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Technical Risk Management

Technical Risk Management describes Chilworth groups integrated approach to safety, loss prevention and consequential cost reduction. Utilising a range of methodologies to gain an understanding of the risks, we enable our clients to reduce cost by containing incidents, controlling & mitigating the outcome or by preventing/eliminating their occurrence in the first place.

Risk(s) to people, assets, revenue and the environment arise from engineered systems, procedures, people and surroundings of an organisations operations. Risk control is increasing in importance as business objectives, best practice, stakeholder views and legislative requirements combine to constrain management decisions and system designs. Our technical risk management philosophy recognises the ways in which engineered and soft systems are integrated and interact with each other. The tools that we apply reflect this spectrum of hard and soft systems with numerical techniques of analysis and design at one end through to psychological and behavioural sciences at the other. Technical Risk Management techniques are used in many applications as an intrinsic part of the design process in the modification or development of new systems. Studies often form the basis on which investment decisions are made,

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statutory approvals are requested and justification validated for concessions. This approach is also the basis on which effective Health, Safety and Environmental Management systems are established and, in an increasing number of industries, provide the rigorous approach required in statutory safety cases. The components of Technical Risk Management include: Risk Assessment, Hazard or Threat Identification, Quantification and Risk Analysis; Impact & Consequence Analysis - both present and future, and mitigation strategy; Behaviour and Performance Analysis of Systems and People; Reliability, Availability and Maintainability and Reliability Centred Maintenance; Safety & Control System (i.e. design, verification, validation and assurance); Multiphase Pipeline Design and Flow Assurance, and Training.

Technical Risk Management addresses the risk to assets, personnel, revenue and business operations intrinsic to the design, construction and operation of exploration, production, processing, and transportation systems. It includes all aspects of risk identification, quantification, control, reduction and mitigation. Chilworth Group provides comprehensive capability, which specifically encompasses the engineering, process, procedures and people in the business. This capability has been extensively tested throughout the Oil & Gas industry, which is where Chilworths key focus remains. Our experience in the oil & gas industry includes among others FPSO vessels, Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODUs), offshore drilling platforms, offshore production & processing platforms, and jack-up rigs.

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Process Design Safety and Risk Management

Risk management is a blanket term covering the identification and evaluation of threats, hazards or other exposures to losses/costs. Assessments utilise a large number of techniques ranging from a detailed Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) to more abstract techniques such as Hazard Identification (HAZID) and Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies, which rely on expertise and judgement. Chilworth Group adopts a flexible approach to risk assessment, which allows the integration of elements from both hard and soft within an analysis. A risk assessment typically provides the basis on which subsequent risk management decisions can be made. Process Design Safety Review Inherently safer plants begin with the initial design. Here is where integrity and reliability can be built in at the lowest cost, and with maximum effectiveness. This review focuses on process safety issues in the design of processing facilities. It discusses how to select designs that can prevent or mitigate the release of flammable or toxic materials, which could lead to a fire, explosion, or environmental damage. Process design safety process is a planned and systematic process for studying the process details, identification of potential hazards, assessment of risk and reviewing the readiness & effectiveness of risk control measures to ensure safety for personnel and equipment systems in a process plant. HSE Plan A HSE plan is prepared for a project which would cover the Purpose, Project Organization and Responsibilities, HSE and Operation assurance, Development of Safe Facilities, Definition Phase HSE inputs for Design, HSE during Detail Engineering and Design Phase, HSE during Construction Phase, HSE during pre commissioning and commissioning phase, HSE during start up phase and Development of Safety studies and registers. HAZID (Hazard Identification) studies involve identification of hazards and the events, which may lead to risk to either people, Environment, Asset or companies reputation, provides a logical starting point for risk management. Systematic appraisal of what might go wrong, combined with ranking in terms of severity, gives a structured basis on which to develop the management strategy. HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) studies, which are common in the industry, provide a means to systematically identify deviations from design. Chilworth Group provides HAZOP services and similar studies in a cost-effective manner. The groups HAZOP experience ranges from simple plant items to complete facilities.

