Type RS232 Isolation Unit, Splitter Unit and Power Supply

Application Notes R4082E

ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd, St Leonards Works, Stafford ST17 4LX, England Tel: + 44 (0) 1785 223251 Fax: +44 (0) 1785 212232

APPLICATION NOTES RS232

R4082E CONTENTS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

RS232 ISOLATION UNIT (GT0022) RS232 SPLITTER UNIT (GT0023) RS232 POWER SUPPLY UNIT (GT0024) INSTALLATION OF UNITS RS232 CABLES TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF RS232 UNITS TECHNICAL DATA 10 GT0022 01 10 GT0023 01 Z10 GT0023 01 GT0026 sheet 1 GT0026 sheet 2 GT0026 sheet 3 External connection diagram: RS232 Opto-isolator External connection diagram: RS232 Splitter External connection diagram: RS232 Power supply Outline & mounting detail: RS232 Opto-isolator Outline & mounting detail RS232 Splitter Outline & mounting detail RS232 Power supply

1 2 2 3 3 4 7

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Section 1

RS232 ISOLATION UNIT (GT0022)

In substation environments any length of wire is capable of inducing high voltages from switching transients. This problem will affect any wire communication link to protective relays and similar equipment. The RS232 opto-isolation unit can be inserted into the communication link between the DTE (Data Terminal Equipment eg. the relay) and the DCE (Data Circuitterminating Equipment eg. the modem) to protect a device connected to the communication link, ie. the relay or modem. Note that DCE is sometimes incorrectly referred to as Data Communication Equipment. The RS232 opto-isolation unit provides a barrier to high voltage transients. In addition it isolates the communication circuits of the DTE or DCE, thereby preserving the integrity of the isolation of its internal electronics. The induced voltage will be related to the length of the RS232 communication lead. Where this is less than 10m long, one isolation unit will provide the required isolation. Where an RS232 lead is longer than 10m, it is recommended that two isolation units are provided, one at each end of the lead. In addition to providing isolation, this arrangement will provide protection from induced transient voltages to the devices at both ends of the lead. With this arrangement an RS232 Power Supply will be required to power the two sides of the isolation units which connect to each other. The power supply would be connected to one of the isolation units and the other would receive power by incorporating power connections within the RS232 lead. The length of 10m, to determine whether or not to include extra RS232 isolation units, is only nominal. Where an RS232 lead is routed close to high current conductors or equipment likely to create high voltage transients, RS232 isolator units should be used at both ends of the lead even when it is considerably shorter than the nominal 10m. In the circumstances of a very long line, where the volt drop along the RS232 connection lead would be high, it may be necessary to provide a separate power supply to each end. It is recommended that separate power supplies be used with leads longer than 100m. It should be noted that long leads may require lower baud rates to obtain reliable operation.

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Section 2

RS232 SPLITTER UNIT (GT0023)

The RS232 splitter unit is used where two or more DTEs at the same location require RS232 communication links to a common DCE. This enables the pieces of equipment (providing they have compatible communication protocol) to be interrogated over a common communication link. A splitter unit can connect up to four DTE units (eg. relays or KITZ units) to a single DCE (eg. modem). If more than four DTE connections are required then splitter units can be cascaded together by connecting one of the DTE ports of one unit to the DCE port of another. For example, two splitter units used as described would enable up to seven relays to share one communication link. This sharing of a single link is possible because each piece of equipment has a unique identification code set from its front panel. The communication protocol will only activate the equipment which contains the correct identification code. Power for the splitter units can be supplied from the power pins of the RS232 connectors or directly from the RS232 power supply. All five ports have the power pins implemented, so power can be routed in or out as required. With regard to protection from induced voltage transients both the DTE and DCE ports of the splitter unit should be treated like the RS232 input of a modem as described above. Where any RS232 connection is long enough to create problems from induced voltage transients (ie. nominally longer than 10m) it is recommended that the DTE or DCE port should be protected with an RS232 isolation unit.

