1.

Objectives
To give a simple demonstration of how the temperature of fixed amount of gas changes as its pressure changes.

2. Introduction & Theory

In this experiment, the relationship between pressure and temperature has been demonstrated using Boyl's Law Apparatus and studying the state of this relation Gay-lussac's law. Gay-Lussac's law, or the pressure law, was found by Joseph Louis GayLussac in 1809. It states that the pressure exerted on a container's sides by an ideal gas is proportional to its temperature.

= 3. List of Apparatus
1. Boyle's Law apparatus. 2. Hand pump. 3. User Guide for Boyle's Law apparatus.

 A self-contained bench-top experiment - no power supply needed Highly visual experiment using a liquid piston for reliability and
accurate, repeatable results Simple and safe to use - needs no tools Includes a thermocouple and digital display to help maintain constant temperature and show how compression and decompression of a gas can affect its temperature Supplied with hand-operated pumps to compress or decompress the gas (air) above and below atmospheric pressure Can connect to TecQuipments Versatile Data Acquisition System (VDAS)

4. Procedure:
a. Part I (Increasing Pressure)
1. Make sure the equipment is level, open the air vents at top of each vessel and check that the oil reaches the fill level mark. 2. Connect the bicycle-style pump to the one-way valve marked pressure. 3. Turn on the two-way valve towards the pressure connector.(To the left) 4. Connect the digital temperature display and switch it on. 5. Shut the air vent at the top of each vessel. 6. Note the air temperature in the test cylinder. 7. Use the bicycle style pump to quickly increase the pressure in the test cylinder almost to 0.6 bar (gauge) and note the temperature increase. Try to reach the pressure in less than 30 seconds. When you reach 0.6 bars, note how long it take to return back to its original value. 8. Slowly open the air vent in the reservoir to allow the pressure to return back to ambient. 9. Repeat the test using the pump more slowly and note the difference. 10. Slowly open the air vent of the reservoir to allow the pressure to return back to ambient.

b. Part II (Decreasing Pressure)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Open both air vents. Connect the vacuum pump to the one-way valve marked vacuum. Turn the two-way towards the vacuum connector.(to the right) Shut both air vents. Note the air temperature in the test cylinder. Use the vacuum pump to quickly decrease the pressure in the test cylinder almost to -0.6 bar (gauge) and note the temperature decrease. Try to reach the pressure in less than 30 seconds. When you reach -0.6 bar, note how it take to return back to its original value.

7. Slowly open the air vent of the reservoir to allow the pressure to return back to ambient. 8. Repeat the test using the vacuum pump more slowly and note the difference.

5. Results:
Trial Increasing the pressure Decreasing the pressure P1 (bar) 1 1 T1 (C) 17.4 17.4 P2 (bar) 1.37 0.65 T2 (C) 17.5 17.3 Time (min) 1,57 1,13

6. Analysis:
Regarding to Gau-lussac's law, when we increase the pressure the temperature increase in contrast. And this which has been demonstrated, such that when we increase the pressure in the cylinder the temperature in the cylinder increase regarded to the increasing in pressure and vice versa. When we increase the pressure by bicycle pump, at we inert cold air to cylinder, this will decrease the temperature for a moment then the gas inside the cylinder have a significant amount of energy make gas's molecules in continuous collision, and because of collision the temperature rises and return back to its original ambient.

7. Conclusion:
We conclude that when we increase the pressure in the cylinder, the temperature will increase, and vice versa.

8. References:
Boyles law apparatus manual. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/gas_law.