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Farming Layer Cultivation I Cultivation Fish Farming Litchi Culture Plant Dugwells On Aonla Citrus Sericulture Onion Casuarina Sprinkler Shrimp Milk Poultry Rabbit Volume Aloe Farm Cooling Cultivation Storage Farming Broiler Farming II Irrigation Units Farming in Areca Garden in Karnataka Sodic Rearing superba Propagation Pumpsets Azolla Cashewnut Ornamental Cardamom Grain Bamboo Borewell Prawn Feed Sheep Duckery Volume Ashwagandha Processing Godowns Culture Farming III Cultivation with Cultivation Nursery pumpsets Plant in Karnataka Water Development Scheme vera for by Tissue Sprinkler Soil High Tea Large Farm Teak Mud Milk Commercial Poultry Patchouli Testing Plantation Collection Crab Density Machinery Products Fattening Goatery Guava Stations Works Fodder Irrigation Culture Tubewells Biopesticide Vanilla Litchi Pepper Power Kadam Eco-Hatchery Milk Commercial Dairy High Processing Density Products Fencing Under Piggery Unit Aonla Shadenet Plot Lab Cardamom & Soil Small Biofertilizers Coconut Ber Rubber Rice Jatropha Surimi Dudh Calf Annato Rearing Mill Saritha Lift Production Cultivation Health About NABARD I Role and Functions I Subsidiaries I Associates I CIRCULARS I Model Bankable Projects Agriclinic Jasmine Pomegranate Oyster Dal Pongamia Fish Fodder Medicinal Mill Diagnostic Mushroom Development Cultivation for Plants Vermipost Lab (Milk Booth) Counselling Reclamation Rose Farm Forest Mussel Turkey Lemon Mechanisation Nursery Grass Culture of Saline Credit Functions | Developmental and Promotional Functions | Supervisory Functions Reclamation Carnation Regulated Eucalyptus Chitosan Ram-Lamb Preparation Markets Fattening of Acid Soils Salvadora Cactus Bio Poplar Paddy Private Gas Cum Nursery AI Clinic Species Fish Culture Testing Oil Wind Acacia IQF Palm Processing Mills auriculiformis Services Unit NADEP Fig Power Subabul Edible Tiller Oyster Compost Culture Oil Mill Ornamental Fisheries Potato & Banana Intensive Culture carp of Culture culture of whitelegged shrimp Pangassius sutchi
Minor Irrigation

I Chairm an's Sp

Land Development

Plantation / Horticulture

Model Bankable Projects

Agricultural Engineering

Forestry / WasteLand

Fisheries

Fisheries
Paddy Cum Fish Culture

Inves Cred This longrefina facili inten for Inves in agric and a activ

Animal Husbandry

Medicinal & Aromatic Plants

Introduction: Coastal saline soil extends from the main sea coast to a few or even 50 km at places interior to the main land. The ground water table under these soils is generally present at a shallow depth and contains high amount of soluble salts. These salts accumulate on the surface of the soil due to capillary rise of saline groundwater during dry periods of the year rendering the soil highly saline. Almost the entire area of the rain fed coastal saline soil is mono cropped in nature. The major agricultural crop of kharif is rice, grown during monsoon period when soil salinity is low. During the rest of the year, the land usually remains fallow due to high salt content of the soil. The kharif paddy varieties widely used in such areas are Mahsuri, Sadamota, Kalomota, Talmugur, Damodar, Dasal, Getu, Nona-patnai, Jaya, Ratna, Pankaj,

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Tech Servi Depa This divisi the s provi techn issue

