Exemplication Booklet January 2009

GCE

GCE Chemistry 6CH01

Helping you to raise attainment

www.resultsplus.edexcel.com
Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750 Registered Ofce: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH

Edexcel is one of the leading examining and awarding bodies in the UK and throughout the world. We provide a wide range of qualications including academic, vocational, occupational and specic programmes for employers. Through a network of UK and overseas ofces, Edexcels centres receive the support they need to help them deliver their education and training programmes to learners. For further information, please call our GCE line on 0844 576 0025, our GCSE team on 0844 576 0027, or visit our website at www.edexcel.com. If you have any subject specic questions about the content of this Examiners Report that require the help of a subject specialist, you may nd our Ask The Expert email service helpful. Ask The Expert can be accessed online at the following link: http://www.edexcel.com/Aboutus/contact-us/

Alternately, you can speak directly to a subject specialist at Edexcel on our dedicated Science telephone line: 0844 576 0037

ResultsPlus is our unique performance improvement service for you and your students. It helps you to:

Raise attainment - by providing in-depth analysis of where your class did well and not so well, enabling you to identify areas to focus on/make improvements. Spot performance trends at a glance by accessing one-click reports. You can even choose to compare your cohorts performance against other schools throughout the UK. Personalise your students learning by reviewing how each student performed, by question and paper you can use the detailed analysis to shape future learning. Meet the needs of your students on results day by having immediate visibility of their exam performance at your ngertips to advise on results.

To nd out more about ResultsPlus and for a demonstration visit http://resultsplus.edexcel.org.uk/home

January 2009 All the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Ltd 2009

Contents 1

Contents
Chemistry 6CH01 Introduction Questions with examples Question 19(d) Question 21(c)(ii) Question 21(c)(iii) Question 22(b) Question 24(e) 3 6 9 12 15 2

Chemistry 6CH01 2

Introduction
AS units of the new GCE2008 specications were sat for the rst time in January 2009. As support for teachers, this booklet has been prepared as an exemplication of how marks were awarded to the written paper for Chemistry 6CH01 during the January 2009 examination. It features work produced by the candidates in the actual examination. It contains the questions and mark schemes, together with examples of student answers. It gives the marks awarded for each exemplar response plus commentary by senior examiners. It does not include exemplars for every question on the paper, but only those where contrasting levels of response could be produced.

Chemistry 6CH01 3

Question 19d
Question Number 19(d) QWC Acceptable Answers Magnesium ion / Mg2+ has a larger charge (density) (than the sodium ion / Na+ ) OR Magnesium/Mg/Mg atom/Mg2+ (ion) contributes two electrons/more electrons (to the sea of electrons) (1) magnesium ions / Mg2+ smaller (than sodium ions) (1) NOTE Mg2+ is smaller than Na+ would score rst 2 marks above magnesium ions / Mg2+ have greater attraction for (sea of) electrons (than sodium ions / Na+) OR More energy/heat required to overcome (attractive) forces/bonds (between cations and sea of electrons) in magnesium (compared to sodium) (1) Mark each point independently Reject Any references to the bonding being ionic scores (0) overall

Any references to molecules/ intermolecular forces scores (0) overall

JUST stronger bonds in Mg

JUST stronger bonds in Mg

Chemistry 6CH01 4

Example scoring 2 marks

Examiner Comments
1st scoring point: Idea of Mg atom providing two delocalised electrons per atom whereas Na atom provides one delocalised electron per atom. (First available mark on Mark Scheme.) 2nd scoring point: More energy to overcome the forces (in Mg implied). (Third available mark on the Mark Scheme.)

Chemistry 6CH01 5

Example scoring 1 mark

Examiner Comments
Scores one mark (see third available mark on Mark Scheme). It is implied that more energy is needed to overcome the attractions between the positive ions and electrons in Mg (it is necessary to read Lines 1-3 and then Line 6 of this answer).

Chemistry 6CH01 6

Question 21c(ii)
Question Number 21(c)(ii) QWC Acceptable Answers More protons / greater nuclear charge/proton number increases (1) ALLOW effective nuclear charge increases across the Period outer electrons in same shell / energy level OR same shielding OR similar shielding OR decrease in atomic radius OR outer electron closer to nucleus OR attracting the same number of (occupied) electron shells / energy levels (1) greater (force of) attraction between nucleus and (outer) electron(s) / (outer) electron(s) held more strongly by nucleus (1) Mark each point independently Reject Just increasing atomic number

Chemistry 6CH01 7

Example scoring 3 marks

Examiner Comments
... atomic radius decreases... (scores second available mark on Mark Scheme) ... as the number of protons increases. (scores rst available mark on Mark Scheme). ...harder to remove an electron as the positive charge will be pulling strongly on the electrons. (scores third available mark on Mark Scheme).

