SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS FOR TUTORIAL 1 (GEOMETRICAL OPTICS) 1.

A convex mirror of radius of curvature 40 cm forms an image which is half the height of the object. Find the object and image position. Ans : ( 20 cm, 10 cm behind the mirror ) Solution. r = 40 cm hI = ho u=? v=?
1 ho v hI 1 = =2 = u ho ho 2 @ v =0.5 u

r f = =20 cm 2
1 1 1 + = u v f 1 1 1 + = u ( 0.5 u ) 20

1 2 1 = u u 20 1 1 = u 20 u= 20 cm v= 10 cm

# #

2. An object is placed 5.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a 10.0 cm focal length. Find the location of the image and its characteristics.

Ans : (-10 cm, m =-2, virtual, upright and located behind the mirror) Solution. u = 5 cm f = 10 cm v=? 1 1 1 + = u v f 1 1 1 + = 5 v 10 1 1 1 = v 10 5 @ v = 10 cm #
virtual , upright , enlarged

3. draw the ray diagrams showing how the images of an object placed at different location in front of concave mirror are formed. i. u > c ii. f < u < c iii. u = c iv. u < f Solution. i. u > c

ii. f < u < c

iii. u = c

iv. u < f

4. An object is placed 12 cm from the surface of spherical mirror. If an erect image is formed that is one-third the size of the object, what is the radius of the mirror? Is it converging or diverging?

Ans : ( -6 cm, diverging ) Solution. u = 12 cm hI = r=?

1 ho v hI 3 = = u ho ho 1 v = (12 ) =4 cm 3
1 1 1 + = u v f 1 1 1 = 12 4 f f =6 cm

1 ho 3

diverging lens

5. A light ray of wavelength 589 nm in vacuum passes through a piece of silica (n = 1.458). a. Find the speed of light in silica. b. What is the wavelength of this light in silica ? c. Find the frequency of the light. Solution.
9 =589 nm =589 10 m

Ans: ( 2.06 x 108 ms-1) Ans:( 404 nm ) Ans:( 5.09 x 1014 Hz)

n = 1.458 (a) n =
c vs 10 8 c 3 = =2.06 10 8 m s 1 # n 1.458

vs =

(b) n =

589 = =404 nm # n 1.458

s =

f (c) c =

3 10 8 f = =5.09 1014 Hz # 589 10 9

6. A light ray of wavelength 589 nm moves from inside the glass ( n = 1.52 ) toward the glass-air interface at an angle of 30.0 0 to the normal. Determine the angle of refraction. normal ) Solution.
9 =589 nm =589 10 m

Ans:(49.5 0 away from the

n = 1.52 i = 30 r=?
sin i 1 = sin r 1.52 sin r = 1.52 sin i = 1.52 sin 30 r =49.5

7. You are given a thin diverging lens. You find that a beam of parallel rays spreads out after passing through the lens as though all the rays came from a point 20.0 cm from the center of the lens. If you want to use this lens to form an erect virtual image that is 1/3 the height of the object, Ans: (40 cm) Solution. f = - 20 cm hI = u=?
v hI 1 = = u ho 3 1 v = u 3
1 ho 3

where should the object be placed?

1 1 1 + = u v f 1 3 1 = u u 20 2 1 = u 20 u =40 cm

8. The left end of a long glass rod 7.00 cm in diameter has a convex hemispherical surface 3.50 cm in radius. The refractive index of the glass is1.50. Determine the position of the image if an object is placed in air on the axis of the rod at the following distances to the left of the vertex of the curved end infinitely bar a. b. 16.0 cm 4.00 cm Ans: (+18.75 cm ) (Ans: -13.64 cm )

Solution. n1 = 1 n2 = 1.5 d = 7 cm r = + 3.5 cm (a) u = + 16.0 cm

n1 n2 n n1 + = 2 u v r 1 1.5 1.5 1 + = 16 v 3.5 1.5 1 = 0.14 v 16 1.5 v= 0.08 v = +18.75 cm #

(b)

u = 4.00 cm

n1 n 2 n n1 + = 2 u v r 1 1 .5 1 .5 1 + = 4 v 3 .5 1 .5 1 = 0.14 v 4 1 .5 v = 0.11 v = 13.64 cm #

9. A thin convex mirror A, a point source B, a thin convex lens C of focal length 15cm, and a screen are arranged in such away that an axis passes through them, as shown in figure. A sharp image is formed when light from B is reflected by A, refracted by C and finally incident on the screen. Determine the radius of the mirror. Ans: (-24 cm ) Solution.

Refer to the diagram shown in figure. If we only look at the lens, we will notice that light source appears to be at I1 acts as an object.
u1 =distance of I from the lens v1 =+25cm f1 = +15cm 1 1 1 = + f 1 u1 v1 1 1 1 = + +15 u1 +25 u1 = + 37.5 cm #

Next, consider the mirror only. Now I1 is the virtual image of the point source B. we have

u 2 = + 20cm v 2 = (u1 20 10)cm = (37.5 30) = 7.5cm 1 1 1 = + f 2 u 2 v2 1 1 = + + 20 7.5 f 2 = 12cm radius of curvature = 2 f 2 = 2( 12) 24cm

10. An object is 20 cm to the left of a thin diverging lens having a 30 cm focal length. What is the image distance? Find the image distance with a ray diagram. Ans: (-12cm ) Solution. u = 20 cm f = - 30 cm (diverging lens)
1 1 1 + = u v f 1 1 1 + = + 20 v 30 1 1 1 = v 30 20 v = 12 cm #

With a ray diagram,

v u

11. A lens is made of glass having an index of refraction of 1.5. One side of the lens is flat, and the other is convex with a radius of curvature of 20 cm. a. Find the focal length of the lens. (+40cm) Ans:

b. If an object is placed 40 cm in front of the lens, where will the image be located? Ans:( 0 cm) Solution. n = 1.5 r1 =

r2 = + 20 cm (a) From the equations of thin lens,

1 1 1 = ( n 1) r + r f 2 1 1 1 = (1.5 1) + 20 f = + 40 cm #

(b)

u = 40 cm
1 1 1 + = u v f 1 1 1 = v f u 1 1 = 40 40 v = 0 cm # the image will be located on the lens surface.