Neocon Presentation

Considerations in Interior Design for Home Theaters and Listening Enviornments
presented by Beth Walters & John Storyk Principals and Co-Founders Walters-Storyk Design Group
NeoCon June 10, 2008
Home Theater Acoustics WSDG
Partners in Design Acoustics + Audio-Video
Challenge
unite the disciplines of architecture and acoustics in order to create exciting spaces that are acoustically accurate and quiet within the community
1. Our Approach 2. Acoustic Audio-Video fundamentals 3. Home Theater Design & Beyond 4. Case Studies
1. Our Approach
room shaping fundamental isolation issues room surface concepts
1. 2. 3. 4.
Quietness Internal Room Acoustic Values Audio Video Requirements Client Education
1. quietness
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1. quietness
room within room construction
1. quietness
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1. quietness
early project reminders make an acoustic site survey develop a robust program statement with exact quietness requirements
2. internal room acoustic values
- Intelligibility rooms acoustic characteristic to clearly hear speech such as conference rooms - Audio (music) responsiveness this is important in any room dedicated to serious music listening such as recording studios and home theaters
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2. internal room acoustic values
3. audio video requirements
early project reminder a-v requirements at the very least identify specialty a-v requirements ipod docking station integrated window and lighting controls surround sound distributed audio-video master media library etc.
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3. audio video requirements
equipment closet in millwork with rear access
4. client education
discuss these early in the project room shaping surface treatments a-v electronics
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4. client education
4. client education
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4. client education
4. client education
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4. client education
4. client education
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2. Acoustics + Audio-Video Fundamentals
applied acoustics in design transfer and isolation internal room
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Acoustics is the study of sound. Sound is the change of pressure in a medium (air) over time. All acoustical parameters must be thought of as being
FREQUENCY DEPENDENT
Fundamentals
Wavelength
Wavelength
Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
Time
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Wavelength & Speed
c=f
c, the velocity of sound, is constant.
Imperial Units: c 1130 ft / s = 1.13 ft / ms 1 ft / ms SI Units: c 344 m / s = 34.4 cm / ms 30 cm / ms
Therefore, if gets small, f must get large. If gets large, f must get small. Low frequencies have long wavelengths. High frequencies have short wavelengths.
Speech and Music

120
20 to 20,000Hz
Threshold of Pain
Sound Pressure Level (dB)
100
Music
80
80 to 4,000Hz
80dB
60
40
20
Threshold of Hearing
0 20 50 100 300 500 1k 3k 5k 10k 20k
Frequency (Hz)
40dB
Speech
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Frequency Range in Bands

The most common frequency bands have their centers at octave or 1/3 octave intervals.
Octave Bands
63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Acoustic Sound Levels

dB SPL Chart
Our ears sensitivity for loudness and frequency is logarithmic measured in decibel (dB)
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transfer and isolation acoustics
Noise Criteria Curves (NC)
One of the most commonly used single-number readings for quietness is the Noise Criteria (NC). To convert a given set of measurement data to the single-number value, a set of predefined curves is used.
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Noise Criteria Curves (NC)

100 90
80
sound-pressure level (dB)
NC curves are convenient but can be deceiving in accuracy for individual frequency values
70 60
NC 70 NC 65 NC 60
50
NC 55 NC 50
40
NC 45 NC 40
30 20
NC 35
NC 35 ! NC 35 NC 25
NC 30 NC 20
10
0 31.5 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
octave band center frequencies (Hz) Home Theater Acoustics WSDG
Typical NC Values
Conditions Sleeping Living Office Audio Studio Restaurant Home Theater Computer room
NC level 25-35 35-45 30-45 15-20 35-50 20-25 45-60
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Transmission Loss (TL)

The most common way of determining airborne sound insulation is the two room method. TL = approx. 80 35 = approx. 45dB @ 1kHz Level: 80dB SPL @ 1kHz
Level: 35dB SPL @ 1kHz
Source Room
Receiver Room
Room-within-Room Design
Two keywords for sound isolation design Mass Decoupling A clever combination of both: physical mass and mechanical decoupling will result in good sound isolation. High performance acoustic isolation often results in Room within Room Construction
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Sound Transmission Class

Fiber glass 2x4 metal studs 5/8 gypsum board
STC 45
Partitions
Metal Stud Systems
2 Layers of 5/8 Gypsum Board
Open Cell Neoprene
Attenuation Blanket Resilient Channel
STC 52
Metal Studs Acoustical Sealant
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Partitions
Metal Stud Systems
de-coupled acoustic ceiling
Attenuation Blanket multiple g.b. layers
STC 62
Metal Studs Floating Floor Home Theater Acoustics WSDG Shown here with De-Coupled Floor and Ceiling Systems
Room-within-Room Design
spring isolator
Detail of ceiling spring isolator system
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Internal Room Acoustics
Acoustical Palette
Geometry links the real world to what we hear
Acoustical Treatment
REFLECTION
Temporal Response
SPECULAR REFLETION
Spatial Response
0 -30 -60 -90 30 60 90
6 dB
ABSORPTION
DIRECT SOUND -30 ATTENUATED REFLETION -60 -90
0 30 60 90
DIFFUSION
10 msec 0 DIFFUSION -60