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QRA (Quantitative Risk Assessment) has been long established in the Oil & Gas industry and combines hazard identification with an assessment of the frequency and magnitude of hazardous events to determine the risk(s), which is then evaluated against tolerability criteria. Full QRA studies frequently encompass several of the other risk management aspects, e.g. modelling of system behaviour, system reliability and the effectiveness of safety systems. Conventional QRA has been extended by Chilworth in applications such as Deconstruction Risk Assessment and Typhoon Risk Assessment depending on the local conditions and client requirements. Chemical Reaction Hazards Chemical Reaction Hazards usually arising from uncontrolled exothermic activity. Many industrial reactions are exothermic and so overheating can occur. Overheating may lead to thermal runaway that is characterized by progressive increase in the rate of heat generation, temperature and pressure. The consequences of thermal runaway can be severe, as the incidents at Seveso and Bhopal have shown. There are a number of means of achieving safe operation of chemical reactors and controlling the Chemical Reaction Hazards. Vent Design Emergency Relief Vent Sizing is conducted using method generated from the DIERS (Design Institute of Emergency Relief Systems) project. Specification of the process control and emergency safety measures required to maintain the plant in a safe condition (even during a foreseeable process deviation). Determination of how the system pressure is generated (vapour pressure, gassy or hybrid system). This will determine the type of kinetic data, which needs to be obtained for relief vent sizing and indicate which vent sizing equations to use. Blast Overpressure can significantly increase risk to a facility as it can cause a significant escalation to adjoining facilities and equipment. The use of properly defined blast walls, particularly in the offshore industry, can considerably reduce the risk to people and asset. Chilworth Group uses a range of blast models, to assess the consequence of blast overpressures to determine proper blast wall rating that suits the desired risk reduction. Poor Ventilation can significantly increase risk of explosion in a congested plant layout. Chilworth carries out ventilations study and analyzes the potential of increased risk of explosions due to congestion of equipment / facility. This would also assess the flammable atmosphere in facilities handling flammable chemicals. Evacuation, Escape and Rescue Analysis (EERA) is part of Formal Safety Assessment (FSA). Chilworth Group has performed EERA to assess the risk associated with Evacuation, Escape and Rescue activities following an accidental event on an offshore installation. Emergency Systems Survivability Assessment (ESSA) is part of FSA. Chilworth Group has performed ESSA to assess the risk associated with failure of emergency systems due to an accidental event on an offshore installation.

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Temporary Refuge (TR) is provided on an offshore installation to enable orderly muster and evacuation of personnel during an emergency. Chilworth Group has performed TR Analysis to assess its integrity under major accidental events on an offshore installation. Ship Collision Risk to an offshore installation can be significant due to high marine traffic in the area. Chilworth Group has performed Collision Risk Analysis to assess and mitigate ship collision risks through appropriate navigation systems, marine procedures and review of an offshore installations structural integrity. Dropped Objects Analysis evaluates the consequential risk to the plant, offshore platform structure, pipelines and personnel as the offshore installation perform frequent lifts of varies objects of different impact energy. Chilworth Group has performed Dropped Objects Analysis to assess and mitigate this risk for offshore installations. Safety Critical Elements and Performance Standards Safety Critical Elements will be defined and identified in accordance with Chilworth criteria. Having identified the critical elements each will be assigned performance standards that defines the essential measures provided to manage major accident hazards and events requiring escape, mustering, evacuation, and rescue. Business and Project Risk All businesses are exposed to risk in varying degrees and the conventional method of protecting against losses arising from these risks is insurance. Fundamental to insurance and risk management is the concept of insurable risk, while the question of uncertainty is in turn inherent in the concept of risk. Chilworth Group provides specialist business and project risk consultancy to determine the probability of a loss-producing event occurring and, if so, the consequences that will results from the said event. This is of utmost importance in trying to ascertain the risk associated with a particular business venture or project. Decisions can then be taken based on the predicted risks thereby minimizing commercial liabilities.

