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Undesired Desired
Power
Signal
GND
PCB capacitance
High current loop
Pulsating current loop
• Place ground or DC voltage layer between power layer and
small signal layer
current
current
PWM IC MOSFET
Coupled AC
current return path
ST LF
ST
SB SW
SW
VIN+ D
CHF
CHF
SB D PGND
ST
LF
CIN CHF
ESRo
PCB SB R
Impedance
Co Vo
- + - + - + Top Layer
Via
impedance
Linear Technology Applications
Step-down Layout Example from LT3481 data sheet
SW
IN
Continue Current
High dv/dt node Pulsating Current
LF SW D
Vo+
Vo
VIN
CIN CHF C
o
SB
Load
PGND
LF SW D LF SB SW
CHF Vo+
SB
CHF
PGND
0.1uF – 10uF
Minimize Ceramic Capacitor
PGND this loop
area
(a) (b)
SW
+ -
C R/C/D/L
+ -
C R/C/D/L
FET
GND D Vo
Vo L2
QB1 QB1 Vin
CHF1
Cout Rsen2
SW1
QT1
Rsen1
L1
Cout
CIN Cout CIN
GND D
GND GND Cout
VIN L2 CHF1 QB1 QB1
Rsen2
QT2 SW1
SW2 QT1
Cout Rsen1
CHF2 QB2 QB2
GND D L1
Internal Internal
GND Layer GND Layer
CIN
VIN
CIN
GND
D2 Cout
SW2
L2
Vo2
Rsen2
LTC3729
Local GND under controller
RUN/SS
R SEN1+ TG1
RSENSE C
R SEN1- SW1
C EAIN
SGND Island
BG1
ITH INTVCC
C C
SGND PGND
VDIFF BG2
PGND
SW2
Plane
R SEN2- TG2
RSENSE C
R SEN2+
Shortest Distance
•The SGND and PGND can be tied together underneath the IC.
SGND
INTVCC C
PGND
PGND
Vias
Vias
SW1
INTVCC
BG1
QB
PGND
Plane
RSENSE
LF
Vo+
Direct trace connection.
Do NOT use via.
LTC3729
This via should NOT
touch any other internal Vo+
R SENSE- copper plane.
C
R SENSE+
• Sensitive traces:
Vos+/-, DIFFOUT, PLLFTR, CLKOUT
-CLKOUT is a sensitive trace but it is also a noisy trace. So keep it away from
other small signal sensitive traces.
L1
V+DUT
5µ
C1
V1
100n Vout
R1
50 V-DUT
Supply
AC 1
DUT
LISN
DUT Load load box
Load resistor
PSU
DUT
47dB lower
10uH
Bead: 220Ω
Ripple at
Connector with
filter
Ripple at IC
Reference: no DUT
5022f Q-peak limit for 3m(120kHz):
30 -230MHz: 41.5dBµV/m
230MHz –1GHz: 48.5dBµV/m
66dBµV
56dBµV
46dBµV
Peak=42dBµV/m ∅=32dBµV/m
Peak & ∅ 14dB below limit
Conducted Emission
Radiated Emission
10nF
Filter: L_f=10uH; C_f=2x 4.7µF
bead
Pk: 41dBµV ∅37.3dBµv @380kHz
L_f
C_f
Ripple at connector
With filter
Ripple without
Filter. Low due to
Anti-phase switching
48.5dBµV/m
41.5dBµV/m
ferite
Low frequency
Filter Out1
1µF..10µF
SW1
GND
1µH .. 15µH
High f filter: Lf
Ferite
100Ω@100MHz
Vin Input
SW2
Through via
Several C Out2 GND
100pF
10nF ferite
100nF
Input filter
Output
Input
Input
Output
Input & Output routed in L3.
Input
90dBµV 100dBµV
90dBµV
50dBµV
50dBµV