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Designzzz Book # 1
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Designzzz Book # 1
Contents
Contents .................................................................................................................... 2 Design Basics ........................................................................................................... 5 Basic Designing Glossary ...................................................................................... 5 How Colors Affect Us ............................................................................................ 6 Typograhpy Basics ................................................................................................ 7 Basic Terminology ................................................................................................. 7 Examples of a Serif font ........................................................................................ 8 Examples of a Sans-Serif font ............................................................................... 8 Hands on Photoshop ................................................................................................ 9 What to Expect ................................................................................................... 10 Eligibility for the Crash Course ........................................................................... 11 Initial Steps ........................................................................................................... 11 Workspace .......................................................................................................... 12 Panels ................................................................................................................... 13 Tools ..................................................................................................................... 14 Move Tool ........................................................................................................... 14 Marquee Tools..................................................................................................... 14 Lasso Tools ........................................................................................................... 16 Magic Selection Tools ........................................................................................ 18 Crop Tool ............................................................................................................ 19 Eyedropper Tool ................................................................................................. 19 Healing Brushes .................................................................................................. 20 Brush Tools ............................................................................................................ 21 Stamp Tools ......................................................................................................... 23 History Brushes ..................................................................................................... 23 Erasers ................................................................................................................. 24 Fill .......................................................................................................................... 24 Refinement Tools ................................................................................................ 25 Color Editing Tools .............................................................................................. 26 Pen Tools .............................................................................................................. 26 Text Tools .............................................................................................................. 27 Path Editing Tools ................................................................................................ 28 Shape Tools ......................................................................................................... 29 Panels .................................................................................................................. 30 Layers ................................................................................................................... 32 Opacity and Blend Modes ................................................................................ 33 Adobe Photoshop Shortcuts .................................................................................. 39 Tools ..................................................................................................................... 40 List of shortcuts .................................................................................................... 41 Workspace .......................................................................................................... 44
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Designzzz Book # 1
Resources ................................................................................................................ 46 Tutorials ................................................................................................................ 47 Free Resources .................................................................................................... 47 Credits .................................................................................................................... 48 Tayyab Ebrahim .................................................................................................. 48 Waseem Amjad .................................................................................................. 48 Jakub Arnold ....................................................................................................... 48 Ondrej Dyrka ....................................................................................................... 49 Ayaz Malik ........................................................................................................... 49 Who Are We? .......................................................................................................... 50 Members Area .................................................................................................... 51 Ending Note ............................................................................................................ 52 Copyright Notice .................................................................................................... 53
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Designzzz Book # 1
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Designzzz Book # 1
Design Basics
Every area of human activity has its basics, and design is no exception from this rule. Needless to say, there are hundreds of terms, practices and pieces of information you need to command, if you want to become a good designer. We shall begin with rough and simple mentions of the most important terms and you'll be constantly given outbound links for more detailed information.
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Designzzz Book # 1
WYSIWYG: What you see is what you get. This term is usually used in web designing. When you are designing a site, you dont have to save the web page coding and open it in a browser, rather the designing application provides you with a live preview. Please see the Designing Theorems and Terminology - The Prerequisities for a Designer for further reference, you will also learn about the difference between:
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Designzzz Book # 1
Also visit Infographic: How to Use Colors in Graphic and Web Designing.
Typograhpy Basics
It is vitally important to have at least a basic understanding of typography, i.e. the difference between serif and sans-serif fonts and how to choose their proper combination. Several of the most basic typographic factors are:
use sans-serif for headlines and serif for body one font type in the headlines and other in the body choose exactly 2 fonts and stick with them through the whole article look for design collisions
Basic Terminology
There are of course many more categories of fonts, other than serif vs. sansserif. Those are: Blackletter Calligraphic Inscriptional Non-alphanumeric Ornamented Script
In case you are interested in the other kinds of fonts, feel free visit Typedia they have covered this issue very well.