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Health and Safety Management

Safe and secure operations of a facility are of paramount importance for the protection of personnel, the environment, asset and the reputation of the operators. The growing expectation at present is that organizations must be able to at least document, demonstrate and implement good safety practices and procedures at all levels. In addition, the greater levels of awareness amongst health and safety authorities have led to the development of more stringent requirements, all which have to be complied with. Chilworth Group combines strong practical knowledge on safety and health with a comprehensive understanding of the relevant legislation and industry accepted standards and practices to provide clients with effective and economical solutions to raise health and safety management levels. Chilworth Groups approach to health and safety issues is typically categorized into hardware elements (e.g. design, equipment, etc.) and software elements (e.g. maintenance, emergency response, behaviour based safety, training, etc.). Both approaches are crucial and complementary to ensure comprehensiveness and thoroughness in assessing the health and safety levels at a facility. Safety Management Systems (SMS) During the design stage of a facility, adequate safety and health management levels are established through good engineering practices, adherence to engineering codes and standards and experience and professional judgement. However, upon construction and commissioning of a facility, there is the potential for these levels to decay over time. Safety Management Systems (SMS) are therefore established to ensure that the level of safety and health is kept consistently at, or beyond, the desired levels throughout the lifecycle of the facility. Chilworth Groups capability in this field ranges from brief reviews of existing SMS to full development and implementation of SMS for an organization. Safety and Health Audits During the design stage of a facility, adequate safety and health management levels are established through good engineering practices, adherence to engineering codes and standards and experience and professional judgement. However, upon construction and commissioning of a facility, there is the potential for these levels to decay over time. In order to sustain and improve upon these levels, therefore, audits are commonly performed to identify shortfalls and gaps at the facility. With this objective in mind, Chilworth Group is able to provide experienced professionals to conduct audits to identify and improve safety

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and health levels. This ultimately results in greater productivity and efficiency with less potential for costly repairs. Interface between Operators Practising Different SMS Standards Installation, hook-up and other similar activities often require the contribution and participation of multiple contractors either simultaneously or at different intervals of each other. This then could precipitate to inconsistent and divergent levels of safety standards as each contractor may not necessarily subscribe to the owner-operators safety standard. By pursuing an interfacing exercise, Chilworth Group is able to bridge the divide and provide consistency and clarity in safety standards across all work activities among all appointed contractors. This helps to eliminate gaps and shortfalls in the safety standards of appointed contractors as well as provide a common reference safety standard for all activities for a given project. Such consistency often translates to reduced down time and Lost Time Injury (LTI), and greater efficiency. Development of HSE (Safety) Case The tragic losses incurred at the Piper Alpha disaster in 1988 provided the initial momentum for the formulation of Offshore Safety Cases in the UK. Since then, HSE Cases have become an industry standard and for many countries a legislation for identifying potential hazards and evaluating the adequacy of a facilitys safety systems to control and mitigate these hazards. These cases, therefore, provide a basis for arguing for or against offshore developments and, by highlighting the inadequacies, aid the refinement of the engineering design process. The onshore equivalent of this is the Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards (CIMAH) Report which has since been revised and improved upon to Control of Major Accident Hazards (COMAH) Reports. Having completed numerous HSE (Safety) Cases and CIMAH Reports, Chilworth Group has considerable capability and experience for the execution and delivery of these assignments. Hazardous Area Classification (HAC) The HAC exercise mainly involves examination of plant design, operations and equipment, understanding the fire & explosion characteristics of the dust(s), gas(es) and liquid(s). This would facilitate Identification of sources of dust / Vapour / gas release in the plant under normal and abnormal conditions, determination of the extent of release, assessment of the persistence of release, identification of locations where combustible dust clouds and / or flammable vapour / gas atmospheres are or could be present during normal and abnormal operating conditions. This would lead to Classification of the system into Zone 0, 1, 2 or nonhazardous zone for flammable gases & liquid handling locations and Zone 20, 21, 22 or non-hazardous zone for flammable solid handling locations and Recommendation to reduce frequency or extent of release and hence, improving the zone. Hot and Toxic Gas Dispersion Many process facilities produce hot and/or toxic gaseous emissions which are released freely into the atmosphere. The potential therefore exists for such emissions to impact neighbouring receptors such as personnel, air intake points, etc. Dispersion studies therefore are undertaken to assess these impacts and put forward suitable recommendations to minimise such impacts. Chilworth Groups key capability in this area is not only to undertake simulation of these emissions but

