Form (Forma)

Para conjugar el presente simple usamos el inifinitivo para los sujetos "I", "you", "we" y "they" y para las terceras personas "he", "she" y "it", aadimos un "-s" al final del verbo. Nota: Ten en cuenta que los verbos que terminen en "-o" aadimos "-es". Sujeto I, You, We, They He, She, It Conjugacin talk, eat, learn, do, go... talks, eats, learns, does, goes...

Structure (Estructura)
1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I talk I talk. (Yo hablo.)
o

He eats He eats. (l come.)

They learn. They learn. (Ellos aprenden.)

2. Estructura Sujeto + verbo principal. 3.

4. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) (Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to do") + auxiliar negativo ("not") + verbo principal.)
o o

Ejemplos: I do not talk. I do not [don't] talk. (Yo no hablo.)

He does not eat. He does not [doesn't] eat. (l no come.)

They do not learn.

They do not [don't] learn. (Ellos no aprenden.) Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar ("to do") cambia y el verbo principal es en el infinitivo. 5. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interagotivas) o Ejemplos: o Do you talk? Do you talk? (Hablas t?)
o

Does he eat? Does he eat? (Come l?)

Do they learn? Do they learn? (Aprenden ellos?)

6. Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to do") + sujeto + verbo principal? 7. Nota: Como en frases negativas, en frases interrogativas el verbo auxiliar ("to do") cambia y el verbo principal es en el infinitivo. Ms informacin sobre la estructura de frases

Uses (Usos)
1. El presente simple se utiliza para hablar de cosas que suceden habitualmente. A diferencia a espaol, no se usa el presente simple para hablar sobre algo que est pasando en el momento en el que hablamos. o Ejemplos: o I always talk to my mother on Sunday. I always talk to my mother on Sunday. (Siempre hablo con mi madre el domingo.)
o

He never eats vegetables. He never eats vegetables. (Nunca come las verduras.)

They learn something new in class.They usually learn something new in class. (Normalmente aprenden algo nuevo en la clase.)

Se suele utilizar el presente simple con adverbios de tiempo:

Always (siempre), everyday (cada da), usually (normalmente), often (a menudo), sometimes (a veces), rarely (raramente), hardly ever (casi nunca), never (nunca)... Excepcin: Los adverbios de tiempo van delante del verbo, excepto el verbo "to be" (ser/estar). Cuando se usa "to be" el verbo va delante del adverbio.
o o

Ejemplos: I am always happy. I am always happy. (Siempre estoy contento.)

He is often sick. He is often sick. (A menudo l est enfermo.)

They are rarely late. They are rarely late. (En raras ocasiones llegan tarde.)

2. Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos cientficos. o Ejemplos: o He does not eat vegetables. He does not [doesn't] eat vegetables. (l no come verduras.)
o

She works in a hospital. She works in a hospital. (Ella trabaja en una hospital.)

Elephants live in Africa. Elephants live in Africa. (Los elefantes viven en frica.)

Bogata is in Columbia Bogata is in Columbia. (Bogot est en Colombia.)

Do children like animals? Do children like animals? (Les gustan a los nios los animales?)

Adults do not know everything. Adults do not [don't] know everything. (Los adultos no lo saben todo.)

3. Se usa para eventos programados en el futuro prximo. o Ejemplos: o The train leaves at 10:00. The train leaves at 10:00. (El tren sale a las 10h.)
o

The party is tonight. The party is tonight. (La fiesta es esta noche.)

Does the festival start tomorrow? Does the festival start tomorrow? (Empieza el festival maana?)

The plane does not arrive today. The plane does not [doesn't] arrive today. (El avin no llega hoy.)

4. Se usa para instruciones (el imperativo). o Ejemplos: o Open the window. Open the window. (Abre la ventana.)
o

Eat the vegetables. Eat the vegetables. (Come las verduras.)

Don't cry. Don't cry. (No llores.)

Do your homework. Do your homework. (Haz los deberes.)

Call your mother. Call your mother. (Llama a tu madre.)

http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/psimple.php

Present Continuous (Presente continuo)

Present Continuo eat
Ver tabla de conjugacion: Present Continuous

formleccion

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Form (Forma)
Para formar el presente continuo se utiliza el verbo auxiliar "to be" y el gerundio (infinitivo + "-ing") del verbo.
Sujeto Auxiliar (to be) Gerundio talking, eating, learning, doing, going... talking, eating, learning, doing, going... talking, eating, learning, doing, going...

am

He, She, It

is

You, We, They

are

Structure (Estructura)
1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I'm talking I'm talking. (Estoy hablando.)
o

He's eating. He's eating. (Est comiendo.)