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Designzzz Book # 1
At times, designers might get confused by the terms "typeface" and "font", so let's describe both right away to avoid any misunderstanding. Typeface - a group of fonts, it unites a family of a particular font, like Lucida Sans, Lucida Typewriter, etc. Font - a subset of a typeface, it is a particular style and set of characters
Century
Verdana
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Designzzz Book # 1
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Designzzz Book # 1
Hands on Photoshop
We are going to teach you Adobe Photoshop CS5 in just 30 minutes by guiding you through every tool and basic commands. It's safe to say that it will be far from being a complete instruction manual, but with our help, you will be able to perform rudimental tasks with Photoshop.
What to Expect
In case you need more information, you will easily obtain it in the user guide (provided by Adobe with every copy of Photoshop and also available for Download Online). You can see a [page #] written in brackets after every command. That indicates the page number in that PDF help Adobe provides. Assuming that you already know that what Photoshop is and what it does, lets just start the practical part right away. Bonus: The terminology and tools are almost identical in Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator, so you are also learning a great deal about Adobe Illustrator at the same time. The difference between these two programs is that Photoshop is for Bitmap Graphics and Illustrator is for Vector Graphics.
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Designzzz Book # 1
You know the basic terminology used in graphic designing. You know the basic image editing functions, for example contrast
and brightness enhancement or how to crop an image. These functions are available in all famous picture viewers such as Picasa, ACDSee or IrfanView. If you're not sure whether you meet these criteria, please read Graphic Design Methods and Terms for further reference.
Initial Steps
Install Adobe Photoshop CS5 in your computer and immediately test every tool or command you are learning here. I think thats the best way to memorize a command. One more thing I would like to clarify is that many questions might pop-up in your head while reading this chaper, like how can we do this and that? Should that be the case, just keep on reading please. If I had to explain everything at once, we would waste a lot of pages. All of your questions will be answered in due time. Read this guide to the end before you seek any help, otherwise you can get easily confused. You dont have to read from the help, we just provided it for a reference, so you dont have to burn your head finding the right page.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Workspace
The most important elements of Photoshop are, of course, the Tools, but we'll cover each tool individually. Right now, we will take a look at the Control Panel. Control Panel This is basically a bar with Options Bar (called Control Panel in Adobe Illustrator) that shows advanced properties for the currently selected tool. This is one of the elements which is not covered explicitly, because most of its commands are self explanatory. No need to worry though, we will describe the important and essential commands and functions right here.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Panels
These options are used frequently (but their functions cant be filled up to a single tool such as a color bar) and take place on the right side in Photoshop.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Tools
When you move your mouse pointer upon any tool, a yellow message pops out, that message is called Tooltip. Theres occasionally a letter written in a bracket, thats the hotkey for that particular tool. Here comes the Tools Panel:
Move Tool
The tool to perform basic actions on a selected area, such as move, resize, rotate etc. This works in the same way as any Arrow Tool in any graphic designing application.
Marquee Tools
This is a set of tools. Click and hold for a second to view all the tools.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Style
Surprisingly, it is a selection for styles. Normal means freeform style, with Fixed Ratio you can create an aspect ratio for your selection. Fixed Size is self explanatory, it creates a selection of the defined size.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Feather
Creates a gradient type effect at the edges, see the example below to view what it does. Anti-alias is a light feather, quite useful when cutting something out of an image. See the example below.
Refine Edges
Contributes with the advanced options for your current selection. Make a selection and toggle with commands, they explain themselves very quickly in the preview box. Tip: to remove all selection, just press Ctrl + D
Lasso Tools
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Designzzz Book # 1
Only the Magnetic Lasso Tool has new options in the control panel, so lets go through those commands. Width refers to the margin from the edge of the object you are selecting. Contrast value should be high, if the object has similar color value to the background, but usually, default value of 10 works best with almost everything. [Page 198]
Lasso Tool
Same as the last tool set, except that you can create a custom shape selection with this tool, rather than just rectangular or elliptical. Hold your click and draw the desired shape to make a selection.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Contiguous means to select only the colors that are connected to each other. If its not selected, then the color will be selected in the entire image. Tolerance helps you to select a greater range of colors. If it's high and you click over a green color (say from light green to dark green), all colors will be selected. This will not be the case if Tolerance value is low. Sample All Layers command will be described below. [Page 202]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Crop Tool
Works as any other crop tool in other programs. Slice Tools will be covered later, with the option Save for Web & Devices. Height and Width sets the aspect ratio. [Page 141]
Eyedropper Tool
Same old story, this also works in the same way as any eyedropper tool in other programs. It reads the color value from wherever you click so that you can fill that color to any other place. [Page 85]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Healing Brushes
We shall cover Mode in just a bit. Source options are for selecting a color pattern from the opened image you want to paint with Healing Brush using a predefined patter. Aligned means after you select a color pattern from the image and then move your pointer up or down (vertically), the target source location also moves and stays at the same distance. [Page 149]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Patch Tool
With this tool, you can edit and patch an image. Create a shape (just as with Lasso Tool) and then click inside the shape you just made. Drag your pointer to another place and that's it,
Brush Tools
Mode changes the method your brush stroke is applied to the image in the background.