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to also analyse and interpret the results. These then provide a sound basis for validating a proposed design or justifying modifications to an existing facility. Flare Radiation In order to alleviate emergency conditions, hydrocarbon processing facilities commonly include the provision of a flare into the design. However, the excessive radiation levels from the flare could lead to personnel and assets being susceptible to impact. In order to assess this, flare radiation studies are performed to predict the thermal intensities arising from the flare. These results provide an important basis in ensuring that the design of the flare is fit for purpose and does not expose any personnel or assets to excessive thermal radiation. Noise Abatement Prolonged exposure to excessive noise levels has been shown to cause various ill-effects ranging from the inability to be productive at work due to a loss of concentration to complete loss of hearing. In order to avoid such impacts from being realised, noise abatement studies are undertaken to identify the required mitigation to protect personnel from such exposures. Chilworth Groups noise prediction model is able to simulate the propagation of noise and illustrate these results in the form of noise contours. Drawing of these results, suitable recommendations such as hearing protection, noise enclosures, etc. can then be proposed and incorporated into the design of the facility. Acoustically Induced Vibration (AIV) The movement of fluids through an enclosed space or opening often leads to the generation of noise (i.e. noise energy) within the closed system which is further translated into vibration, hence the term acoustically induced vibration or AIV. Since standard design codes and standards do not provide an effective means of assessing the capability for such vibration, AIV is often neglected thereby subjecting the system to possible structural failure. Chilworth Groups AIV programme calculates the acoustic energy within a system which can then be assessed against industry criteria as necessary and suitable recommendations proposed as required. This eliminates the need for costly and time-consuming repairs which may be necessitated by failure of the system due to unmitigated AIV. Health Risk Assessment (HRA) With the advent of a growing number of hazardous chemicals and processes, significant concerns have been raised with respect to the health and safety of exposed personnel. The HRA is an effective tool that enables the potential hazards to be identified and recognised so as to ascertain the potential risks to personnel in an effort to reduce the exposure potential. Chilworth Groups approach in HRA is to document the various aspects and characteristics of the workplace associated with a certain job or task and to use this information as a basis for analyzing and prioritizing actions to address occupational health and safety risks. Emergency Response Planning (ERP) A key component in safety management is preparedness and anticipation for any untoward situation or circumstance. The ERP then serves as a vehicle to address the level of preparedness and anticipation in light of possible emergency

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scenarios. Through an extensive examination of the processes, materials and systems at a facility, Chilworth Group can explore the various emergency scenarios and establish the required actions. The ERP will therefore articulate specific responsibilities and action needed under various emergencies. A comprehensive and detailed ERP demonstrates the capability of a facility to adequately anticipate and respond to emergencies thereby enhancing the reputation and integrity of the organization. Change Management The progressiveness and dynamism of organizations today often result in changes at different levels, e.g. safety standards, design codes, SMS, etc. Although such changes are often envisioned to bring about greater benefit and efficiency, the progression towards this goal is often encumbered by various factors such as a lack of commitment, scepticism, apathy, etc. With respect to this, Chilworth Group provides specialist consultancy to address these issues and bring about greater synergism in the management of change. This ultimately results in a common focus and vision, proactive planning and enhanced efficiency. Verification of Engineering Design Engineering design of a facility is often dictated by compliance to appropriate reference codes and standards as well as professional judgement. In this regard, Chilworth Group provides third party verification and validation of a proposed engineering design. By reviewing a design against the relevant codes and standards as an independent party, the design is subjected to greater scrutiny thereby further reducing the possibility of inherent errors in the proposed design. Fire Detection & Protection Chilworth Group provides guidance in the selection of fire detection & protection systems using Fire Risk Analysis (FRA) to evaluate and quantify the effects and consequences of fire and the relative benefit in installing differing levels of fire protection facilities.

