TEST Red blood cells count (RBC)

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

NORMAL DESCRIPTION Male: 4.2 - 5.6 M/L Female: 3.8 - 5.1 Carries Hgb M/L Survival time: 120 days Child: 3.5 - 5.0 M/L Male: 14 - 18 g/dL Female: 11 - 16 g/dL The oxygen carrier Child: 10 - 14 g/dL Newborn: 15 - 25 g/dL Male: 39 - 54% Female: 34 - 47% Child: 30 - 42% 78 - 98 fL 81 - 96 mcm3 27 - 35 pg 33 - 36 g/dL Fraction of whole blood that composed of RBCs average volume of the red cells average amount (mass) of hemoglobin per red blood cell measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cell (independent of cell size) Measures degree of variation in size of RBCs (with MCV) Use to differentiate anemia causes

ABNORMAL High:Erythrocytosis or Polycythemia Low:Erythroblastopeni a or Anemia

High: Polycythemia Low: Anemia High:hemoconcentrati on, DHN Low:hemodilution High: macrocytic Low: microcytic High: macrocytic Low: microcytic High: macrocytic; hyperchromic Low: microcytic; hypochromic High: Iron Deficiency Anemia; Anisocytosis; & Mixture of Fe & B12 Deficiency Anemia *B12 Deficiency Anemia normal RDW but high MCV Indicates marrows response to anemia High: anemia or hemolytic anemia Low: vitamin, mineral deficiencies (Fe, Folic acid, or B12); bone marrow depression (malignancies, drug effects); Aplastic & Pernicious Anemia High: leukemia; infection Low: leukopenia; bone marrow depression High: acute infection Low: leukopenia; bone marrow depression

Hematocrit (Hct) or Packed Cell Volume (PCV) Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)

11 - 14.5 %

Amount of immature red blood cells; Reticulocyte count 0.5 - 1.5 % 1% of RBC mass is produced daily to replace 1% of old cells that die

White Blood Cells (WBC)

M: 3.8 - 11.0 K / mm3 F: 3.8 - 11.0 K / mm3 C: 5.0 - 10.0 K / mm3

Complete count; All the white cell types are given as a percentage and as an absolute number per liter. prevention of infection (bacteria & fungi); 6 hrs to few days lifespan

Neutrophils 40 - 75% (polymorphonuclea 2,500 - 7,500/mm3 r cells PMNC)

Lymphocytes

20 - 50% 1,500 - 5,500/mm3

Humoral and cell-mediated response; weeks to years lifespan Fixed or wandering macrophage (phagocytosis); lifespan: hours to days if activated and years if immature Target parasites For allergic reaction; 8 12 days lifespan Contain histamine for allergic reaction

High: bacterial, viral infection Low: immunosuppression High: chronic infection; leukemia Low: immunosuppression High: parasitic infestation; allergic response; leukemia Low: immunosuppression High: allergy; leukemia

Monocytes

1 - 10% 100 - 800/mm3

Eosinophils Basophils (Mast Cell)

0 - 6% 0 - 440/mm3 0 - 2% 0 - 200/mm3

Platelets

150,000 to 400,000/mm3

Fibrinogen

170 - 340 mg/100 mL

D-dimer

0 - 0.5 mcg/mL

Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)

< 10 mcg/mL

High:myeloproliferative disease; thrombocytosis For blood coagulation; 7 to 10 Low: dengue; thrombocytopenia days lifespan * < 20,000 serious * < 10,000 life threatening High: cardiovascular cases Fibrin clot (inactive form) Low: bleeding disorders (DIC); inflammation Measures amount of Negative result: rule fragments of fibrin after lysis; out thromboembolism important test performed in risks patients suspected of Positive (high): high thrombotic disorders. Its main risk, or presence of use is to exclude thrombembolism; thromboembolic disease arthritis where the probability is low. Another byproduct of fibrinolysis; are components of the blood produced by clot High: (> 40 mcg) DIC degeneration. These are produced by the action of Plasmin on deposited fibrin.