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Designzzz Book # 1
The difference between Opacity and Flow is that if opacity is low, you can paint over a point many times. The opacity will stay the same, while Flow works the same way as if you were painting over a canvas. Blending Modes and Opacity options are covered in the layers section below. [Page 279]
Brush Tool
For digital paintings and web designing, this is one the most used tools in Photoshop. It works as if you have a paint brush in your hand. Click it and drag it around. Press "]" enlarge the size of the brush and "[" to shrink it.
Pencil Tool
A solid stroke of color, click and drag, it will create a line of that color, thats it.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Stamp Tools
These commands will be cleared at Layers section. [Page (Cloning) 146 (Pattern) 282]
History Brushes
These tools will be explained later in History and Undo. [Page 41]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Erasers
Eraser Tool
It does what its name suggests.
Fill
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Designzzz Book # 1
Refinement Tools
Blur Tool
Absorbs the sharpness and makes that portion of the image seem blurry. This tool is often used in image editing.
Sharpen Tool
An absolute opposite to the Blur Tool.
Smudge Tool
Creates the effect of finger painting, i.e. smudge painting. Some newcomers use this tool for portrait editing, such as I mentioned earlier, removing a mole from a face - but that is the wrong way to do it. Proper method is to use Clone Tool and Healing Brush Tool. [Page 154]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Dodge Tool
It exposes the colors in range of Shadows, Midtones or Highlights of the image. You can switch the range from Control Panel.
Burn Tool
Opposite to Dodge Tool, it does not expose colors; rather burns them.
Sponge Tool
Painting with this tool helps you to saturate (or desaturate) a part of image. You can change the setting from Control Panel. [Page 156] The next four toolsets are for designing Vector Graphics.
Pen Tools
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Designzzz Book # 1
Options Bar will be defined later in the section of Layers and Paths. [Page 317]
Pen Tools
Creates a Vector shape in the same way you make with a Polygonal Lasso Tool and also an anchor points with every click.
Text Tools
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Designzzz Book # 1
The Control Panel (Options Bar) of these tools contain only the commands which are present in any word processor. So we dont need to look deeply in it. [Page 358]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Shape Tools
Almost all of these tools work the same way, so lets just jump to the last one.
Hand Tool
Works same as any Hand Tool. When you zoom a portion of the image, you can use the Hand Tool to navigate around your image. Just click and drag. You can get to this tool at any time when using any other tool by pressing and holding the Spacebar. [Page 23]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Zoom Tool
Guess, what would this tool do it zooms in and out of an image. [Page 25]
Color Preview
You see two colors, the top one is the foreground color and the bottom one is background color. When you erase something out of the image, the background color takes its place. And foreground color is the main color which will be painted, if you use Brush Tool or some other paint tool. [Page 85] Quick Mask Mode is clarified in the next section
Panels
The first panel is a set of three panels, Colors, Swatches and Styles.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Color
Provides you a color mixer.
Swatches
Has a palette of predefined colors.
Styles
Has a list of styles that can be applied to a Vector Graphic or Layer. [Page 86] The second panel set carries two panels:
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Designzzz Book # 1
Adjustments
Enable you to change the values of brightness, contrast, colors, saturation, levels and same kind of functions. [Page 106]
Masks
There are many definitions for mask. In my words, it is a way of hiding a part of an image, without editing or removing it. There are two types of masks in Photoshop, Vector and Pixel. [Page 220] The third panel set includes the most important panels.