They're learning. They're learning. (Estn aprendiendo.)

2. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + gerundio. 3. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) o Ejemplos:

I'm not talking. I'm not talking. (No estoy hablando.)

He's not eating. He isn't eating. He's not [He isn't] eating. (No est comiendo.)

They're not learning. They aren't learning.They're not [They aren't] learning. (No estn aprendiendo.) 4. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + auxiliar negativo ("not") + gerundio. 5. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) o Ejemplos: o Are you talking? Are you talking? (Ests hablando?)
o

Is he eating? Is he eating? (Est comiendo?)

Are they learning? Are they learning? (Estn aprendiendo?)

6. Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + gerundio?

Uses (Usos)
1. El presente continuo se utiliza para hablar sobre algo que est pasando en el momento en el que hablamos. o Ejemplos: o I'm studying now. I'm studying now. (Estoy estudiando ahora.)
o

He's eating at the moment. He's eating at the moment. (Est comiendo en este momento.)

Is it raining? Is it raining? (Est lloviendo?)

2. Tambin lo usamos para hablar de algo que est sucediendo en la actualidad pero no necesariamente cuando hablamos. o Ejemplos: o They're learning English. They're learning English. (Estn aprendiendo ingls.)
o

She's currently looking for a job. She's currently looking for a job. (Actualmente est buscando un trabajo.)

Are you working? Are you working? (Ests trabajando?)

3. Usamos el presente continuo para hablar de algo que est ya decidido que se har en el futuro prximo. o Ejemplos: o I'm going to the party tonight. I'm going to the party tonight. (Voy a la fiesta esta noche.)
o

He isn't coming to class tomorrow. He's not [He isn't] coming to class tomorrow. (No viene a la clase manaa.)

Are you working next week? Are you working next week? (Trabajas la semana que viene?)

Nota: Hay unos verbos que no solemos usar en los tiempos continuos. Hay excepciones, depende en que sentido estamos usando el verbo. Puedes consultar la lista de verbos de tiempos continuos y su explicacin.
be, want, need, know, prefer, remember, understand, care, see, hear, smell, believe, belong, cost, seem, exist, own, belong, like, dislike, love, hate, fear, envy, mind...

Ejemplos David is needing a new car. David needs a new car.

http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/pcontin.php

Future Simple (Futuro simple)

Future Simple eat
Ver tabla de conjugacion: Future Simple

formleccion

Hay dos formas principales para expresar el futuro. A veces son intercambiables, pero a menudo pueden tener significados diferentes.

Future: "Will"
Structure (Estructura)
Nota: Existe una forma corta del verbo auxiliar "will".
Afirmativo I will Forma corta I'll Negativo I will not Forma corta I won't. I'll not

Play
I will You will

Play
I'll You'll

Play
I will not You will not

Play
I won't (I'll not) You won't. You'll not

Play
You will He will

Play
You'll He'll

Play
You will not He will not

Play
You won't (you'll not) He won't. He'll not.

Play
He will She will

Play
He'll She'll

Play
He will not She will not

Play
He won't (He'll not) She won't. She'll not.

Play
She will It will

Play
She'll It'll

Play
She will not It will not

Play
She won't (She'll not) It won't. It'll not.

Play
It will

Play
It'll

Play
It will not

Play
It won't (It'll not)

We will.

We'll

We will not

We won't. We'll not.

Play
We will They will

Play
We'll They'll

Play
We will not They will not

Play
We won't (We'll not) They won't. They'll not.

Play
They will

Play
They'll

Play
They will not

Play
They won't (They'll not)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I will ring you tonight. I'll call you tonight.

Play
I will [I'll] ring (call) you tonight. (Te llamar esta noche.)
o

She will arrive late.

Play
She will [She'll] arrive late. (Llegar tarde.)
o

They'll be happy to see you.

Play
They will [They'll] be happy to see you. (Estarn felices de verte.) 2. Estructura Sujeto + "will" + verbo principal. 3. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) o Ejemplos: o I will not ring you tonight. I won't call you tonight.

Play
I will not [won't] ring (call) you tonight. (No te llamar esta noche.)
o

She won't arrive late.

Play

She will not [won't] arrive late. (No llegar tarde.)

o

They won't be happy to see you.

