Business factors that underpin human resources planning in an organization: Human resource planning has traditionally been used

by organizations to ensure that the right person is in the right job at the right time. Under past conditions of relative environmental certainty and stability, human resource planning focused on the short term and was dictated largely by line management concerns. Increasing environmental instability, demographic shifts, changes in technology, and heightened international competition are changing the need for and the nature of human resource planning in leading organizations. In order to adequately address human resource related concerns, one must develop long-term as well as short term solutions (Michael McConnell, 2004). Human resource planning is the process of anticipating and carrying out the movement of people into, within, and out of the organization. Human resources planning is done to achieve the optimum use of human resources and to have the correct number and types of employees needed to meet organizational goals. Human resource planning is the process of systematically reviewing HR requirements in an organization to ensure that the required numbers of employees with the required skills are available when and where they are needed (Michael McConnell, 2004). Human resource planning includes four factors such as a) how many employees do we needed b) which skills, knowledge and abilities are needed c) where does we need the employees and d) when do we need the employees and how long do we need them. Accordingly, human resource planning can be defined as the task of assessing and anticipating the skill, knowledge and labor time requirements of the organization, and initiating action to fulfill those requirements. Thus, if the organization as a whole or one of its subsystems is not performing to the benchmark, it may need to plan redeploys its existing labour force. On the other hand, if it is growing or diversifying, it might need to find and tap into a source of suitably skilled labour. In case Yash Limited, the owner-manager has very aggressive plans for the next five years and the business is expected to grow 100% in case of taxi business, 200% in cash of tyre fitting business and 300% in case of wheel alignment business. Accordingly, in line with the business strategy and forecast placing right people in right place at the right time is very critical. In doing so figure out the man power requirement in next one year on a shot term basis, figure out the projected customer base based on the historical data and market feed back, figure out the expenses, figure out the best staffing structure for the business needs and be realistic and not be overambitious keeping in mind that the company is only one year old and relatively new. Initiate implementing a system for taxi drivers controls since the biggest staff strength is going to be taxi drivers. Prior to starting the duty on every shift the drivers to be log-in to the system which needs to be online connected to office and will have an update that how many of them are in duty at a given point in time. As the organization is growing leveraging on IT would be a critical factor. From the cost control point of view keep a track on which drivers are making more accidents/other issues and find out the exact reason and arrange for the proper training not to recur the incident. Tyre fitting business and wheel alignment business can be looked in to from the business volume point of view and the staff strength need not to be doubled at this point and instead can be

worked on shift basis for the first three months and view and revise the strategy accordingly. It is important in this area to eliminate the duplication of work to maximum utilize the man power with limited cost. Once the long term strategy for the three year is finalized the same split down further in to yearly plans and implementation process for the plan on yearly basis can be done. The company being in the initial growth path with aggressive growth plans it is pertinent to have the cost control in all possible areas and the jobs related to logistics etc can be outsourced to reduce the costs and increase the profitability. At the end of the day having right people at the right place is most critical and need to be reviewed on a regular basis.

Human Resource requirement in an organization: Human resources is a term used to describe the individuals who make up the workforce of an organization and is the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals. A successful Human Resources Development program prepares the individual to undertake a higher level of work. HR development is the framework that focuses on the organizations competencies at the first stage, training, and then developing the employee to satisfy the organizations long-term needs and the individuals career goals and employee value to their present and future employers (Richard L Draft, 2008). An organizations human resource management strategy should maximize return on investment in the organizations human capital and minimize financial risk. HR managers of the organizations seek to achieve this by aligning the supply of skilled and qualified individuals and the capabilities of the current workforce, with organizations ongoing and future business plans and requirements to maximize return on investment and secure future survival and success. The human resource function is to implement an organizations human resource requirements effectively, taking into account of all the applicable laws i.e. federal, state and local labour laws and regulations, ethical business practices and net cost, to maximize employee motivation, commitment and productivity (Susan Jackson, 2006). In case of Yash, with the projected growth in all the three line of business, need to find out what kind of people we want during the first year. The maximum man power requirement would be in taxi business. However, we need not double the existing strength of drivers from 14 to 28 with immediate affect and instead can see the possibility of increasing the efficiency level by increasing the staff by 50% in the initial stage and see the impact. Also can be done on shift basis and can be implement some encouraging overtime plans to promote drivers to work some overtime as well than hiring new employees on a full time basis with doubling the strength in one go. In line with the plan in addition to hiring new taxi drivers, we should look at the areas like mechanics, fitters, receptionist, taxi controller, accountant, cashiers, computer operator, logistics executive etc. It is pertinent to note that it is advisable not to hire all the required field specialists immediately and non critical areas like cashier, receptionist etc were we dont have to go for a specialist like mechanics, fitters etc can go for a two-in-one plan in the initial stage. However, on

