NAME : AZIZUL HAKIMI B.

ZULKAFLEE IC NUMBER : 960722-33-5071 CLASS : 5 AL KHAWARIZMI TEACHER : PUAN FAIZATUL FARAH BINTI ZULKIFLI

CONTENT

CONTENT APPRECIATION OBJECTIVES QUESTION 2 PART 1 PART 2 PART 3 FURTHER EXPLORATION REFLECTION

2 3 4 5 6-21 22-30 30-32 33-36 37

2

APPRECIATION

First of all, Grateful to Allah s.w.t for enabling my Additional Mathematics project work Form 5 2013 to be finished successfully. Thanks to my teacher, Puan Faizatul Farah for helping me in the process of completing this project work. Indeed, without the help of her, this project work will certainly very difficult for me to finish in the given time. Next, I want to say thanks to my parents for providing everything that I need for making this project work, such as money, laptop and advised that help me to finished this work. They also supported me to complete this task so that I will not wasting my time with doing unbeneficial work.

Therefore, a lots of thanks to all my friends who always supporting me. We had made some discussion and sharing ideas about the project to ensure the work will finish completely.

Thanks go out to all the employees of Aktif Supermarket, Tong Fat Value Mart and Tunas Manja Supermarket that taking the time to be interviewed by me. Indeed, without the cooperation from them, I sure that this project will not be completed. Thanks to them.

OBJECTIVES

Every student taking Additional Mathematics is required to carry out a project work while they are in Form 5. This year, the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education has prepared two tasks. Students are to choose and complete only one task based on their area of interest. Upon completion of the Additional Mathematic Project Work, it is hoped that students will gain valuable experiences and able to: Apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies to solve routine and non-routine problems, Experience classroom environments which are challenging, interesting and meaningful and hence improve thinking skills, Experience classroom environments where expressing ones mathematical thinking, reasoning and communication are highly encouraged and expected, Acquire effective mathematical communication through oral and writing and to use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas correctly and precisely, Prepare students; for demands of their future undertakings and in workplace, Train students not only to be independent learners but also to collaborate, to cooperate, and to share knowledge in an engaging and healthy environment, Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and effectively, Train students to appreciate the intrinsic values of mathematics and to become more creative and innovative, Realize the importance and beauty of mathematics.

QUESTION 2

BACKGROUND
The prices of goods sold in shops vary from one shop to another. Shoppers tend to buy goods which are reasonably priced, giving value for their money. We, as consumers, should learn to spend wisely and keep our daily expenses to the minimum.

PART 1

PART 1 (A)
Collecting items (food, detergent and stationary)

FOOD

OREO Cookies

AYAMAS Chicken Nugget

Solivite

DETERGENT

BREEZE Detergent

ATTACK Detergent

VANISH Detergent

STATIONARY

UHU Glue Stick

PAPERMATE Correction Fluid

STABILO Highlighter

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PART 1 (B)
Record the items in table
(Table A, Table B & Table C)

11 Category Item Shop A Aktif Supermarket 3.20 Price (RM) Shop B Tong Fat Value Mart 3.50 Shop C Tunas Manja Supermarket 3.00

Food

OREO Cookies

(300 g) AYAMAS Chicken Nugget (850 gm)l Solivite (5x125ml) Total Price

8.55

9.15

8.90

4.10 15.85 Table 1(a)

3.55 16.20

3.59 15.49

Category

Item

Shop A Aktif Supermarket 6.50

Price (RM) Shop B Tong Fat Value Mart 6.20

Shop C Tunas Manja Supermarket 6.90

Detergent

BREEZE Detergent (1000 ml) ATTACK Detergent (1000 ml) VANISH Detergent (800 ml)

7.10

7.50

7.90

21.70 35.30 Table 1(b)

28.50 42.20

25.00 39.80

Total Price

12 Category Item Shop A Aktif Supermarket Price (RM) Shop B Tong Fat Value Mart Shop C Tunas Manja Supermarket

UHU

Stationary

Glue Stick PAPERMATE Correction Fluid STABILO Highlighter

3.99

4.80

3.65

4.20

3.90

4.50

4.30 12.49 Table 1(c)

4.20 12.90

4.60 12.75

Total Price

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PART 1 (C)
Graphical representations