Play
They will not [won't] be happy to see you. (No estarn felices de verte.) 4. Estructura Sujeto + "will" + "not" + verbo principal. 5. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) o Ejemplos: o Will you ring me tonight?

Play
Will you ring (call) me tonight? (Me llamars esta noche?)
o

Will she arrive late?

Play
Will she arrive late? (Llegar tarde?)
o

Will they be happy to see you?

Play
Will they be happy to see you? (Estarn felices de verte.) 6. Estructura"Will" + sujeto + verbo principal.

Future: "Going to"

"Going to" se equivale a "ir a" en espaol.

Structure (Estructura)
1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I'm going to call you tonight. I'm going to ring (call) you tonight. (Voy a llamarte esta noche.)
o

She's going to arrive late.

She's going to arrive late. (Va a llegar tarde.)

o

They're going to be happy to see you. They're going to be happy to see you. (Van a estar felices de verte.)

2. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "going to" + verbo principal. 3. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) o Ejemplos: o I'm not going to call you tonight. I'm not going to ring (call) you tonight. (No voy a llamarte esta noche.)
o

She's not going to arrive late. She's not going to arrive late. (No va a llegar tarde.)

They're not going to be happy to see you. They're not going to be happy to see you. (No van a estar felices de verte.)

4. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to" + verbo principal. 5. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) o Ejemplos: o Are you going to ring me tonight? Are you going to ring (call) me tonight? (Vas a llamarme esta noche?)
o

Is she going to arrive late? Is she going to arrive late? (Va a llegar tarde?)

Are they going to be happy to see you? Are they going to be happy to see you? (Van a estar felices de verte?)

6. Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to" + verbo principal.

Nota: Para acciones o eventos inminentes, podemos decir "about to" (a punto de). La estructura es el mismo de "going to."

Ejemplos: I'm about to leave. I'm about to leave. (Estoy a punto de irme.)

The concert is about to begin. The concert is about to begin. (El concierto est a punto de comenzar.)

Uses (Usos)
Las formas "will" y "going to" se utilizan para el futuro, pero el uso de uno sobre el otro significa que la probabilidad de la accion futura pasar. El aspecto que lo diferencia del futuro "going to" con "will" es el sentido de "planificacin". En general, se usa "going to" para planes concretos, cuando tenemos la seguridad de que algo va a suceder.
1. Se usa "will" con acciones voluntarias. o Ejemplos: o Will you help me move? Will you help me move? (Me ayudars a mudarme?)
o

They will clean their rooms. They will clean their rooms. (Limpiarn sus habitaciones.)

She won't work with Paul. She won't work with Paul. (No trabajar con Paul.)

2. Se utiliza "will" para expresar una promesa. o Ejemplos: o When I am president, I will lower taxes. When I am president, I will lower taxes. (Cuando sea presidente, bajar los impuestos.)
o

He promises he will call when he arrives. He promises he will call when he arrives. (Le prometio llamar cuando llegue.)

3. Se usa "going to" para planes. Se indica la intencin a hacer algo. o Ejemplos: o We're going to have a party tonight. We're going to have a party tonight. (Vamos a dar una fiesta esta noche.)
o

Richard's going to take an English class. Richard's going to take an English class. (Richard va a realizar un clase de ingls.)

Are Peter and you going to play football later? Are Peter and you going to play football later? (Vas a jugar futbol luego?)

4. Se puede usar "will" o "going to" para predicciones porque el hablante no tiene control sobre el futuro. o Ejemplos: o It will be a great party. It's going to be a great party. It will be a great party. / It's going to be a great party. (Ser una fiesta genial.)
o

It won't rain. It's not going to rain. It won't rain. / It's not going to rain. (No va a llover.)

Nota: Existen algunas situaciones en las que usamos el presente continuo o el presente simple para expresar acciones en el futuro.
1. Se puede usar el presente continuo para acciones en el futuro cercano. o Ejemplos: o Sarah is arriving tonight. Sarah is arriving tonight. (Sarah llega esta noche.)
o

I'm going to the doctor this afternoon. I'm going to the doctor this afternoon. (Voy al mdico esta tarde.)