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Training

Increasingly, people are being viewed as the most critical element for safe and efficient operations. The competency, qualification and capability of personnel, therefore, require to be matched with the tasks at hand while ensuring job satisfaction. In such instances, the effectiveness of risk management is invariably conditioned by the awareness and skill levels of the individuals involved in the processes. This applies equally to those involved in operations and those responsible for design, analysis and management. Training then is a useful tool both to assist in the acquisition of risk management skills or techniques and as a risk reduction and mitigation method in itself. Chilworth Groups training courses are developed specifically to meet the particular needs of our clients. Such strategic training programmes with performance-based objectives demonstrate the commitment of an organisation to train their employees to achieve maximum productivity through informed and knowledgeable work practices. Development of Job Description The development of Job Descriptions in any company is a vital part of the Human Resource Department and Management function since it provides the basis for the function of every employee. In this regard, it is crucial to have a holistic and comprehensive system to capture the job description of each employee. This adds to the clarity of the individuals boundary of responsibility as well as provides a platform for future appraisals. Chilworth Group has developed Training Packages which are designed to empower participants with the practical skills for conducting job analysis and evaluation together with designing job descriptions and organisational charts. Competence/Skills Assessment Unquestioningly, it is vital that the tasks given to each employee match his/her level of competency/skill. This, however, can only be ascertained from assessing the baseline competency/skill level. Through field work and detailed interactive assessments, Chilworth Group provides group, section and individual performance evaluation and measurement combined with results-oriented recommendations. All of this ensures more efficient operations, a tangible return on training investment and all-round improvement in productivity. This type of training can be modified to provide a package suitable to the clients requirements.

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Hands-On Training/On-the-Job Training This form of training takes a systematic approach in assessing knowledge and skills of individuals in combination with demonstrated activities that the individual must complete satisfactorily to prove and demonstrate competence and ability in the implied job function. This type of training takes 2 forms: (a) Practical instruction given to either one or more technicians/trainees by a qualified instructor on specific items of equipment or processes. (b) Training on the job through a set number of technical tasks (job specific) at differing levels to suit the technician/trainee. Completions of the tasks implying competence as these tasks are monitored and tested. The aim of both these types of programme is to provide a work force with proven and demonstrable competence able to carry out their job functions. Principles and Application of HSE Management Chilworth Group offers a range of services within their portfolio. In the area of HSE which is one of the companys main topic theatres, comprehensive packages of training courses are available. These courses encompass: Risk Assessment, Safety Policy, Safety Management, PPE, Machinery Practice, Hazardous Substances, Fire, First Aid, Health and Safety at Work, Permit to Work, Confined Space Entry, Competent Person, Hazards in Process Operations and many more. All safetyrelated training courses can be conducted as classroom-based or through practical demonstration (where applicable) and all courses are certified, thus meeting the requirements of most company annual appraisal schemes or renewal criteria.