Section 3

RS232 POWER SUPPLY UNIT (GT0024)

The RS232 power supply is a power source for the RS232 opto-isolation unit and the RS232 splitter unit. Some RS232 ports provide both a positive and a negative power output for driving external equipment (often on pins 9 and 10). If these power outputs have been implemented on the equipment to which the isolation and/or the splitter unit are connected then these outputs may be used providing the voltage and current capability conforms with the specifications listed in the technical data section of this document. If these power outputs are not available from the equipment (eg. in the case of some modems) then the RS232 power supply can be used. All back of panel RS232 connections on ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control equipment provide suitable power outputs to drive one half of an RS232 opto-isolator. In order to keep the integrity of the isolation barrier of the RS232 opto-isolator, a separate source of power is required for each side of the optical barrier.

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One RS232 power supply can be used to power more than one RS232 splitter unit or RS232 isolation unit, providing that the total current burden does not exceed the maximum capability of the power supply, and that the integrity of the isolation barrier is not compromised by connecting isolated circuits together. The RS232 power supply provides isolation of input and output by way of an internal transformer. When the two sides of an opto-isolator are powered from separate power supplies the integrity of the isolation is preserved even though the power is derived from the same ac source.

Section 4

INSTALLATION OF UNITS

Important: Refer to publication R5948, standard safety statements for protection and control relays, before proceeding to work on these units. RS232 opto-isolation units should be mounted as close as possible to the equipment being protected, ie. the relay or modem. This will often be the side or back panel of the cubicle housing the equipment. When only one isolation unit is used because the distance between the relay and the modem is short, the isolation unit should always be mounted as close as possible to the relay. Some ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control relays have a specific fixing location on the rear of the relay for an RS232 opto-isolation unit. For this specific use a 390mm cable assembly (FX0182 001) is available to connect the relay to the RS232 optoisolation unit. It is recommended that wherever possible telephone lines are brought as close as possible to the relay to allow the RS232 leads to be kept short. RS232 splitter units and RS232 power supplies can be mounted where convenient. Cables between units should be kept as short as possible and away from high current conductors. On both the RS232 opto-isolation unit and RS232 splitter unit, power supply connections can be made via the RS232 connectors or via the power supply input terminals. For each side of the RS232 isolation unit pins 9 and 10 on the 265-way sockets are connected internally to the power supply terminals. On the RS232 splitter unit pins 9 and 10 of each of the five 25-way sockets are all connected internally to the power supply terminals. This arrangement allows power to be connected to the power supply terminals of one unit, eg. a splitter unit and routed via the RS232 leads to other units, eg. opto-isolation units. The leads from RS232 power supplies to other units should be kept as short as possible. The earthing stud on each unit should be connected to a low impedance local earth point.

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Section 5

RS232 CABLES

In all circumstances the RS232 connections between relays, opto-isolators, splitters and modems should use screened cable. The wire size for individual cores should be a minimum of 7/0.2mm. Metal shielded connectors should be used and at both ends of the cable, the cable screen should be electrically connected to both the connector shield and pin 1 of the connector. Pin 1 of all sockets of the RS232 opto-isolation and splitter units is internally connected to the case earth. It is recommended that the maximum length of lead between units should be 250m. Long leads may necessitate lower baud rates because of lead impedance. All RS232 leads should have pins 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 20 connected through pin to pin. Those RS232 leads which are required to carry power from one unit to another should also have pins 9 and 10 connected through pin to pin. Care should be taken when using RS232 leads which include pins 9 and 10 connected pin to pin. Such leads must not be used when the units at the two ends of the lead are powered from separate power supplies as it would have the effect of connecting together the outputs of the power supplies. Figures 1 to 3 in Section 6 show examples of where to use pins 9 and 10. When connecting to a local computer or terminal the single cable from the computer or terminal to the opto-isolation unit (or splitter) should be a null modem cable.

Section 6

TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF RS232 UNITS

Relay 1

Opto 1 PS Telephone line

RS232 cables with pins 9 & 10 connected RS232 cables without pins 9 & 10 connected Power supply cables

Modem Figure 1

Figure 1 shows a simple arrangement of a relay connected to a modem. An optoisolation unit, mounted as close as possible to the relay, isolates the communication circuits of the relay. This example assumes that the modem does not provide a suitable external power source, so a power supply unit is used to power that side of the optoisolation unit connected to the modem.

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Relay 1

Opto 1

Opto 2 Splitter

Modem Figure 2

Telephone line

Figure 2 shows two relays, each with an opto-isolation unit, connected to a modem via a splitter unit. The splitter unit and the DCE side of both the opto-isolation units obtain their power from the modem. If the modem to be used does not have a suitable power output for external devices, an RS232 power supply should be added as in Figure 3.