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FOOD CATEGORY

30

25

20

15

Tunas Manja Tong Fat2

10

Aktif

0 OREO COOKIES AYAMAS Chicken Nugget Solivite

15

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OREO Cookies AYAMAS Chicken Nugget Fernleaf Solivite Aktif Supermarket Tong Fat Value Mart Tunas Manja Supermarket

Graph 1(b)

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DETERGENT CATEGORY

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 BREEZE Deterent ATTACk Detergent VANISH Detergent Tunas Manja Supermarket Tong Fat Value Mart Aktif Supermarket

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30

25

20 Aktif Supermarket 15 Tong Fat Value Mart Tunas Manja Supermarket 10

0 BREEZE Detergent ATTACK Detergent VANISH Detergent

Graph 1(a)

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STATIONARY CATEGORY
14 12 10 8 Tunas Manja Supermarket 6 4 2 0 UHU Glue Stick PAPERMATE Correction Fluid STABILO Highlighter Tong Fat Value Mart Aktif Supermarket

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6 5 4 3 2 1 0 UHU Glue Stick PAPERMATE Correction Fluid STABILO Highlighter Aktif Supermarket Tong Fat Value Mart Tunas Manja Supermarket

Graph 1(c)

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e) Based on the graphical representations that I have constructed in Part 1(c), we can see that there are large and small price different among three shops that are Aktif Supermarket, Tong Fat Value Mart and Tunas Manja Supermarket in each category. In the food category, we can see that the largest price difference is the AYAMAS Chicken Nugget while the smallest price different is OREO Cookies. In the detergent category, we can see that a large price different for VANISH Detergent and the small price different for the other two detergent. In the stationary category, a large price different can be seen for UHU Glue Stick while the other two items just show a small price different. Next when we compared the total price for each category, we can see that for food category the highest total price is Tong Fat Value Mart while the lowest total price is Tunas Manja Supermarket. In the detergent category, the highest total price is Tong Fat Value Mart while the lowest total price is Aktif Supermarket. In the last category which is stationary, the highest total price is Tunas Manja Supermarket while the lowest total price is once again Aktif Supermarket. As a conclusion, we as a consumer can see that different shops offer different prices for the same product. So, we must think carefully before buying anything. We are encouraged to compare the prices between any shop before buying anything. The decision is in our hand. So remember to make a right decision.

e) I have identify an item that has a large price difference among the shops. Detergent has a large price difference among the shops. In my opinion the situations occur due to a few relevant reasons. First of all, it is about the location of the shop. The shop located in the big city such as Tong Fat Value Mart sold their goods in higher prices while the other two shops that are located in the sub-city offer a lower price. Secondly, it is about the quality of product. The more quality product will have a higher price. The more you pay , the more quality the detergent you will get.

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PART 2

22

PART 2 (A)
Completing the table

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Every year my school will organizes a carnival to raise fund for school improvement projects. This year my school plans to install CCTV in order to enhance its security. Last year, during the

carnival, my class made and sold nasilemak. Due to the popularity of this local food, my class has decided to carry out the same project for this years carnival. a) I have observed the prices of the given items in making nasilemak for the year 2013. I have recorded it in Table 2. Items (for 10 packets of NasiLemak) For the flavoured rice : Rice I Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal : Red Onion II Garlic Dried Chillies IkanBilis Cooking Oil Miscellaneous : Fried groundnuts III Fried crispy IkanBilis Cucumber 5 Eggs Banana leaves (1 bundle) Quantity Price in the year 2012(RM) 2.70 1.40 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.04 1.00 2.00 0.25 0.50 1.50 0.20 1.50 1.00 Price in the year 2013(RM) 3.40 2.00 0.30 0.25 0.10 0.15 0.10 1.60 2.80 0.60 0.70 2.40 0.50 2.40 1.60

1 kg 150 g 10 g 10 g 2g 10 g 5g 100 g 200 g 100 g 200 g 150 g 200 g 300 g 300 g Table 2

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PART 2 (B)
Calculate the price index

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a) I have calculated the price index for each of the items in Table 2 for the year 2013 based on the year 2012.