2. Se usa el presente simple para eventos programados en un futuro prximo. o Ejemplos: o The party starts at 9pm. The party starts at 9pm. (La fiesta empieza a las 21h.)
o

The train leaves at 10am. The train leaves at 10am. (El tren sale a las 10h.)

http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/futuro-simple.php

Future Continuous (Futuro continuo)

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Form (Forma)
Para formar el futuro continuo se utiliza los verbos auxiliares "will" y "to be" y el gerundio (infinitivo + "-ing") del verbo principal o se puede utilizar el verbo auxiliar "to be" y "going to be".
Sujeto I He, She, It You, We, They Auxiliares will be / am going to be will be / is going to be will be / are going to be Gerundio talking, eating, learning, doing, going... talking, eating, learning, doing, going... talking, eating, learning, doing, going...

Structure (Estructura)
1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I will be talking. I'm going to be talking. I will be talking. / I'm going to be talking. (Estar hablando.)
o

He will be eating. He's going to be eating. He will be eating. / He's going to be eating. (Estar comiendo.)

They will be learning. They're going to be learning. They will be learning. / They're going to be learning. (Estarn aprendiendo.)

2. Estructura 1 Sujeto + "will be" + gerundio. 3. Estructura 2 Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "going to be" + gerundio. 4. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) o Ejemplos: o I won't be talking. I'm not going to be talking. I will not [won't] be talking. / I'm not going to be talking. (No estar hablando.)

He won't be eating. He's not going to be eating. He will not [won't] be eating./ He's not going to be eating. (No estar comiendo.)

They won't be learning. They're not going to be learning. They will not [won't] be learning. / They're not going to be learning. (No estarn aprendiendo.)

5. Estructura 1 Sujeto + "will be" + "not" + gerundio. 6. Estructura 2 Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to be" + gerundio. 7. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) o Ejemplos: o Will you be talking? Are you going to be talking? Will you be talking? / Are you going to be talking? (Estars hablando?)
o

Will he be eating? Is he going to be eating? Will he be eating? / Is he going to be eating? (Estar comiendo?)

Will they be learning? Are they going to be learning? Will they be learning? / Are they going to be learning? (Estarn aprendiendo?)

8. Estructura 1 Verbo auxiliar "will" + sujeto + "be"+ gerundio? 9. Estructura 2 Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to be" + gerundio?

10. Nota: En las frases interrogativas el sujeto va entre los verbos auxiliares "will" y "be" o entre "to be" y "going to be".

Uses (Usos)
Al diferencia del futuro simple, las dos formas del futuro continuo significan casi lo mismo y son intercambiables. Tambin, los usos del futuro continuo son los mismos del pasado continuo, pero en el futuro.
1. El futuro continuo lo utilizamos para una accin larga que pasar en el futuro y estar interrumpido. o Ejemplos: o Jose will be watching the news when you call. Jose will be [Jose's going to be] watching the news when you call. (Jose estar mirando las noticias cuando le llames.)
o

Is it going to be raining when I leave?

Will it be [Is it going to be] raining when l leave? (Estar lloviendo cuando salga?) 2. Se usa el futuro continuo para hablar sobre acciones en un tiempo especfico en el futuro. o Ejemplos o Paula will be living in Spain next April. Paula will be [Paula's going to be] living in Spain next April. (Paula estar viviendo en Espaa el prximo abril.)
o

We're still going to be working at 10 o'clock tomorrow night. We'll still be working [We're still going to be working] at 10 o'clock tomorrow night. (Todava estaremos trabajando a las 10 maana por la noche.)

3. Se usa el futuro continuo para dos acciones que estarn al mismo tiempo en el futuro. o Ejemplos o My son will be reading while I'm going to be cooking. My son will be [is going to be] reading while I will be [I'm going to be] cooking. (Mi hijo estar leyendo mientras que yo estar cocinando.)

Nota: Ten en cuenta que hay verbos que no solemos usar en los tiempos continuos. Ver una lista y explicacin aqui.

Past Simple (Pasado simple)

Past Simple eat
Ver tabla de conjugacion: Past Simple

formleccion

El pasado simple en ingls es equivalente al pretrito imperfecto y pretrito indefinido del espaol. Usamos el pasado simple para acciones completas en el pasado. El perodo de tiempo de estas acciones no es importante como en el espaol.

