Past MRCS topics April, 2003 1-Functions of the RPE: A-retinal attachment B-synthesis of Bruch's membrane C-scavenging free

radicals D-formation of the photoreceptor's inner segment E-renewal of photoreceptors 2-Corneal Endothelial Cells: A-have phagocytic properties B-are multi-nuclear C-have tight junctions between neighbouring cells D-have a bicarbonate pump E-can maintain clarity even when 50% are lost 3-Regarding the Lens: A-has a high metabolic activity B-is the main source of lactic acid in the aqueous C-has a uniform thickness capsule D-the capsule is derived from the mesenchyme E-has a high sorbitol content in diabetic patients 4-the Medial Palpebral Ligament: A-a part of it is attached to the maxilla B-is continuous with the lacrimal sac's fascia C-lies anterior to the angular vein D-interacts with fibres of orbicularis oculi E-is formed of the aponeurosis of LPS 5-the following processes start to take place before 5 months gestation: A-pigmentation of iris B-formation of dialator pupillae C-formation of the lens placode D-opening of eyelids E-regression of hyaloid artery 6-the Cilioretinal artery: A-is a branch of thr long posterior ciliary artery B-is found in 40% of people C-has a important role in CRAO cases D-forms an anastomosis between retinal and choroidal circulations

E-is affected in giant cell arteritis 7-the following nucleus are located in the pons: A-IV nerve B-VI nerve C-VII nerve D-Edinger-Westphal nucleus E-both salivary nuclei 8-nerves of the orbit: A-the lacrimal nerve passes above the muscle cone B-the nasociliary nerve passes above the cone C-the frontal nerve passes below the orbital roof on the upper aspect of the superior rectus D-the abducent nerve supplies the lateral rectus on it's medial aspect E-the frontal nerve is the largest division of the ophthalmic 9-the blinking reflex: A-its frequency is 20/min B-starts with the contraction of orbicularis oculi C-is more infrequent in blind people D-is important for tear drainage E-absence of the corneal reflex is the first sign of V nerve injury 10-with respect to tears: A-the aqueous layer is 6.5 m thick B-rarely contain IgA C-less than 10% of it is lost through evaporation D-have a diurnal variation in production E-contain urea 11-smooth pursuit tracking movements: A-are voluntary in most cases B-have a latency of 200 msec C-to the right, are under control from the right occipital and parietal cortex D-are relatively faster than saccades movements 12-with respect to pulfriche's phenomenon: A-is an optic illusion B-may be caused by cataract surgery C-may be associated with rubeotic glaucoma

D-can be treated with LASIK 13-regarding choroidal arteries: A-are considered "end" arteries B-have numerous fenesterations within the endothelium C-participate in forming bruch's membrane D-are absent at the fovea E-lobular ischaemia may be present in severe acute hypertension 14-clarity of human cornea: A-is due to low water content B-is dependent on the integrity of the epithelium C-the epithelium and tear film help maintain clarity and hydration state of the cornea D-is also due to uniform thickness of the cornea E-when no epithelium is present, regeneration is achieved by proliferation of conjunctival cells at the limbus

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