Relay 1

PS2

Relay 2

Opto 1

Opto 2

Opto 3

Splitter

PS1

PS3

Modem Figure 3

Telephone line

Figure 3 shows one relay located near the splitter unit with a second relay more than 100m from the splitter unit. In this example the particular modem in use does not provide a suitable power supply for external devices so the splitter unit and the DCE sides of opto-isolation units 1 and 2 obtain their power from power supply 1.

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32

32

32

KITZ

KITZ

KITZ

PS1

Splitter

Telephone line Modem Figure 4 Figure 4 shows the splitter used to multiply the number of K relays which can be connected to a single telephone line via a modem. It should be noted that the update time for the relay information will increase in proportion to the number of relays connected. By cascading the splitters it is possible to have up to 254 relays connected.

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Section 7

TECHNICAL DATA

Common specifications for RS232 opto-isolation units, RS232 splitter units and RS232 power supplies.
Communication inputs and outputs Signal levels Physical connections EIA RS-232-C (CCITT V.24 and V.28) EIA RS-232-C ISO 2110 25-way subminiature D-type connector Shield TXD RXD RTS CTS DSR DTR GND +12V 12V Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 20 Pin 7 Pin 9 Pin 10

Pin allocations

Baud rates

All rates up to and including 9600 (Long cable may require lower baud rates for reliable operation)

Environmental Withstand Temperature IEC 68-2-1 IEC 68-2-2 Humidity IEC 68-2-3 Enclosure protection IEC 529 Vibration IEC 255-22-1 Transit and storage 25C to +70C Operating 25C to +55C 56 days (at 93% RH and +40C) IP40 0.07mm displacement between 10Hz and 60Hz 0.5g between 60Hz and 300Hz

Protective fuse rating The recommended external protective fuse rating for the incoming supply lead of these units is 6A maximum.

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RS232 isolation unit (GT0022)

DC supply voltage (Vx) DC supply current requirement (per side) Voltage withstand Insulation IEC 255-5 1kV rms for 1 minute between all circuits and case earth 1kV rms for 1 minute between independent circuits. 5kV peak, 1.2/50s, 0.5J between all circuits and case earth and between independent circuits. 2.5kV peak between independent circuits and case earth. 1.0kV peak across input circuits 1MHz burst decaying to 50% of peak value after 3 to 6 cycles Test carried out with RS232 opto-isolator used in conjunction with RS232 power supply. 12V nominal operative range 8.0V to 13V +12V supply 12V supply 36mA 30mA

High voltage impulse IEC 255-5 High frequency disturbance IEC 255-22-1 Class III

RS232 splitter unit (GT0023)

Input/output ports DC supply voltage (Vx) DC supply current requirement +12V supply 12V supply Voltage withstand Insulation IEC 255-5 High voltage impulse IEC 255-5 1kV rms for 1 minute between all circuits and case earth 5kV peak, 1.2/50s, 0.5J between circuits and case earth 40mA 50mA 4 connections for DTE 1 connection for DCE 12V nominal operative range 8.0V to 13.0V

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RS232 Power Supply (GT0024)

AC supply voltage Vn Nominal 120V 240V 47Hz to 63Hz CEE 22/IEC 320 chassis plug 0.5A surge proof type 12VA max (at maximum drive capability) 12V 3 burden units where one side of an opto-isolation unit equals 0.5 burden unit and one splitter equals 1 burden unit. Operative range 95 to 132.5V 190 to 265V

Frequency Physical connections Internal fuse Burden (Vn) DC output voltage (Vx) Drive capability

Voltage withstand Insulation IEC 255-5 2kV rms for 1 minute between all circuits and case earth 2kV rms for 1 minute between independent circuits. 5kV peak, 1.2/50s, 0.5J between all circuits and case earth and between independent circuits. 2.5kV peak between independent circuits and case earth. 1.0kV peak across input circuits 1MHz burst decaying to 50% of peak value after 3 to 6 cycles Test carried out with RS232 opto-isolator used in conjunction with RS232 power supply.

High voltage impulse IEC 255-5 High frequency disturbance IEC 255-22-1 Class III

Information required with order

RS232 power supply AC supply voltage (Vn) 120V or 240V