Layers
Introduced in Photoshop 3.0, layers created a revolution. A blank layer works as a sheet of transparent paper (tracing paper).
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Designzzz Book # 1
If there is one thing that you absolutely have to understand, it's layers. Imagine a regular table with many pieces of paper on it. You can move them around, put one on top of another, or even cut a small chunk of the paper off. The most perspicuous implemantation of layers is to place a blank layer on the top of an image and make changes in that layer whenever you design. If you want to edit it later, you can do so much more easily. That's exactly how layers work in Photoshop. The basic idea is that you can split your image into multiple parts and work with each of them independently. Think of it as your work desk, where you have a large number of papers. You can move each of the papers independently, write on them, throw them away, cut them, glue them together and much more. The same principle applies to layers in Photoshop. Here are but a few examples:
move a layer disregarding the others copy/cut/paste from one layer to another blend layers together with one of many blend modes change opacity of the layers apply styles to each layer, e.g. stroke, drop shadow and many more
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Designzzz Book # 1
As you get more advanced with Photoshop, opacity will become your best friend, because it allows you to dial down the effects of some filters or adjustments. Opacity is often used to adjust the effect of a modification you made, be it a blend mode or any filter. You can select a value from 0 to 100%, where 0 is completely transparent and 100% is completely opaque. To quickly set opacity value, just press the number representing the percentage on your keyboard. For 50% press 5, for 70% press 7, for 56% press 5 and 6 after each other. That's how you set opacity! You might have noticed that there is another value similar to opacity called Flow. Simply put, Flow is just same as the Opacity until you start using Layer Styles, as Flow doesn't apply to any styles, only to the layer itself. When you get more advanced, you will find out that Flow affects some blend modes differently than Opacity does, but that is not important right now. [Page 245]
Channels
As you know, digital images are constructed from pixels which contain primary colors. By manipulating their ratio, the computer generates all the colors. So basically these are the color modes, RGB, CMYK or whatever. If you are designing a graphic that is going to be printed, it will have four channels, Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. If your graphic is a grayscale one, it will only have one channel. You can change channel values from panel. [Page 51]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Paths
Every vector is a path. Path is the line that forms the vector. [Page 323] The panels that didnt find their place at right side, are placed in this bar.
History
Photoshop has only one undo. Dont worry though, because it also has something much better - History. When you press Ctrl + Z it performs an Undo, if you press it again, Photoshop performs a Redo. To perform several Undos Press Ctrl + Alt + Z. You can view all your performed actions from History panel and perform several Undos by just clicking at a position.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Slice Tools
In short, this tool enables you to divide the picture into segments, and each segment can be saved as an independent image. This tool works as a partner with Save for Web and Devices. You can create a segment in any image by just selecting Slice Tool and clicking & draging over the area you want to make a separate picture. it becomes very useful when you create a design of a website (or its element), such as a navigation bar in Adobe Photoshop, and now you need to divide that design into separate segments. [Page 447]
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Designzzz Book # 1
Preview Options
Simple Preview Options for some tools such as the Quick Hand Tool, Zoom Tool etc. And some Preview Styles from which you can choose to only view the optimized view, comparitive view etc.
Color Preview
Shows you the colors used in the image.
Image Size
This option changes the image size of the picture being exported. It will not effect the file are working in. Now, lets press Save.
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Designzzz Book # 1
As you can see in the screenshot above, there are three options in the Format dropdown list. The first highlighted one is useful only when you have made slices with Slice Tool (as I have) and now you are ready to export. Photoshop will generate an HTML page consisting of all the image slices (now completely seperate images). The second option Images Only works when you are exporting only a single image without any slicing, and of course, you can also save all the slices without the HTML file. Last option, HTML Only, does what it sound like, and it is almost never used.