a later stage based on the improved business performance the staff strength can be slowly segregated as volume increases. Look at the possibilities of outsourcing as well in the initial stage for the jobs like logistics etc. During the first year the staff strength of remaining two lines of businesses (except tax drivers) can increase only 25% and can arrange with a shift plan and can hire some part time workers if required at a cheaper price. Review the business performance on a quarterly basis and increase the staff strength of other two line of business slowly and steadily. It is important that employees being hired on a permanent basis are experienced and go on board immediately to take maximum advantage in line with the aggressive business growth plans. Develop a Human Resources plan for an organization: Human resources management encompasses many key functions within an organization, with ultimate responsibility for management of staffing, benefits, compensation, employee relations and training. Top HR managers act as a consultant to executive leadership in strategizing to hire and keep the best employees, increase productivity and maintain adequate return on investment. With knowledge of federal and state laws that affect employees, HR management creates policies that shape a company (Sniffen, 1998). Key factors of HR plan are Staffing, Benefits Management, Compensation and Performance Management and employee relations and roles of each factor summarize below: Staffing: Hiring and retaining the best employees is a major responsibility of human resources management. HR managers are responsible for each piece of the staffing which begins with recruitment, finding the candidates through advertising, internal promotion, agencies and networking, screening candidates, conducting pre-employment testing and coordinating interviews. HR maintains resumes and works with departmental management to create written job descriptions for each position within the company. Benefits Management: HR is responsible for all aspects of employee benefits management. Benefits may include health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, leave of absence and disability, among other programs. HR management is responsible for the selection of programs, administration of benefits, vendor relationships, employee benefit communications and the enrollment process. HR also oversees the administration of mandatory programs such as the Family Medical Leave Act, Worker's Compensation, unemployment compensation etc. Compensation and Performance Management: Compensation includes wages and salary, incentive programs, bonuses and stock options paid to employees. HR researches competitive salaries and makes recommendations for pay structure by position. Additionally, HR coordinates performance management reviews, providing guidelines, training and documentation for managers to complete bi-annual or annual staff performance evaluations. Performance evaluations may be tied to pay raises and promotions, both of which are coordinated with HR. Employee Relations: Maintaining good relations between employer and employee and macro level falls under HR and HR works as neutral branch of the company that represents both employer and employee. HR is involved with every hiring and firing incident, providing information to both management and staff as necessary. HR is often the intermediary in conflict resolution between manager and staff, offering a platform for both to bring forward confidential issues.

In case of Yash, manpower requirement for the next three years based on the business projections needs to be assessed. To do this first the period needs to be divided in to each year and see the requirement in each year. Based on the next one year plan what will be the requirement and how can we bring them on board. In case of taxi drivers there are no further training required bringing them on board, however, the performance review to be conducted in case of newly hired drivers on monthly basis to ensure that they are good in their field. Necessary support/training can be provided to them as well if required. Instead of doubling the manpower requirement of taxi drivers in one go from 14 to 28 we can increase this staff strength on a gradual basis i.e. the one year plan can be further sub-divided over four quarter and hire three in each quarter. Based on the performance review in three months continue with the satisfied ones and go for addition. However, in the other two line of business it is pertinent that either you hire experienced worker at a higher cost to get them on board immediately or ensure necessary training is provided to them till they get on board and fully aware about the job for smooth operations and less complaints. Being relatively new entity instead of setting up a dedicated training centre with advanced technology it is advisable to conduct basic trainings internally and for the advanced training, like tyre alignment and fittings etc. to be conducted externally to further sharpen the skills of the workers and maximize the productivity. Accordingly, the man power requirement for the first year can be reviewed on a quarterly basis and upon completion of first year the full year review to be conducted and based on the business performance and requirement necessary amendment can be done for the next two years as a long term plan. Contribution of Human Resources Plan in meeting organizations objectives: Strategic HR planning is an important component of strategic HR management and it links directly to the overall strategic plan of an organization. Most of the organizations have a strategic plan that guides them in successfully meeting their missions. Based on the strategic plan organization can develop a strategic HR plan that will allow to make HR management decisions to support the future direction of the organization. Strategic HR planning is also important from a budgetary point of view to factor the costs of recruitment, training, etc. into organization's operating budget. (Richard L Draft, 2008). The overall purpose of strategic HR planning is to ensure adequate human resources to meet the strategic goals and operational plans of your organization - the right people with the right skills at the right time. Keep up with social, economic, legislative and technological trends that impact on human resources in your area and in the sector. Remain flexible so that the organization can manage change if the future is different than anticipated. In line with the aggressive growth plan of the company it is pertinent that HR plan is also contributed in the performance of the company with the same pace to be in line and to meet common objective. After reviewing the requirement for the next three years make the plan for recruitment, compensation and retention plan of employees. In case of taxi drivers make necessary assessment and look at the experience on hand prior to hiring and decide the compensation accordingly. The pay scale can be divided in to three based on the experience and