State Specific Projects

Organic Farming

Patnai-23, Luni, Cuttackdhandi, Pokkali, Vytilla, Bilikagga, CSR-4, CSR-6, Matla, Hamilton, Palman 579, BKN, RP-6, FR-46B, Arya, etc. Paddy cum brackish water fish/ shrimp culture aims at utilizing the summer fallow period of the coastal saline soil through a short term brackish water aquaculture without affecting the subsequent kharif paddy crop. This type of activity provides the farmers with a substantial subsidiary income during the fallow season. In West Bengal, where the salinity is either low or lowered by fresh water discharge diluting the tidal water, the cultivation of fish is undertaken in paddy fields. In pokkali fields of Kerala, summer fallow months are utilized for brackish water aquaculture. The production of fish in such culture varies from 300 to 1000 kg/ha. The brackish water shrimp culture is introduced in a big way in such areas as the remuneration is very high. The species commonly cultured are Penaeusmonodon,Penaeusindicus,Metapenaeusdobsonii and Metapenaeusmonoceros. Technical Parameters The coastal area is mostly low lying, the elevation varying usually between sea level and 8 m above the MSL. Fields having elevation between low and high tide levels are desirable for water exchange during brackish water aquaculture and also for frequent draining of monsoon water during desalination process. The sluice in the embankment is essential for regulating the flow of tidal and drainage waters. The area having more than 1 m tidal amplitude is considered suitable for paddy cum shrimp culture. Soil quality Medium textured soils like silty clay or silty clay loam are most suitable for paddy cum fish/ shrimp culture. Water quality Heavy monsoon precipitation for the site is essential for desalination of the soil after brackish water aquaculture. Intake of brackish water must be suspended before the onset of monsoon. The cultured species is harvested and then the land is exposed to monsoon precipitation for the purpose of desalination. Pond construction The paddy plots should be renovated suitably for the purpose of paddy cum brackish water aquaculture. Construction of an earthen dyke surrounding the paddy plot is essential for retaining water and also for holding the fish and shrimp during aquaculture. The height of the dyke is required to be maintained between 50 and 100 cm depending upon the topography of the plot and tidal amplitude at the site. A perimeter canal is necessary on the inner periphery of the plot. For a one ha paddy plot, the width and depth of the canal may be about 2 m and 1 m respectively. The earth removed from excavating the canal may be utilized for constructing or strengthening the dyke. In addition to the perimeter canal, two cross trenches of about 1 m width should also be constructed at both the directions. The bottom of the trenches should be above the perimeter canal so that during the course of desalination, entire water can be easily removed to the canal. The area covered by the perimeter canal and the trenches will be about 12% of the total land area. Water supply and drainage The entry of tidal water during the culture is made through feeder canal and the flow of water into the field is regulated by a sluice gate fitted with wooden shutters and placed at about 30 cm height from the main plot. During high tide, water is taken into the plot after sieving through velon nets and split bamboo mats to prevent entry of any kind of fish/ shrimp and other undesirable species, especially carnivores.

Another sluice is used for draining out water from the culture plot to the feeder canal at low tide periods for water exchange, desalination and drainage of excess water. On the entry and exit mouths of the slice gate, wooden shutters are provided to regulate the movement of water. Pond management The plots are prepared in two phases, once for brackish water aquaculture and again for paddy cultivation. For aquaculture crop, the plot is sun dried after the kharif harvest. If necessary, to rectify acidic soils, lime is applied depending on requirement of the soil. Usually no inorganic fertilization is done. However, urea may be used in extreme cases of nitrogen deficiency of soils @ 60 kg N/ha. Some shade zones are provided over the perimeter canal with twigs, hay, palm leaves etc., so that during summer the shrimp can take shelter and also hide themselves from predation. Stocking The paddy field is made ready for stocking and Penaeus monodon or Penaeus indicus are stocked @ 3 nos/sq.m Feeding Although natural food items have good conversion values but they are difficult to procure in large quantities and maintain a continuous supply.Hence only supplementary feed is given Harvesting Complete harvesting can be carried out by draining the pond water through a bag net and hand picking. The average culture period in paddy fields is around 100-120 days during which time the shrimps will grow to 35 gm size (depending on the species). Harvested shrimps can be kept between layers of crushed ice before transporting the consignment to market. Production & Income The expected production for an area of 0.5 ha. is around 350 kg. The income from 0.5 ha. has been assessed to be Rs.87500/-. Marketing Frozen shrimp contributes 70% by value and 30% by volume of our marine products exports. Japan, USA, European Union, South East Asia, China and the Middle East are the major markets for our shrimp. The shrimp catches from the wild are fast dwindling due to over exploitation and culture of shrimp is an alternative to increase shrimp production for export and also for local consumption. Financial outlay Details of the financial requirement for paddy cum shrimp culture in 0.5 ha. area have been indicated in Annexure I. The items and cost indicated under the model are indicative and not exhaustive. While preparing projects for financial assistance the costs have to be assessed taking into account actual field conditions. The projected capital cost for 0.5 ha. unit has been estimated to be Rs.67500 and operational cost for one crop to be Rs.51000. Financial viability The following assumptions have been made for working out the financial viability of the activity taking only aquaculture into account assuming that paddy cultivation was being done prior to taking up aquaculture and will also be continued after taking up

aquaculture. The economics would remain unchanged for paddy, hence not taken into account for calculating economics and repayment.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Pond Size Culture Period Stocking density Survival Size at harvest Expected production Crops per year Farm gate price

