NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Chapter 15:

Vectors

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 1) The diagram shows two vectors, AO and AB .
y A(3, 5) 3 B O x

Express (a) (b) x OA in the form . y AB in the form xi + yj. 3 OA = 5

Solution (a)

(b)

AB = AO + OB = (3i 5j) + 3j = 3i 2j

Pointers Use the coordinates in the Cartesian plane to determine the position vector regardless of the direction given in the question. 3 In this question, the coordinates of point A are (3, 5). So, OA = = 3i +5j. 5

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 1) The points A, B and C are collinear. It is given that AB = (3 + k )a 6b and BC = 2a 2b , where k is a constant. Find (a) the value of k . (b) the ratio of AB : BC. Solution (a) Given AB = (3 + k )a 6b and BC = 2a 2b . Since points A, B and C are collinear, then 3 + k 6 = 2 2 3+k=6 k=3
(b) AB = 6a 6b = 6(a b) BC = 2(a b)

AB = 3BC Thus, AB : BC = 3 : 1
Pointers Collinear points have the same direction. We use the ratio theorem to solve them. Express parallel vectors in terms of each other to determine the ratio of the magnitude. AB 3 Take note that = does not exist. BC 1

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 2)

The diagram shows a trapezium ABCD.
B F C

It is given that AB = 4 y, AD = 10 x, AE = (a) (b)

3 2 AD and BC = AD . 10 5 Express AC in terms of x and y .

Point F lies inside the trapezium ABCD such that 4 EF = mAB , where m is a constant. (i) Express AF in terms of m, x and y . (ii) Hence, if points A, F and C are collinear, find the value of m.

Solution (a) AC = AB + BC 2 = 4 y + AD 5 2 = 4 y + (10 x) 5 = 4 y + 4x

(b) (i)
AF = AE + EF 3 m = AD + AB 10 4 3 m = (10 x) + (4 y ) 10 4 = 3 x + my

(ii)

If points A, F and C are collinear, then AF = h AC , where h is a constant. 3 x + my = h(4 y + 4 x) 3 x + my = 4hx + 4hy Thus, 3 = 4h and 3 h= 4
m = 4h 3 = 4 4 =3

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Pointers Use the triangle law to find AC . Express AF = h AC since A, F and C are collinear. Equate the two expressions of AF and solve the two equations involving the coefficients of x and y simultaneously to find the value of m.

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 1)

The diagram shows a rectangle OPQR and the point A lies on the straight line OQ.
R Q

9y
A O P

12 x

It is given that OA =

1 AQ. Express OA in terms of x and y . 3

Solution OQ = OP + PQ = 12 x + 9 y
Since OA = 1 AQ , 3 1 OA = OQ 4 1 = 12 x + 9 y 4 9 = 3x + y 4

Pointers OQ can be expressed as the sum OP + PQ using the triangular law. 1 1 Since it is given OA = AQ, OA : OQ = 1 : 4 and OA = OQ . 3 4

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 1)

The following information refers to the vectors a and b . 2 6 a= , b= 5 3 Find (a) the vector 2a b (b) the unit vector in the direction of 2a b .

Solution
(a) 2 6 2a b = 2 5 3 4 6 = 10 3 4 + 6 = 10 3 2 = 7 (b) Unit vector in the direction of 2a b =

2i + 7 j 22 + 7 2 2i + 7 j 53

Pointers The combined operation of multiplying the vector a by the scalar 2 and followed by the subtraction of the two vectors 2a and b is performed in (a). To find the unit vector in the direction of 2a b , the vector 2a b is divided by its magnitude.

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

Cloned SPM Question (Paper 2)

The diagram shows a triangle OPQ. The point A lies on OP such that OA : OP = 3 : 4 and the point B is the midpoint of PQ. The straight line AQ intersects the straight line OB at the point C.
Q

B C O A P

It is given that OP = 8 x and OQ = 6 y .

(a) (b) (c) Express the following in terms of x and y . (i) BP (ii) OB Using OC = hOB and QC = kQA , where h and k are constants, find the values of h and k. Given x = 3 units, y = 2 units and QOP = 90, find QA .

Solution
(a) (i) 1 BP = QP 2 1 = QO + OP 2 1 = 6 y + 8 x 2 = 4x 3y Q B C O (ii) OB = OQ + QB = 6 y + 4x 3y = 4x + 3 y (b)

( (

) )

6y

8x

OC = hOB
= h 4x + 3y = 4hx + 3hy

QC = kQA

( ) = k ( 6 y + 6 x )
= k QO + OA = 6ky + 6kx

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NEXUS VISTA SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4 & 5 Page 278 (More Cloned SPM Questions)

Supplementary Materials for

OC = OQ + QC 4hx + 3hy = 6 y + 6kx 6ky = (6 6k ) y + 6kx Hence, And 4h = 6k 2h = 3k (1) 3h = 6 6k h = 2 2k (2)

Substitute (2) into (1). 2(2 2k) = 3k 4 4k = 3k 7k = 4 4 k= 7 4 Substitute k = into (1). 7 4 2h = 3 7 34 h= 27 6 = 7 (c) QA = = OA + OQ 6x + 6 y
2 2 2 2 2

= 36 x + 36 y

6y

= 36(9) + 36(4)
= 468 = 21.63 units O

6x

Pointers Since B is the midpoint of PQ, QB = BP = 4 x 3 y and this is used to find OB in a(ii).
3 3 Given OA : OP = 3 : 4 implies that OA = OP = (8 x) = 6 x . This is used in (b) to find 4 4 QC and in (c) to find QA .

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