Scanstar Inspection Technology Private Limited

Ultrasonic Testing Formulas

Longitudinal Wave Velocity

Where:
VL = E = = = Longitudinal Wave Velocity Modulus of Elasticity Density Poisson's Ratio

Shear Wave Velocity

Where:
Vs = E = = = G = Shear Wave Velocity Modulus of Elasticity Density Poisson's Ratio Shear Modulus

Wavelength

Where:
= V = F = Wavelength Velocity Frequency

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Ultrasonic Testing Formulas
Refraction (Snell's Law)

Where:
= Angle of the Incident Wave R = Angle of the Reflected Wave V1 = Velocity of Incident Wave V2 = Velocity of Reflected Wave

Acoustic Impedance

Where:
Z = = V = Acoustic Impedance Density Velocity

Reflection Coefficient

Where:
R = Reflection Coefficient Z1 = Acoustic Impedance of Medium 1 Z2 = Acoustic Impedance of Medium 2

Near Field

Where:
N = D = = V = Near Field Transducer Diameter Wavelength Velocity

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Ultrasonic Testing Formulas
Beam Spread Half Angle

Where:
D V F = = = = Wavelength Transducer Diameter Velocity Frequency

Decibel (dB) Gain or Loss

Where:
dB = P1 = P2 = Decibel Presure Amplitude 1 Presure Amplitude 2

Angle Beam Probe Calculations

S K IP D IS T A N C E
1 S K IP D IS T A N C E 2

1 2

BP
1 2

BP

1 2

BP

1/2 Skip Distance T x Tan Skip Distance 2T x Tan 1/2 Beam Path T/ Cos Beam Path 2T/ Cos

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Ultrasonic Testing Formulas
Surface Distance Beam Path X Sin Half Skip Depth - Beam Path X Cos Skip Depth { 2T (Beam Path X Cos )}

Where: T Thickness of the Job. Angle of the Probe. BP Beam Path.