Pica is a medical disorder characterized by an appetite for substances largely non-nutritive (e.g.

metal (coins, etc), clay, coal, soil, feces, chalk, paper, soap, mucus, ash, gum, etc.) or an abnormal appetite for some things that may be considered foods, such as food ingredients (e.g., flour, raw potato, raw rice, starch, ice cubes, salt). In order for these actions to be considered pica, they must persist for more than one month at an age where eating such objects is considered developmentally inappropriate. The condition's name comes from the Latin word for magpie, a bird which is reputed to eat almost anything. Pica is seen in all ages, particularly in pregnant women, small children, and those with developmental disabilities. Rumination syndrome or Merycism is an underdiagnosed chronic eating disorder, characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption. There is no retching, nausea, heartburn, odours, or abdominal pains associated with the regurgitation, as there is with typical vomiting. The disorder has been historically documented as affecting only infants, young children, and people with cognitive disabilities (where the prevalence is as high as 10% in institutionalized patients with various mental disabilities). Today it is being diagnosed in increasing numbers of otherwise healthy adolescents and adults, though there is a lack of awareness of the condition by doctors, patients and the general public.

Tourette syndrome (also called Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, GTS or, more commonly, simply Tourette's or TS) is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by the presence of multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic; these tics characteristically wax and wane. Tourette's is defined as part of a spectrum of tic disorders, which includes transient and chronic tics. Chronic Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder. This disorder is characterized either by rapid, recurrent, uncontrollable movements or by vocal outbursts, but not both, that have been present nearly daily for more than a year without a period free of the problem longer than three months. These repeated uncontrollable bursts of activity or speech are called tics. This Tic Disorder is diagnosed when either motor (Rapid, recurrent movement of the arms, legs, or other areas) or vocal (Vocalizations) grunts, abdominal ar diaphragmatic contractions. But not both - see Tourette's tics (sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization) are experienced persistently.

Separation anxiety disorder is a psychological condition in which an individual experiences excessive anxiety regarding separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (like a father and mother). It becomes a disorder when the separation reaction The term "feeding disorder" refers to a condition in becomes strong enough to impair people's ability to which an infant or child is unable or refuses to eat, or conduct their day to day lives and relationships. has difficulty eating, which can result in frequent illnesses, failure to grow normally, and even death. Selective Mutism is a rare condition occurring in Feeding disorders should not be confused with eating childhood. Selective Mutism is characterized by a disorders, such as anorexia, which are more common consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in adolescence and adulthood. Some common types in which there is an expectation for speaking. of feeding disorders in children include adipsia, Children with this disorder have the ability to both which is the absence of thirst or the desire to drink; speak and understand language, but fail to use this dysphagia, a real or imagined difficulty in ability. Most children who experience selective swallowing; food refusal; inability to self-feed; mutism function normally in other areas of their taking too long to eat; choking, gagging, or vomiting lives. Selective mutism is not a communications when eating; inappropriate mealtime behavior; and disorder and is not part of a developmental disorder. picky eating according to food type and texture. Therefore by definition, the disorder does not include children with conduct disorders, oppositional defiant behavior, and/or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Reactive attachment disorder is a rare but serious condition in which infants and young children don't establish healthy bonds with parents or caregivers. A child with reactive attachment disorder is typically neglected, abused, or moved multiple times from one caregiver to another. Because the child's basic needs for comfort, affection and nurturing aren't met, he or she never establishes loving and caring attachments with others. This may permanently alter the child's growing brain and hurt their ability to establish future relationships. Reactive attachment disorder is a lifelong condition, but with treatment children can develop more stable and healthy relationships with caregivers and others. Safe and proven treatments for reactive attachment disorder include psychological counseling and parent or caregiver education.

Stereotypic movement disorder is a disorder of childhood involving repetitive, nonfunctional motor behavior (e.g., hand waving or head banging), that markedly interferes with normal activities or results in bodily injury, and persists for four weeks or longer. The behavior must not be due to the direct effects of a substance or another medical condition. In cases when mental retardation is present, the stereotypic or self-injurious behavior must be of sufficient severity to become the focus of treatment. The behavior is not better explained as a compulsion (e.g., OCD), a tic, a stereotypy as part of a Pervasive Developmental Disorder, or hair pulling (trichotillomania)