Chemistry 6CH01 8

Example scoring 2 marks

Examiner Comments
Scores rst available mark for ... more protons in the nucleus... ... so they (assumed to be protons) have a stronger force of attraction on the outer shell electrons... scores third available mark (idea of outer electrons being more strongly held by the nucleus).

Chemistry 6CH01 9

Question 21c(iii)
Question Number 21(c)(iii) QWC Acceptable Answers (Outermost) electron in (3-)p sub-shell/sub-level/orbital (1) of higher energy OR (slightly) shielded by (3-)s (electrons) OR (sub-shell) further from nucleus (1) NOTE: Penalise use of the terms s-shell or pshell once only. Reject Mark 2

Chemistry 6CH01 10

Example scoring 1 mark

Examiner Comments
Scores (1) for the idea that the outermost electron in aluminium atom (which will be lost) is in a p sub-shell. No mention of this electron being shielded by the 3s2 electrons or that the 3p electron is in an orbital of higher energy than the 3s electron in the magnesium atom.

Chemistry 6CH01 11

Q21c(iii) Example scoring 0 marks

Examiner Comments
No rst mark no mention of (outermost) electron in a 3p orbital in an aluminium atom. No second mark incorrect statement made, as there are not more occupied electron shells in an aluminium atom compared with a magnesium atom. Quality of written communication is important here (for example, making the distinction between shells and sub-shells).

Chemistry 6CH01 12

Question 22b
Question Number 22(b) Acceptable Answers (Dative) pair of e- between N and O (1) Three bond pairs between N and N (1) Lone pair on left-hand N and three lone pairs on O atom (1)
X X x

Reject

Mark 3

X X

ALLOW dots and crosses OR all dots OR all crosses Stand alone marks Non-bonding electrons on N and O do not have to be shown in pairs

Chemistry 6CH01 13

Example scoring 3 marks

Examiner Comments
All electrons correctly shown. 3 marks awarded.

Chemistry 6CH01 14

Example scoring 1 mark

Examiner Comments
Three bond pairs of electrons scores (1) for triple bond between N atoms. Dative bond (which is a single bond) is shown as a double bond so (0). One lone pair of electrons is missing from the O atom, so (0).

Chemistry 6CH01 15

Question 24e
Question Number 24(e)(i) Acceptable Answers Enthalpy change Step A: (C-H) + - (H-Cl) = + 413 + (-432) = - 19 (kJ mol-1) (1) Correct answer with no working (1) Enthalpy change Step B: (C-H) + - (C-Cl) = + 413 + (-346) = (+) 67 (kJ mol-1) (1) Correct answer with no working (1) NOTE Both values correct scores (3) One of the two values correct scores (2) NOTE Neither value is correct, but a clear statement that H = bonds broken + bonds made scores (1) Reject Mark 3

(+)19 scores (0) for this mark

-67 scores (0) for this mark

Chemistry 6CH01 16

Question Number 24(e)(ii)

Acceptable Answers Step A as (H) is negative/exothermic (compared with a positive/endothermic value for Step B) OR Step A as it is the more energetically favourable Mark CQ on the energy changes in (e)(i) e.g if +19 and -67 given in (e)(i), Step B will be justied for the CQ mark; e.g. if both values endothermic, selects the less endothermic value OR if both values exothermic, selects the more exothermic value IGNORE statements such as no harmful by-products etc.

Reject

Mark 1

Chemistry 6CH01 17

Example scoring (i) 3 marks (ii) 1 mark

Examiner Comments
(i) Scores all three marks (both enthalpy changes are correct, with working shown). Note +67 kJ mol-1 is preferred to just 67 kJ mol-1 as the +ve sign is the convention for an endothermic process. No mark was deducted for this omission on this occasion. Negative signs for exothermic processes and positive signs for endothermic processes should always be included.

Chemistry 6CH01 18

Examiner Comments
(ii) The mark was awarded for stating that Step A is exothermic. Quality of communication could be better here (less energy needed implies energy is required although the step is exothermic overall. This slight lack of clarity was ignored on this occasion).

Chemistry 6CH01 19

Example scoring (i) 2 marks (ii) 1 mark

Examiner Comments
(i) Scores 2 marks for a correct enthalpy change (i.e. +67 kJ mol-1), with working shown.

Examiner Comments
(ii) Scores the mark for a consequentially correct response, following on from the enthalpy changes calculated in part (i).

Further copies of this publication are available from Edexcel Publications, Adamsway, Manseld, Notts, NG18 4FN

For more information on Edexcel qualications, please visit www.edexcel.com/quals

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales no.4496750 Registered Ofce: One90 High Holborn, London, WC1V 7BH