UNIVERSIDAD DE CASTILLA-LA MANCHA Prueba de Aptitud para el Acceso a la Universidad (Bachillerato L.O.G.S.E.

) IDIOMA EXTRANJERO: Ingls THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING IN THE ARCTIC Scientists say changes in the Earths climate from human influences are occurring particularly intensely in the Arctic region, evidenced by widespread melting of glaciers, thinning sea ice and rising temperatures. A recent study says the annual average amount of sea ice in the Arctic has decreased by about 8% in the past 30 years, resulting in the loss of an area bigger than Texas and Arizona combined. The most comprehensive study of Arctic warming is based on ice core samples and other evidence of climate conditions such as on-the-ground and satellite measurements of surface air temperature. It predicts that there will be a steady rise in global temperature as a result of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels and other sources. The process is likely to accelerate in the Arctic, a region that provides important resources such as oil, gas and fish. That would harm polar bears, ice-dependent seals, migratory birds, caribou and reindeer herds, as well as local people such as Inuit, whose main food source comes from hunting those animals. Since it takes decades, if not centuries, to reverse warming from carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, some damage is inevitable. However, longer-term impacts could be reduced significantly by cutting emissions globally this century. QUESTIONS I. READING COMPREHENSION. (2 POINTS) (0.5 points for each correct answer) Add TRUE or FALSE and copy the evidence from the text to support your answer. NO marks are given for only true or false. 1. Human influence has no effect on the Arctic region. 1. The amount of sea ice in the Arctic has stayed the same since 1975. 1. Greenhouse gases are directly related to the rise in global temperature. 1. Inuit people exist on a diet of animals such as caribous and reindeer. II. EXPRESSING THE MAIN IDEAS. (1 POINT) (0.5 points for each correct answer) Answer the following questions according to the information given in the text. Where possible, use your own words. 1. Can you mention some examples of the effects of the global climatic change in the Arctic? 1. How long does it take to reverse warming from pollution? III. LEXICON/ PHONETICS. (1 POINT). Choose ONLY ONE of the options. A. LEXICON. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

Find words or phrases in the text that mean the same as these given. (a) Becoming liquid. (a) Based on or calculated over a period of one year. (a) A machine that has been sent into space and goes around the Earth used for electronic communication. (a) Substances such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burnt to produce heat or energy. B. PHONETICS. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

(a) Write two words from the text that have the same diphthong sound as "five" /aI/. (Underline the part of the contains the diphthong) (0.5) (b) Which of the following words has the same vowel sound as "sheep" /i:/? 1. Study, 2. Sea, 3. Bird (0.25) (c) Is the "-s-" pronounced voiced /z/ or voiceless /s/ in "scientists"? (0.25) IV. USE OF ENGLISH. (3 POINTS) (0.5 for each correct answer) Rewrite the following sentences starting with the words given. 1. Sheila is 1.55 m tall. Her brother is 1.70 m tall. Sheila is ................................................................................. 2. Although it was cold, we went to the countryside. In spite of ...................................................................................... 3. The hairdresser cut my hair yesterday morning. I ............................................................................................... 4. This is the man. His dog bit my brother in the park. This is the man................................................................................. 5. I didnt go to the gym yesterday because my foot hurt. If .................................................................................................... 6. The teacher said: You have to hand your papers in at the end of this class. The teacher ..................................................................................... V. COMPOSITION. (3 POINTS) Write a composition of between 100 and 125 words on ONE of the following topics. Specify your option. * * Write about some points that could be made for and against the following statement: Private cars should not be allowed in town centres. Describe an important event you have witnessed in real life or on television.