AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 2 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................................... 2 APPARATUS ............................................................................................................................................. 2 PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................................ 4 RESULT AND CALCULATION .................................................................................................................... 5 DISCUSSION............................................................................................................................................. 6 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................................... 7 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................ 7 APPENDIXES ............................................................................................................................................ 8

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

INTRODUCTION
Impact value of an aggregate is the percentage loss of weight of particles passing 2.36mm sieve by the application on load by mean of 15 blows of standard hammer and drop under specified test condition. The aggregate impact value gives a relation measure of the resistance of an aggregate to sudden shock or impact, which in some aggregates differs from their resistance to a slowly applied compressive load. General: Normally the aggregate impact value of base course is 30, bituminous bound macadam is about 35 and the cement concrete base course is 30. Significance: the test gives an idea of toughness of the aggregate to resist facture under the impact of moving loads.

OBJECTIVE
This experiment is to determine the aggregate impact value in the laboratory.

APPARATUS
1. Impact Testing Machine: It consists of a cylindrical hammer of 13.5kg (30lbs) sliding freely between two vertical supports (called guides). Its fall is automatically adjusted to a height of 38cm. there is a brass plate over which an open cylindrical steel cup of internal diameter 10.2cm and 5cm depth is placed and fixed to the brass plate. 2. Measure: A cylinder of internal diameter 7.5cm and 5cm deep for measure aggregate. 3. Tamping rod of 1cm diameter and 23cm long rounded at one end and pointed at the other end. 4. Sieves: 12.5mm, 10mm, 2.36mm opening. 5. Balance: 5000g capacity

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13 6. Laboratory oven capable of maintaining a constant temperature up to 110C. Apparatus for the Aggregate Impact Value Test (Millard, 1993)

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

PROCEDURE

The aggregate is sieved and the portion passing 12.5mm is obtained and on 10mm sieve is retained.

This aggregate is filled in the cylindrical measure in 3 layers, tapping each layers 25 times with the tamping rod. The surface tamping rod is leveled as a using the straight edge.

The aggregate is weighted in the measure. This weight of aggregate is used for the duplicate test on the same material.

The aggregate is transferred from the cylindrical measure to the cup in 3 layers and compact each layer by tamping in 25 strokes with the tamping rod.

The hammer is released for fall freely on the aggregate. The test sample is subjected to a total of 15 blows.

The aggregate sample is removed from the cup and sieve through 2.36mm sieve.

The fraction passing the sieve is weighted.

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

RESULT AND CALCULATION

Sample Weight of cup (gm) Weight Weight before crush before + cup (gm) crush (gm) 3140 2860 3000 310 315 313 Weight retained 2.36 mm sieve (gm) 260 225 243 Weight passing 2.36 mm sieve (gm) 55 80 68

A B Average

2830 2545

Weight before crush Weight before crush = weight before crush + cup (gm) weight of cup (gm) Weight before crush Sample A = 3140 2830 = 310 gm

Average Average = Average for weight before crush (gm) = = 313 gm Percent wear (average) Percent wear (average) = Percent wear (average) = x 100 % x 100 %

= 21.73 % AW = 21.73% < 30% JKR Standard Specification for Road Works.

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

DISCUSSION
Toughness is the property of a material to resist impact. Due to traffic loads, the road stones are subjected to the pounding action or impact and there is possibility of stones breaking into smaller pieces. The road stones should be tough enough to resist fracture under impact. A test designed to evaluate the toughness of stones called Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) test to determine the resistance of the fracture under repeated impacts for road stones. The Limits: Less 10% exceptionally strong. 1020% strong. 2030% satisfactory for road surfacing. More 35% weak for road surfacing.

From the AIV result we got 21.73%, the result is satisfactory for road surfacing and required by JKR specification and BS 812:112:1990 standard normally the aggregate impact value for sample test is 30%. During the experiment was carried out few precaution step should be taken to avoid the error. Some factor can cause why the result of AIV value couldnt meet the actual requirement needed. The factor is caused by: 1) Parallax error effect the result when test carried out. 2) Careless when conduct the AIV test equipment. 3) Water contents aggregate is main factor to give the toughness to the aggregate. Aggregate that we have used to AIV test is not dried properly or it may contain high water contents. 4) A void mass reading error. 5) This may be due to the specifications that eliminate troublesome aggregate or construction practices that can accommodate aggregate with low toughness and abrasion resistance. 6) The aggregate that we use may be having some chemistry reaction at storage. It factor will reduce the strength.

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

7) The aggregate also exposed to shrinkage and expansion when it exposed to

weathering. When the aggregate always effect the mechanism the toughness and abrasion of aggregate will decrease.

CONCLUSION
From the experiment, the value we had got was 21.73% which is less than the requirement of JKR Standard, 30%. Aggregate physical property must lower Aggregate Impact Value because it is tougher and resistance to crushed. Hence, we can conclude that the aggregate been used are medium tough and can resistance to the crash. This is because the value was fulfilled which half than the JKRs requirement. These experiments were successful because the value was still not over the JKRs requirement.

REFERENCES
http://www.ajbasweb.com/ajbas/2012/July/9-14.pdf https://law.resource.org/pub/my/ibr/ms.jkr.20800.2005.pdf http://www.scribd.com/doc/22056086/Aggregate-Impact-Test

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

APPENDIXES

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AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST GROUP 12|SECTION 6|2012/13

Aggregate filled in the cylindrical in 3 layers

The test sample is subjected to a total of 15 blows

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