10dB
-30
30 60 90
-90 TIME (msec)
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Reflections
Fir
Direc t
Soun
st R efle ctio n
Reverberation
RT60 The RT60 Decay Time measures the (frequency dependent) time necessary for a 60 dB decay in sound pressure level (onemillionth of original Signal).
The steepness of the slope with witch the reverb decays (which defines the RT60 Decay Time) is an important parameter in defining the acoustics of a room. However, the distribution of the individual reverberation peaks is the other half of the story!
co Se nd R ef c le tio n
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Reverberation
RT60 - Waterfall Display
100
90
Sound Pressure Level dB re 20m Pa

0,00 0,22 0,44 0,66 0,88 Time, 1,10 1,32 Sec. 1,54 1,76 10 100 1K 10K
80
70
60
50
Frequency, Hz
RT60 target design values

1.4 Reverberation Time (seconds) 1.2 1.0
MUSIC
0.8 0.6 0.4

SPEECH
0.2 0 1,000 Room Volume (cubic feet) 2,000 3,000 5,000 10,000 20,000 50,000
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Modal Analysis
Room Ratios
3.0
Room 1 Length: 36 ft Width: 24 ft Height: 12 ft x:y:z=3:2:1
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
ACCEPTABLE RATIOS
Newman Bolt Beranek 1957
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Note: Dimension Ratio 1:X:Y
Modal Analysis
Room Ratios
3.0
Room 2 Length: 21.5 ft Width: 15 ft Height: 9.5 ft x : y : z = 2.3 : 1.6 : 1
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
ACCEPTABLE RATIOS
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Note: Dimension Ratio X:Y:1
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Acoustic Design Room Ratios

width : 20 length: 20 height: 9 20
20
Lin
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Log
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 250 300 350
Acoustic Design Room Ratios

closet 20 width : 20 length: 16.5 height: 9
16.5
Lin
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Log
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 250 300 350
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3. Design
future homes more media rooms future offices more media conference rooms future environments quieter (greener)
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advanced technology and improved acoustics will appear in almost all building types
early in the design process room shaping display requirements audio and specifically low frequency control quietness and isolation hvac wire management (future proof) the bare maximum
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CINEMA
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4. Case Studies
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Mi Casa Studios
Hollywood, CA, USA
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45
Paz Home Theater - Musuem of Inhotim

Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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49
50
Apartment Home Theater

Dallas,TX
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Surround Control Room
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Chu Residence Home Theater

Nantucket, MA
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acoustic prediction auralization slightly into the future for all rooms
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13 12 11
RT 60 Times
Simulation without Treatment Simulation with preliminary Treatment
RT60 Reverberation Time [s]
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 63 125
Upper Limit
Walters Storyk Design Group

250 500 1000 2000 4000
Lower Limit
8000
Frequency [Hz]
ZU-YUAN
Ceiling: Plaster Circles: 100mm Insulation
Auralisation Materials
25mm Insulation
Carpet Frontwall: Perforated Metalsheets, Perforation Type 2 Sidewall: Perforated Metalsheets, Perforation Type 1 Audience Area
01
A2
Floor: Stone
Remarks:
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perforated metal sheets - concept

Section Type 1: Sections Type 2:
Perforated Metal Sheet Thickness: 4mm Hole diameter: 0.6mm Hole Distance (c-c): 4mm
Perforated Metal Sheet Thickness: 4mm Hole diameter: 0.6mm Hole Distance (c-c): 10mm
Wall 50mm Airspace 50mm Insulation
50mm Airspace 50mm Insulation
Remarks: Microperforated Metalsheet. The absorption curve of these perforations can be achieved with slightly different perforations, too.
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Original image sculpted metal panels on all walls
Auralization Amplified Music/Film
Feature Film Empty Room Feature Film Treated Room
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Considerations in Interior Design for Home Theaters and Listening Enviornments

NeoCon June 10, 2008

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Partners in Design Acoustics + Audio-Video

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

room shaping fundamental isolation issues room surface concepts

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

room within room construction

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

2. internal room acoustic values

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

2. internal room acoustic values

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

3. audio video requirements

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

3. audio video requirements

equipment closet in millwork with rear access

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

2. Acoustics + Audio-Video Fundamentals

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

applied acoustics in design transfer and isolation internal room

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Wavelength & Speed

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Speech and Music

Sound Pressure Level (dB)

0 20 50 100 300 500 1k 3k 5k 10k 20k

Frequency Range in Bands

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Acoustic Sound Levels

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

transfer and isolation acoustics

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG

Noise Criteria Curves (NC)

Home Theater Acoustics WSDG