based on the work history in case of taxi drivers. The training required in their case will be very limited however cannot be eliminated and can be conducted internally through the most experienced drivers. However, in case of tyre fitting and wheel alignment business it is important to hire experienced workers to have a trouble free operation. Since huge investment was made in case of wheel alignment it is important to ensure that the workers operating is well experienced to make use of the machine at maximum to get the best possible output. In case of new hiring in wheel alignment business, external training can be conducted, though expensive can be beneficial on a long term basis. Upon completion of one year few well experienced fitters can be chosen and send for a full fledged training for one-two months to gain knowledge in mechanical side, and fresh fitters can be hired during this period to replace them to ensure that the operation is not affected. Upon their return from training they can directly deployed to a small garage opened by the owner manager to do the maintenance of taxis. Hence external dependence on maintenance can be avoided and can cater internally to reduce the cost. Find out the route cause of 20% resignation in each year from the taxi drivers. Ensure to conduct the exit interview with each outgoing employees to figure out the exact reason for leaving the organization. Find out which level of drivers are leaving, are they experienced or newly joined or over aged etc. If the pattern continued make the newly joined drivers locked for first two years through a bond signed with the company to ensure that they continue at least the first two years. Through a market survey ensure that the compensation is in line with the market and the working hours are reasonable and compensated appropriately if they work overtime. The other issues like work-life balance, work culture, attitude of boss (taxi controller) towards drivers etc need to be reviewed in details to find our the route cause of 20% resignation of every year and see the possibility of eliminating this to a nil level or to reduce to an acceptable level of 5-10% from next year onwards. Performance objectives to be set for each division and should be applicable for all employees at all level and HR should have a close watch on this. In view of the highly ambitioned growth plan it is pertinent to note that the performance of entire staff is formally reviewed on a quarterly basis and related issues/deficiencies are addressed to owner manager for necessary amendments and improvement to achieve the common goal. To improve performance the yearly performance bonus reward plans can be formally announced to ensure that the employees are giving their best to get the maximum out put to achieve the target results on an overall basis. Purpose of Human Resources management policies: HR policies ensure that everyone is treated fairly and consistently and that their contributions to the success of the company are appropriately recognized and rewarded. All employees shall be fully aware of what the company expects of them and what they, in return, should expect from the company. HR Policies summarize the company's responsibility to individuals and their responsibility to the Company.

Straight-forward, clear and concise HR policies and procedures including job descriptions are important for a number of reasons. Failing to implement policies and procedures leaves the company to open to legal challenges, grievances and lawsuits, especially if inconsistently apply your human resources policies and pay structure/system which leads to increased costs that affect your profits, increased turnover and negative morale. This can be avoided if HR policies, procedures and job descriptions are in place and implemented well. This ensures that the staffs are treated equally across a variety of employment issues. Having a HR policy in place and implemented successfully ensure consistency in dealing various issues in the company internally and externally. It gives fairness in dealing employee related issues at all levels no matter what position he or she is in to. It helps to build a trustworthy relationship between the employee and the employer as if the employee is treated well it will definitely reflect in his/her performance resulting building a rapport with the employer. Having a policy in place clearly indicate the benefits of employees at all levels in addition to monthly remunerations like, at what level one can get transportation allowance and at which level one can get a car provided by the company etc leading less disputes between employees and management. It is pertinent to have an HR policy in place as it clearly indicates what is acceptable and non acceptable behavior in an organization. There will be an vagueness in all the areas directly or indirectly related to HR in an organization if the HR policy and procedure is not in place and implemented well hence it is one of most critical factor in an organization to have the same in place and implemented appropriately. Impact of regulatory requirements on Human Resources policies: The HR Department has many legal laws, safety laws and requirements to abide by to prevent law suits against companies and must follow the rules given by the department of Labor and other applicable laws in the country they are in to. Each law is accompanied by a set of regulations cover all aspects about the law. These laws were put in place to prevent any employee from feeling like they can fire or mistreat any employee without probable cause. The HR is responsible for keeping records, writing and implementing good HR policies and monitoring the firms Human Resource Department closely. It is pertinent that HR is fully aware about the regulatory norms and requirements on federal as well as on state level and ensure that the same is included in HR policies. Minimum wages, number of working hours, leave policy, overtime payments if any etc stated in the HR policy should be in line with the requirement of local regulatory and should not be conflicting. Necessary amendments in line with the amendments in regulatory requirements need to be done on an ongoing basis to avoid any possible conflict between the employee and employer. Conclusion: Developing a successful Human Resources Development plan for an organization is one of the critical factors in any organization and to implement a well written HR policy and guidelines is necessary to achieve the common goal in an organization. The HR function is a high-valueadded part of the organization and plays a key role in developing and implementing corporate strategy mainly due to growing importance of human capital in organizational success. The HR

function needs to be more effective as a strategic partner in the organization rather than a purely administrative function. Such an HR function will drive and deliver change rather than just react to it. In order to achieve this highly desired prize, the HR function must develop its ability to measure how HR decisions affect the organization and how the decisions taken by the organization affect human capital.