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Form (Forma)
Para formar el pasado simple con verbos regulares, usamos el infinitivo y aadimos la terminacin "-ed". La forma es la misma para todas personas (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

Ejemplos: want

Play
want wanted

Play
wanted

learn

Play
learn learned

Play
learned

stay

Play
stay stayed

Play
stayed

walk

Play
walk walked

Play
walked

show

Play
show showed

Play

showed

i Excepciones:
1. Para verbos que terminan en una "e", slo aadimos "-d. o Ejemplos: o change

Play
change changed

Play
changed
o

believe

Play
believe believed

Play
believed 2. Si el verbo termina en una vocal corta y una consonante (excepto "y" o "w"), doblamos la consonante final. o Ejemplos: o stop

Play
stop stopped

Play
stopped
o

commit

Play
commit committed

Play
committed 3. Con verbos que terminan en una consonante y una "y", se cambia la "y" para una "i". o Ejemplos: o study

Play
study studied

Play
studied
o

try

Play
try tried

Play
tried

Nota: Hay muchos verbos irregulares en ingls. Desafortunadamente, no hay reglas fijadas para formarlos. A continuacin tienes los tres verbos irregulares ms comunes y los que actan como verbos auxiliares.
Verb be do have Past Simple was (I, he, she, it) / were (you, we, they) did had

Ms informacin sobre los verbos irregulares

Pronunciation (Pronunciacin)
Pronunciamos la terminacin "-ed" de forma diferente dependiendo de la letra que va al final del infinitivo. En general la "e" es muda.

1. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "p", "f", "k" o "s" (consonantes sordas, excepto "t") pronunciamos la terminacin" "-ed" como una "t". o Ejemplos: o looked looked

Play
[lukt]
o

kissed kissed

Play
[kisst] 2. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "b", "g", "l", "m", "n", "v", "z" (consonantes sonoras, excepto "d") o una vocal, pronunciamos slo la "d". o Ejemplos: o yelled yelled

Play
[jeld]
o

cleaned cleaned

Play
[klind] 3. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "d" o "t", pronunciamos la "e" como una "i". o Ejemplos: o ended ended

Play
[endid]
o

waited waited

Play
[weitid]

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) o Ejemplos: o I wanted to dance. (Quera bailar.) o She was a doctor. (Era doctora.) o They learned English. (Aprendieron ingls.) o We believed him. (Le cremos.) Sujeto + verbo principal. 2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas) o Ejemplos: o I didn't want to dance. (No quera bailar.) o She wasn't a doctor. (No era doctora.) o They didn't learn English. (No aprendieron ingls) o We didn't believe him. (No le cremos.) Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to do") + "not" + verbo principal.

Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did") y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.
3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) o Ejemplos: o Did you want to dance? (Queras bailar?) o Was she a doctor? (Era doctora?) o Did they learn English? (Aprendieron ingles?) o Did you believe him? (Le creste?) Verbo auxiliar ("to do") + sujeto + verbo principal?

Nota: Como en frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did") y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.

Uses (Usos)
1. El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de una accin concreta que comenz y acab en el pasado. En este caso equivale al pretrito indefinido espaol. Generalmente, lo usamos con adverbios del tiempo como "last year", "yesterday", "last night"... o Ejemplos: o Tom stayed at home last night. (Tom se qued en casa anoche.) o Kate worked last Saturday. (Kate trabaj el sbado pasado.) o I didn't go to the party yesterday. (No fui a la fiesta ayer.) o Did they walk to school this morning? (Andaron a la escuela esta maana?) 2. Se usa el pasado simple para un serie de acciones en el pasado. o Ejemplos:

I received the good news and immediately called my husband. (Recib la buena noticia y llam de inmediato a mi marido.) o He studied for an hour in the morning, worked all afternoon and didn't return home until 10 at night. (Estudi durante una hora por la maana, trabaj toda la tarde y no regres a casa hasta las 10 de la noche.) 3. Tambin lo usamos para acciones repetidas o habituales en el pasado, como se usa el pretrito imperfecto espaol. o Ejemplos: o We always traveled to Cancun for vacation when we were young. (Siempre viajbamos a Cancun durante las vacaciones cuando ramos jvenes.) o He walked 5 kilometers every day to work. (Caminaba 5 kilmetros hasta el trabajo cada da.) 4. Lo usamos para narraciones o acciones de perodos de largo tiempo en el pasado, como el pretrito imperfecto espaol. o Ejemplos: o I worked for many years in a museum. (Trabajaba en un museo durante muchos aos.) o She didn't eat meat for years. (No coma carne durante aos.) 5. Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos del pasado. o Ejemplos: o The Aztec lived in Mexico. (Los aztecas vivan en Mxico) o I played the guitar when I was a child. (Tocaba la guitarra cuando era nio.)