By using formula, I

X 100 ,

where Q1 - Price in the year 2013 Q0 -Price in the year 2012 Items (for 10 packets of NasiLemak) For the flavoured rice : Rice Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal : Red Onion Garlic Dried Chillies IkanBilis Cooking Oil Miscellaneous : Fried groundnuts Fried crispy IkanBilis Cucumber 5 Eggs Banana leaves (1 bundle) Total Price Price in the year 2012(RM) 2.70 1.40 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.04 1.00 2.00 0.25 0.50 1.50 0.20 1.50 1.00 12.34 Table 3 Price in the year 2013(RM) 3.40 2.00 0.30 0.25 0.10 0.15 0.10 1.60 2.80 0.60 0.70 2.40 0.50 2.40 1.60 17.30 Price Index

125.926 142.857 200.000 166.667 200.000

300.000 250.000 160.000 140.000 240.000

140.000 160.000 250.000 160.000 160.000 2795.450

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PART 2 (C)
Calculate the composite index

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a) I have calculated the composite index for the cost of a packet of nasilemak in the year 2013 based on the year 2012.

By using formula,

where

- sum of price index times weightage - sum of weightage

We can calculate the composite index for the cost of a packet of nasilemak in the year 2013 based on the year 2012. We use quantity of an item as the weightage. Items (for 10 packets of NasiLemak) For the flavoured rice : Rice Santan Onion Ginger Salt For the Sambal : Red Onion Garlic Dried Chillies IkanBilis Cooking Oil Miscellaneous : Fried groundnuts Fried crispy IkanBilis Cucumber 5 Eggs Banana leaves (1 bundle) Total Price Index , I Weightage , w

125.926 142.857 200.000 166.667 200.000

300.000 250.000 160.000 140.000 240.000

1000 g 150 g 10 g 10 g 2g 10 g 5g 100 g 200 g 100 g 200 g 150 g 200 g 300 g 300 g 2737 g

125926.00 21428.55 2000.00 1666.67 400.00 3000.00 1250.00 16000.00 28000.00 24000.00 28000.00 24000.00 50000.00 48000.00 48000.00 421671.22
28

140.000 160.000 250.000 160.000 160.000 2795.450

PART 2 (D)
Calculate the suitable selling price

29 Referring back to the formula above,

= =

 = 154.06
The answer above is the composite index for the cost of 10 packets of nasilemak, to find the composite index for the cost of a packet of nasilemak, the answer above must be divided by 10. So,

= =15.41
b) In the year 2012, the nasilemak was sold at RM2.00 each. For this year, i suggest we should sell nasilemak at RM2.50 each. It is because the cost of a packets of nasilemak in the year 2013 is higher than the cost in the year 2012. The price of each item in the year 2013 is also higher compared to 2012. In addition, I think that RM2.50 is an affordable price for the student nowadays. So, it will not burn a hole in their pockets.

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PART 3

31

In order to upgrade the security, my school has decided to install closed-circuit TV (CCTV). a) I suggest that my school should install sixteen cameras in order to upgrade the security of my school. Eight cameras should be placed in the hostels compound while the rest can be placed in the academic blocks compound. It is because the cameras can prevent crimes from happening, especially in the hostel. Cases of theft, burglary, truancy, bullying and so on can be prevented from occurring. Teachers also can monitor students more effectively. I also have made a plan of the placement of the cameras.

CAMERA
GUARD

BLOCK BLOCK D BLOCK BLOCK C A B

COMPUTER LAB

CANTEEN

MAIN HALL

BLOCK F

BLOCK E

BLOCK BLOCK D C

BLOCK BLOCK B A

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FURTHER EXPLORATION
Index number is being used in many different daily situations, for example, air pollution index, stock market index, gold index and property index. Price index

A price index ( plural : price indices or price indexes) is a normalized average(typically a weighted average) of prices for a given class of goods or services in a given region, during a given interval of time. It is a statistic designed to help to compare how these prices, taken as a whole, differ between time periods or geographical locations . Price indices have several potential uses. For particularly broad indices, the index can be said to measure the economy's price level or a cost of living. More narrow price indices can help producers with business plans and pricing. Sometimes, they can be useful in helping to guide investment . Some notable price indices include: Consumer price index Producer price index GDP deflator

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History of early price indices

No clear consensus has emerged on who created the first price index. The earliest reported research in this area came from Welshman Rice Vaughan who examined price level change in his 1675 book A Discourse of Coin and Coinage. Vaughan wanted to separate the inflationary impact of the influx of precious metals brought by Spain from the New World from the effect due to currency debasement. Vaughan compared labor statutes from his own time to similar statutes dating back to Edward III. These statutes set wages for certain tasks and provided a good record of the change in wage levels. Vaughan reasoned that the market for basic labor did not fluctuate much with time and that a basic laborers salary would probably buy the same amount of goods in different time periods, so that a laborer's salary acted as a basket of goods.

