
 Embrace change – and compete with yourself only

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social entrepreneurship for
better society

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