0.5 ha 100 to 120 days 3 nos/sq.m 70% 35 gm. 350 kg /0.5 ha One alternating with one paddy crop Rs. 250 / kg

The financial analysis has been shown in Annexure III. The results of the analysis are

(i) NPW at 15% DF : Rs. 105092 (ii) BCR at 15% DF : 1.37:1 IRR is more than 50% Margin money and bank loan The farmer is expected to bring margin money out of his own resources. The rates of margin money stipulated are 5% for small farmers, 10% for medium farmers and 15% for other farmers. Rate of Refinance NABARD provides refinance assistance for paddy cum shrimp culture to commercial banks, cooperative banks and Regional Rural Banks. The rate of refinance is charged as fixed by NABARD from time to time. The long term investments under the above scheme can be disbursed only under schematic lending and cannot be booked under ARF. Interest rate for ultimate borrowers Banks are free to decide the rate of interest within the overall RBI guidelines. However, for working out the financial viability and bankability of the model project we have assumed the rate of interest as 12% per annum. Interest rate for refinance from NABARD As per the policycirculars of NABARD issued from time to time. Repayment Period Repayment of bank loan is possible in 8 years with no moratorium Security Banks may take a decision as per RBI guidelines. Special Conditions 1. Clearance from National Aquaculture Authority for undertaking the activity.

2. Water level to be maintained at 1.5 m, with a minimum of 1.2 m water column. 3. Stocking should not exceed 10 nos/sq.m 4. Seed should be PCR tested. 5. Site feasibility and intake water quality to be ascertained from competent agency like MPEDA / BFDA. 6. Effluent treatment units for WSA of 5 ha. and above. Annexure - I Estimated financial outlay for paddy cum shrimp culture in 0.5 ha water area Capital Cost

Items of Investment

Units Quantum 1,200

Rate (Rs.) 25

Total 30000

1 Modification of the paddy field by digging Cum perimeter canal, trenches, bund construction and compacting & consolidation 2 Inlet / outlet sluices (lump sum) 3 Cost of 3 HP Diesel pump set with accessories and pump shed 4 Nets and other items 5 Miscellaneous Total Operational Cost for one crop Nos

6250 LS LS LS

12500 20000 2000 3000 67500

Units 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Seed Removal of predator Fertilizers and liming Diesel cost (for pump) Feed Pump set maintenance Harvesting and marketing charges Miscellaneous Total Annexure II Production & Income Kg Nos

Quantum 15000

Rate (Rs.) 0.50 LS LS LS

Total 7500 500 1000 2500 31500 3000 2500 2500 51000

700

Rs 45/kg LS LS

1 2 3

Survival Average weight at harvest (gms) Total production (kg)

70% 35 350

4 5 6

Farm gate price (Rs) Number of crops per annum Income per crop (Rs.)

250 1 87500

Annexure III Financial Analysis (Amt. in Rs.) Items 1 Capital cost Recurring cost Total cost Income 67500 51000 51000 51000 51000 87500 36500 33533 57533 51000 51000 87500 36500 29159 50028 51000 51000 87500 36500 25356 43503 51000 51000 87500 36500 22049 37829 51000 51000 87500 36500 19173 32894 51000 51000 87500 36500 16672 28604 2 3 4 Years 5 6 7 8

118500 51000 87500 87500

Net Benefits -31000 36500 PW of costs 103043 38563 @ 15% DF PW of benefits @ 15% DF NPW BCR IRR Annexure IV Repayment Schedule 76087 66163

105092 1.37:1 >50%

Capital cost :Rs. 67500 Operational cost :Rs. 51000 Total financial outlay :Rs. 118500 Margin money @ 5% of TFO :Rs. 5925 Total loan amount :Rs. 112575 Say :Rs. 112600 (Amt. in Rs.) Year Principal Gross Interest surplus @ 12% 36500 36500 36500 36500 36500 36500 36500 13512 11832 10152 8472 6792 5112 3432 Repayment Principal 14000 14000 14000 14000 14000 14000 14000 Interest 13512 11832 10152 8472 6792 5112 3432 Total 27512 25832 24152 22472 20792 19112 17432 Net Surplus 8988 10668 12348 14028 15708 17388 19068

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

112600 98600 84600 70600 56600 42600 28600

14600

36500

1752

14600

1752

16352

20148

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NABARD 2007

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