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Human Factors

Human factors are increasingly being recognised as a significant risk management concern. As systems in general become more reliable, betterunderstood and controlled human factors are rising in relative importance. Through its human factors capability, Chilworth Group has provided necessary emphasis and attention to the suitability of personnel to the tasks at hand and the resulting outcomes. Behaviour Based Safety Behavioural Safety provides with a way of reducing lost-time injuries, through the analysis of your current environment, and the implementation of proven performance management methods. In other words, Behavioral Safety is the systematic application of psychological research on human behavior to the problems of safety in the workplace. Accident Investigation Reducing the occurrence of accidents is a key goal in achieving commercial and technical objectives at a facility. However, accidents inevitably still do occur and must be investigated to ascertain their causes and contributory factors. Chilworth Groups specialist capability in this field provides the mechanism and mediums to identify key problem areas within the operation and to allow mitigation strategies to be formulated to improve personal safety. Ergonomics Ergonomics is now increasingly being recognised as a discipline which breaks down the barriers between human skills, machines and the surrounding work environment. Recent studies in the field show a distinct increase in safety, quality and productivity due to enhance ergonomics in the work environment. Chilworth Groups ergonomics capability involves the utilization of experienced personnel to review layout drawings in order to ensure that sufficient detail and attention has been paid to ergonomic issues such as access, ingress, etc. Recommendations put forward from such studies typically lead to greater productivity and quality which ultimately leads to greater operational efficiency. Sustainability Ministry of Corporate affairs, GOI, in July 2011, came out with the National Voluntary Guidelines on Social, Environmental and Economic responsibilities of business. These guidelines contain comprehensive principles to be adopted by companies as part of their business practices and a structured business responsibility reporting format requiring certain specified disclosures, demonstrating
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the steps taken by companies to implement the said principles. In line with the above guidelines and considering the larger interest of public, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), in a major decision, has mandated that that top 100 companies (by market capitalization) shall report on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) initiatives undertaken by them. This mandate shall subsequently be phased for the remaining companies. It has been mandated to include BR reports as a part of Annual Reports for listed top 100 entities based on market capitalisation at BSE and NSE as on 31st March 2012. Other listed entities may voluntarily disclose BR Reports as part of their Annual Reports. Those listed entities which have been submitting sustainability report to overseas regulatory agencies/ stakeholders based on internationally accepted reporting frameworks need not prepare a separate report for the purpose of these guidelines but only furnish the same to their stakeholders along with the details of the framework under which their BR report has been prepared and a mapping of the principles contained in the guidelines to the disclosures made in their sustainability reports. Comprehensive Safety Improvement and Capacity Building (CSICB) A thorough review of Safety Management System, its awareness level at various level of employees, its implementation status leading to gap analysis. With the gaps identified, an implementation plan with responsibilities defined. Development of local team in client organization who can take if forward internally thereby, over a period of time, removing the overall dependence on consultants. Mainly carried out in 3 phases, gap identification & implementation plan, team development & actual implementation and sustainability audits. Technical Procedures Development of Technical Standards would include Studying the process, reaction properties, operational requirements and a safe basis of operation for the plant. The same can be done at lab scale and then once the scale up is planned. For such cases, the procedure for safety risk assessment is carried out before a reaction is undertaken in the plant and implementing any necessary process controls.

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Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability

The risk to project is significantly influenced by failure of key component or systems. For example for a plant: Failure of key component contributes to down time and thus productivity; where as Failure of a safety system can significantly increase the safety risk. Chilworth Group has assessed Reliability, Availability and Maintainability (RAM) of systems in the management of risk. Chilworth Group applies the relationship between RAM and risk by systematically modelling the interdependency of different elements of a system. These models can be developed in either dynamic or static RAM model, where the selection of the modelling depends upon the risk contributors to be investigated, and the level of risk it may pose on a project. Chilworth Group has helped its clients in performing the following key services: Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA); Reliability Assessment of Instrumented Protection Systems such as Overpressure Protection Systems; Reliability Assessment of a High Integrity Protection Systems (HIPS); RAM assessment of the production plants on off-shore installations; RAM assessment of the on-shore plants; Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Assessment. Instrumented Protection Function (IPF) Assessment. Failure Mode and Effects Criticality Analysis (FMECA) FMECA provides a structured and meticulous approach to identify possible failure modes, their preceding events, the resulting effects and opportunities to design out these eventualities. In identifying potential failure scenarios, the FMECA provides proactive planning opportunities. In essence, it provides the following benefits: A tabulation of all operating equipment at a facility; Identification and documentation of failure modes of each equipment; The resulting effects of such failure modes on the failure potential of the overall system; and Development of a criticality ranking for each failure mode, which provides the basis for establishing preventive maintenance and sparing philosophies as well as redundancy configurations.

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Overpressure Protection System & HIPPS An Instrumented Protection System (IPS), for example at the specificationbreak where a pipeline enters a processing facility, will reduce the calculated risk of over pressure only if there is confidence in its ability to respond. Chilworth Group designs such systems based on a detailed understanding of the transient behaviour of the system, rigorous reliability assessment of the components and proof of the proposed configuration. The resulting benefits include: Protection of downstream equipment and systems from potential pressure surges upstream; Provision of an extremely reliable protection mechanism, with reliability expectations two orders of magnitude higher than conventional process plant relief systems; Redundancy and diversity of components comprising the HIPS. Cost effective, safe solution to protect plant integrity and minimise potential environmental effects; Achieve good system reliability-to-availability balance; Achieve high input integrity due to reduced downtime and production losses.