Vaughan's analysis indicated that price levels in England had risen six to eightfold over the preceding century While Vaughan can be considered a forerunner of price index research, his analysis did not actually involve calculating an index. In 1707 Englishman William Fleetwood created perhaps the first true price index. An Oxford student asked Fleetwood to help show how prices had changed. The student stood to lose his fellowship since a fifteenth century stipulation barred students with annual incomes over five pounds from receiving a fellowship. Fleetwood, who already had an interest in price change, had collected a large amount of price data going back hundreds of years. Fleetwood proposed an index consisting of averaged price relatives and used his methods to show that the value of five pounds had changed greatly over the course of 260years. He argued on behalf of the Oxford students and published his findings anonymously in a volume entitled ChroniconPreciosum.

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I have obtained some information from the internet or other reliable sources on the importance of two difference types of index number of my choice. The first index number is Air Pollution Index The Air Pollution Index (API) is a simple and generalized way to describe the air quality in China, Hong Kong and Malaysia. It is calculated from several sets of air pollution data. In mainland China the API was replaced by an updated Air Quality Index in early 2012. China China's State Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) is responsible for measuring the level of air pollutions in China. As of 28 August 2008, SEPA monitors daily pollution level in 86 of its major cities. The API level is based on the level of 5 atmospheric pollutants, namely sulfur

dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), suspended particulates (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) measured at the monitoring stations throughout each city. API Mechanics An individual score is assigned to the level of each pollutant and the final API is the highest of those 5 scores. The pollutants can be measured quite differently. SO 2, NO2 and PM10 concentration are measured as average per day. CO and O3 are more harmful and are measured as average per hour. The final API value is calculated per day. The scale for each pollutant is non-linear, as is the final API score. Thus an API of 100 does not mean twice the pollution of API at 50, nor does it mean twice as harmful. While an API of 50 from day 1 to 182 and API of 100 from day 183 to 365 do provide an annual average of 75, it does not mean the pollution is acceptable even if the benchmark of 100 is deemed safe. This is because the benchmark is a 24 hour target. The annual average must match against the annual target. It is entirely possible to have safe air every day of the year but still fail the annual pollution benchmark.

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The second index number is Stock market index A stock index or stock market index is a method of measuring the value of a section of the stock market. It is computed from the prices of selected stocks (sometimes a weighted average). It is a tool used by investors and financial managers to describe the market, and to compare the return on specific investments. An index is a mathematical construct, so it may not be invested in directly. But many mutual funds and exchange-traded funds attempt to "track" an index (see index fund), and those funds that do may not be judged against those that do not. Types of indexes [edit]

Stock market indices may be classed in many ways. A 'world' or 'global' stock market index includes (typically large) companies without regard for where they are domiciled or traded. Two examples are MSCI World and S&P Global 100. A 'national' index represents the performance of the stock market of a given nationand by proxy, reflects investor sentiment on the state of its economy. The most regularly quoted market indices are national indices composed of the stocks of large companies listed on a nation's largest stock exchanges, such as the American S&P 500, the Japanese Nikkei 225, the BrazilianIbovespa, the Russian RTSI, the Indian SENSEX and the British FTSE 100. The concept may be extended well beyond an exchange. The Wilshire 5000 Index, the original total market index, represents the stocks of nearly every publicly traded company in the United States, including all U.S. stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange (but not ADRs or limited partnerships), NASDAQ and American Stock Exchange. Russell Investment Group added to the family of indices by launching the Russel Global Index. More specialised indices exist tracking the performance of specific sectors of the market. Some examples include the Wilshire US REIT which tracks more than 80 American real estate investment trusts and the Morgan Stanley Biotech Index which consists of 36 American firms in the biotechnology industry. Other indices may track companies of a certain size, a certain type of management, or even more specialized criteria one index published by Linux Weekly News tracks stocks of companies that sell products and services based on the Linux operating environment.

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REFLECTION
After doing research, I had learned many values and I learned that the usage of index number is important in our daily life . This project work had taught me to be more confident when doing something especially the homework given by the teacher. I also learned to be a disciplined type of student which is always sharp on time while doing some work and researching the information from the internet. Without my teacher, parents, and my friends, I will never have

an effort to finished this project. So, thanks to them for helping me to finished this project successfully.

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