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Adolescents
Adolescence (gotten from the Latin word adolescere which means; to grow). It is a transitional stage of physical and mental human development that occurs between childhood and adulthood. This transition involves biological (i.e. pubertal), social, and psychological changes, though the biological or physiological ones are the easiest to measure objectively. It is the process or state of growing to maturity. The period of rapid physical and mental growth between the childhood and adulthood is called adolescence. For girls it is in the period between 8-18 years and for boys it is 7-19 years. Adolescences extends from puberty to complete sexual maturity (puberty is the time of appearance of first external signs of sexual maturation).
Characteristics of adolescences
Accelerated physical growth and development of reproductive organs. Changes in the functioning of neuroendocrine system. Frequent changes in mood and emotional turbulence due to the increased production of hormones. This is due to the preoccupation with self-assertion and problems associated with self-identity, self-respect etc.. Development of moral reasoning regardless of their culture and religious background.
(a) Family; (b) School; (c) Associates of one's own sex; and (d) Associates of the other sex.
The struggle is caused by his attempt to live in accordance with a double standard composed of the expectations of his parents and those of his associates.
The boy now sees the neighbor girl in a new way. She is now really a different person from what she was when both of them were of twelve-year's age. If he develops healthy relations with her he is in a happy position. If he does not achieve a satisfactory adjustment to the other sex, he may have difficulties in marriage. He may have other social problems also. The boy who cannot establish happy relations with girls may withdraw from their associations. If he becomes too interested in the other sex and goes too far he may cause scandal. If the adolescent boy withdraws from association with girls he will become mentally unhealthy. Marriage becomes either impossible or likely to be unhappy for the introverted youngster who does not have healthy normal associations with the other sex. Adolescent girls try to attract adolescent boys. The increasingly do thing which may catch and sustain the attention of the other sex. They are more active because of their earlier sex maturity. Many girls, who find the boys of their own age sexually not so mature and responsive, try to seek attention from older boys. As sex maturity among boys and girls occurs at different ages, in a complicated and rapidly changing social situation the adolescents find it difficult to make social adjustment with the other sex.
arise in the school environment, he may produce good social atmosphere in the school for adequate social development. But most of the social problems arise out of the school, in the family, in the group, in the relations with the other sex. To solve these problems an active cooperation of the parents and the society has to be sought so that desirable social adjustment may be fostered. Regular RT. A. meetings, conferences between parents and adolescents, healthy associations of one sex with the other, active participation by both boys and girls in the school and community functions may go a long way in helping the adolescents achieve social maturity. The teacher his subject; the boys or girls learn it. But of greater importance than teaching and learning of the particular subject in the classroom is the development of social maturity. The first thing needed for that is a good-humoured, relaxed, friendly, social climate in the class. Where socialized activity programmes as group games, scouting and guiding, debates and dramatics, run regularly and where students take part in them freely, social maturity is developed as desired. Social adjustment or social maturity may be developed through a direct or indirect instruction in informal applied social psychology. It is said that adolescents are inept and out-of-place socially. There is little doubt about it. Some adolescents do lack in social skills considered desirable by adults. This social out-of-place-ness is, however, due to their lack of experience and self-consciousness. The educational implication of the fact is that adult judgment should be allowed to measure their aptness or ineptness in social skills. The adolescents should be provided with experience in social skills. When the youth is given a chance to express himself in the class, he expresses himself in the public.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a great deal of changes occurs during adolescence. It is a time when an individual moves from childhood to adulthood. The changes that take place during adolescence do not usually change a person into an entirely different person. Most of the time the changes that occur have continuity, so, for example someone who was a high academic achiever will continue this trend throughout adolescence and into adulthood. By the time an individual enters adulthood, they usually have established a stable and resilient sense of their own personal identity. By timely and effective guidance - many of their problems could be solved. Some of them may need medical / psychiatric attention. In some countries the parents influence their behavior, thoughts and are in position to solve many problems - if they have positive approach. Despite all efforts being made by parents, teachers, large numbers of adolescents face one or many problems. When the problem is aggravated, the parents may take them to doctors. But most of them face minor problems - modifying their behavioral patterns, personality as a whole.
REFRENCE :
http://www.preservearticles.com/2011111517215/what-are-thesocial-problems-of-adolescents.html