Reliability, Availability and Maintainability (RAM) Dynamic RAM is an efficient method for reducing design, operations and contractual cost of projects by means of the following: It ensures that return on investment is as per expectations by ascertaining the design requirements to meet contractual productivity target; It assesses the changes in CAPEX required for different levels of redundancy and sparing, and trade this off against the OPEX costs develop maintenance and sparing strategies; It confirms the redundancy of different system elements; It predicts productivity shortfall; It can help assess and develop make-up strategies upon expected shortfall in productivity; It can determine operational constraints; It can define spares locations, supply logistics and storage cost; It can develop commonality of spares and help reduce investment in spares holding; It can define resource allocation and hence help assess resource requirement to meet target productivity; It can define maintenance schedules in line with the target or contractual productivity; and It can include cost of maintenance and repairs in the model to help assess cost profile over the life of a facility. Safety Integrity Level (SIL) The integrity of a facility/system can be evaluated in terms of the adequacy of its control measures and safeguards in place. This is the principle behind the SIL assessment which allows a facility/system to be assessed and graded according to different classifications. SIL classes can then provide the basis for determining if additional measures are required (in light of the criticality of a system) or conforms to the stipulated level of safety. The resulting benefits from such an assessment include:

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Consistent evaluation of each system based on the SIL classification; Derivation of individual SIL classes for each system; Integration and derivation of individual SIL classes to obtain the overall SIL class for the facility; Demonstration of the SIL class in light of compliance requirements.

Instrumented Protective Functions (IPF) Control systems form a crucial component for smooth and safe operations of any facility. The inability for a control system to perform as required could result in cascading effects on other control systems and the facility at large. In order to foresee such eventualities and prevent them, the IPF provides an approach that is both comprehensive and thorough. The resulting benefits from such an assessment include: Detailed examination of each control loop at a facility/system; Identification of potential control loop failures and resulting cascading effects; Provision of safeguards to eliminate such failures and preserve the integrity of the overall control system All of this directly translates to higher productivity and efficiency. Maintenance Interest in Reliability Centred Maintenance (RCM) is growing but the preservation of reliability through maintenance may be unnecessary if the risk arising from failure is acceptable. A rigorous maintenance strategy is therefore an essential foundation on which to build an RCM system. Defining a maintenance strategy for the components of a facility based on risk provides a real cost reduction opportunity. Chilworth Group can develop a risk based maintenance strategy based on the QRA. This approach can also be applied to existing facilities, e.g. a large scale risk model was provided to a client operating ageing facilities which allowed maintenance and replacement budgets to be targeted to give maximum risk reduction.

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Selected List of Clients

The client base of Chilworth Group covers well over 55 countries and 800 companies. The client base of CTPL covers many Asian countries and includes companies in the sectors such as Oil and Gas-Onshore/Offshore, petrochemicals, refineries, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, bulk organics, food stuffs, paints & resins, dyestuffs, pigments, agrochemicals, soaps & detergents, buildings. Over last 11 years CTPL has worked for more than 350 reputed companies; to name few Shell, BP, BG India, ONGC, GAIL, Essar Oil, Cairn, NIKO, Vedanta, MGL, IOCL, HPCL, BPCL, Mundra Port, NPCC, Adani Energy, Reliance Industries, Greater Nile Petroleum (Sudan), Gujarat Fluorochemicals, Petroleum Development of Oman, Adani Petronet, Lurgi, Technip, Jubilant, Hikal Ltd., RIL, Ranbaxy, Nicholas Piramal, Matrix Labs, GSK, Arch Pharma, Actavis, Astra Zeneca, Merck Ltd., Tata Chemicals, Dr. Reddys, Syngenta, United Phosphorus, Pidilite, Sandoz, Maruti Suzuki, HCL, ACC amongst others. For further information, please contact us at: Chilworth Technology Pvt Ltd. Delhi Office: Muskaan Complex, Plot No 3, B-2,Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070 Ph: +91-11-26136979 Fax No: +91-11-26135979 Email: info-in@chilworthglobal.com Mumbai Office: 501,Dilkap Chambers,5th Floor, Veera Industrial Estate, Veera Dasai Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400053 Ph: +91-22 66942350 Email: info-in@chilworthglobal.com Web: www.chilworth.co.in

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