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Designzzz Book # 1
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Designzzz Book # 1
Tools
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Designzzz Book # 1
List of shortcuts
1. Caps Lock switches your cursor to Plus sign for precision, while working with painting or editing tools. 2. To draw a straight line, click where you want the line to start, then go to the point where you want the line to end, hold Shift and Click. 3. Holding Ctrl will temporarily change you current tool to Move Tool.. 4. Holding Spacebar will temporarily change you current tool to Hand Tool. 5. Holding Alt will temporarily change you current tool to Eyedropper Tool, if you are working with a painting tool. 6. Ctrl + Alt + Click and drag the image, it will create a duplication of the current image or selection and make an overlay on the top. 7. If you hold down Alt while using Burn or Dodge Tool, it switches the tool functions between them. 8. When you are done typing with any text tool, press Ctrl+Enter, Photoshop will understand you are done. 9. Alt + Mouse Scroll changes the zoom level 10. While using Magnetic Lasso Tool, pressing Delete button will remove the previous anchor point. 11. While working with Zoom Tool, Ctrl + Spacebar zooms in, Alt + Spacebar zooms out.
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Designzzz Book # 1
12. Eyedropper Tool - to capture foreground color, hold Alt and click, it will capture the color for background. 13. When drawing a line with the Measure Tool, if you hold Alt and draw another line from the end of the first line, it will also measure the angle. 14. When using Marquee Tools, hold down Alt and it will make the click point as the center point of the selection. When using Brush Tool, or other Paint Tools, pressing the numbers on the numeral pad will alter the transparency. ([4=40%] or [press 4 then 5 will get 45%]) 15. Hold Shift and press "+" or "-" it will change the layer and painting modes:
N = Normal I = Dissolve M = Multiply S = Screen = Overlay F = Soft Light H = Hard Light D = Color Dodge B = Color Burn K = Darken G = Lighten
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Designzzz Book # 1
E = Difference X = Exclusion U = Hue T = Saturation C = Color Y = Luminosity Q = Behind 1 L = Threshold 2 R = Clear 3 W = Shadow 4 V = Midtones 4 Z = Highlights 4
(This will work with these tools: Alpha turned off, Indexed Mode, Line tool, Bucket Tools, Dodge and Burn)
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Workspace
16. When you double click the gray background area, the Open command will run. (Works when no file is opened) 17. Double clicking on the title of any panel will minimize or maximize it. 18. All "Cancel" buttons in every Photoshop windows and tables, will be transformed into a "Reset" button by just holding Alt. 19. Pressing Tab will hide toolbar and panels, while Shift + Tab will only hide panels. This is one the most used trick in Photoshop. 20. Lets have some fun, want to change the grey background color outside the opened file? Select Paint Bucket tool, hold shift and click. Voila! Works only when a file is opened.
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21. Open a file and press F button, it switches among the 3 different screen modes so you can easily choose the best workspace for your current task. 22. Ctrl + Backspace and Alt + Backspace will fill in the whole image area with foreground color or background colors. 23. Pressing Shift + Backspace will pop-up the option window, Alt + Shift + Backspace and Ctrl + Shift + Backspace, will fill the image with foreground or background color but will not change the values in of the areas of alpha. 24. Ctrl+J makes a duplicate layer. 25. Ctrl + D to deselect all, and Ctrl+Shift+D to reselect what you deselected. 26. You can show or hide a path by pressing Ctrl+Shift+H 27. Pressing Ctrl+Tab allows you to toggles between opened image files. 28. Alt drag a step from a serial action can copy it to another action. 29. If you want to import an object from Illustrator to Photoshop, just Copy and Paste. Photoshop will ask you whether to import it as a vector or bitmap. 30. Double clicking the Hand Tool provides you the largest full image preview. 31. Double clicking the Zoom Tool sets the zoom level to 100%. 32. Pressing X will swap the foreground and background colors. 33. Pressing D will resets the foreground and background colors to default 34. Ctrl+Shift+N opens the new layer with a dialog box, Ctrl+Shift+Alt+N creates a new layer, no questions asked. 35. Press F to alter between the modes. Dont forget to visit Photoshop CS5 Shortcuts for Professionals.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Resources
