3/4/2013

Road Drainage
Sample Case: Objective: Design the size of the drainage of a rural road Assumptions: a.) velocity = 0.90 m/s b. concrete drainage coefficient of roughness = 0.016
500 Proposed Road Alignment
Location Area (sq.m.) 60,000 12,000 Time of concentration 20 min 10 min Intensity of rainfall (mm/hr) 85 60 Coefficient of run-off 0.75 0.75

Road Drainage
Solution: For Location A A B Time of concentration to point 1 = 20 min, mm/hr or 0.085 m/hr I = 85 1 2 River Using the Rational Method Q=CiA where: Q = design discharge cu.m./ s i = rainfall intensity, mm/hr A = catchment/drainage area, sq. km or sq. m. Q = C i A = 0.75 (0.085) (60,000) Q = 3825 cu.m./hr or 1.063 cu.m./ sec.
Drainage Outfall

A B

A B

Road Drainage
Solution:

Road Drainage
i = 0.06m/hr

Time of concentration from the respective areas A and B to point 2. distance from 1 to 2 = 500m tc (1-2) = d/v = 500 m/ { 0.90 m/s * 60 sec} = 9.26 min tc (A to 2) = 20 min + 9.26 = 29.26 min. tc B = 10 min Therefore use the maximum time of concentration: use t = 29.26 minutes i = 60 mm/hr or 0.06 m/hr

A B 1 2

Q = CiA = 51,600 (0.06) = 3096 cu.m./hr x 1/3600 = 0.86 cu.m./sec

0.70m

Design of Drainage Outfall Use:Trapezoidal Section (Concrete Drainage) n = 0.013, S = slope of drainage = 0.03
0.50m 0.80m 0.30m

Drainage Outfall

Q = V Ad drainage

where: Q = discharge, v = velocity, Ad = area of

CA = 0.75 (60,000) + 0.55 (12,000) = 51,600 sq.m

0.70m

To compute the velocity use Mannings Formula:

0.80m

Road Drainage
R = 048 sq.m./ 1.10 m = 0.44 m
0.30m 0.80m

0.70m

V = 1/n R 2/3 S where: R = hydraulic radius, R = A/P A = area of the drainage section P =wetted perimeter of the drainage section S = slope of the drainage n = coefficient of roughness of drainage P =0.30 + 0.50 + 0.30 = 1.10 m If trapezoidal section: A = (b + b1) h = (0.50 + 0.70) 0.80 = 0.48 sq.m.

Substituting all the value in the Mannings Formula V = 1/0.013 (0.22) 0.67 (0.03) 0.5 = 7.69 m/s

0.30m

0.50m

0.50m

Check the efficiency of the drainage section Q = VA, Q = 0.86 , V = 7.69 A = Q/V = 0.86/7.69 = 0.11 m2 (ok; propose section > design section) If the drainage section is circular, P (wetted perimeter) = D If the drainage section is triangular, P = 2.28h
D

3/4/2013

Road Drainage
If circular drainage is to be consider, Q = 0.86 cu.m./s, v = 7.69 m/s

Road Drainage
Workshop Compute the runoff in each line and design the diameter of the drainage required to drain storm water from the watershed.

Q = V. A 0.86 = (7.69) A 0.86 = 7.69 ( D2 ) /4 Ac = ( D2 ) /4

D=?
Locatio n A B C Area (sq.m.) 6000 x 4000 5000 x 7000 5000 x 8500
Time of concentration

(min) 15 min 20 min 11 min

Rainfall Intensity (mm/hr) 45 65

A B

0.86 = 7.69 (0.79)D2 D = 0.86/ 7.69 (0.79) D = 0.153m. ~ 0.150 m (diameter of the drainage outfall)

outfall
80
500 m 300 m

alignment