Naturally, there are many more issues worth your attention. We couldn't possibly make our material as long as we would like to, because it would cover hundreds of pages. As a result, we're providing a special chapter for bonus resources that you should check out yourself. You can obviously ignore it, but you will greatly enhance the utility of this material simply by checking out the links below. There are just two categories: Tutorials are meant to help you with a particular topic that either hasn't been covered that much here or it extends the information provided by us. Free Resources will provide an excellent collection of free Photoshop Plugins and Extensions, because good tools are almost necessary for creating a nice piece of art.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Tutorials
Photoshop Smoke Tutorials Edition Multiple Image Formats Description How to Create Logos How To Ceate a Website Layout Photoshop Tutorials Edition Masks in Photoshop How to use Photoshop across Multiple Platforms and Devices More Photohshop Handy Shortcuts How to Create a Stylish Desktop Wallpaper How to Create an Explosive Effect in Photoshop
Free Resources
Free Photoshop Custom Shapes and Tutorial Useful Collection of Free Photoshop Pattern Sets 50+ Handpicked Photoshop Actions and Tutorial 10 Photoshop Plugins 25 General Photohsop Brushes 21 Photoshop Vector Brush Sets 20 Photoshop Smoke Brush Sets
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Designzzz Book # 1
Credits
The first book of DesignZZZ is a joint effort of several authors. We worked hard to provide the best value we could and we have hopefully, succeeded. You are going to learn a thing or two about each person who contributed:
Tayyab Ebrahim
Tayyab is a Freelance Journalist holding a considerable experience in Web-design, Multimedia Graphics and Photography. He was a big help in the creation of this book. Major skills: Journalism, Video Production, Computer Graphics
Waseem Amjad
Muhammad Waseem Amjad is a College Student from Pakistan. Incredible creativity and natural photography skills makes him a prominent member of our team. He is the creator of all the graphic elements you see in this book. Major Skill: Design, Photography
Jakub Arnold
Jakub is a college student from the Czech republic. Apart from being incredibly smart and lazy, he co-wrote the chapter "Hands on Photoshop". Major skills: Programming, Design
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Designzzz Book # 1
Ondrej Dyrka
Yet another Czech college student, he is responsible for the Color and Typographic parts of this book. Last but not the least, it was his duty to make this book visually appealing and he was also the main editor - as he is on DesignZZZ.com. Major skills: English
Ayaz Malik
He is the founder of ZZZ Networks and all ZZZ sites are his creations. His area of interests are design, development and publishing. Ayaz runs a few sites and of course, he is the owner of DesignZZZ. Major skills: Giggling, Programming, Design
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Designzzz Book # 1
Design Photography Free Resources WordPress Tutorials Reviews, Tips and Miscellaneous
We are trying to educate our crowd in the most coherent and comprehensible way possible. Each and every of our posts is thoroughly checked and consulted by most of our staff before it's launched. We welcome all your suggestions and feedback. In fact, anyone can contact us and write a Guest Post for DesignZZZ, one of the top deisgn related sites out there. All you have to do is to be an expert in your field, we will help you with your English if needed.
Contact Details
Email: webmaster@designzzz.com Form: http://www.designzzz.com/contact-us/
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Designzzz Book # 1
Members Area
Recently, we have launched a bright new memberhsip area (free of charge) to make the experience of our visitors even better. What are the perks of becoming our member? Recommendation System will recommed articles based on your interests. Submit News - Found something you liked? Share it with the community! Free Downloads - It is our pleasure to supply you with free resources, tutorials, for Photoshop, Wordpress etc. Recent Comments - No need to bookmark your activity on DesignZZZ in your browser; it is taken care of automatically in the members area.
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Designzzz Book # 1
Ending Note
We would like to thank you for downloading and studying Designzzz Book #1. We are considering an extension and such action is entirely dependent on your reactions. If you liked our work and found it helpful, make yourself heard on DesignZZZ and we will be more than happy to come up with something again, and even better that time. Once again, thank you for reading, see you on DesignZZZ!
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Designzzz Book # 1
Copyright Notice
All rights are reserved by Designzzz.com. This e-book cannot be sold or redistributed to/on any other website without official permission from the owner of Designzzz.com.
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