Index

The ABC of Action Learning, 6, 41, 156, 159, 163, 171 The ABC of Action Learning : A Review of 25 Years of Experience, 156 Abernathy, W., 158 Academy of Human Resource Development (AHRD), 88, 169 achievement versus quality of life, 211, 216 action, significance of, 285 Action Learning, 171 Action Learning: Ein Handbuch, 171 Action Learning: How the Worlds Top Companies are Re-Creating Their Leaders and Themselves, 171 Action Learning: Images and Pathways, 74, 172 Action Learning: New Techniques for Management, 41, 157 Action Learning: Research and Practice, 84, 172, 173 action learning, definition of, 3, 67, 18, 83, 12930, 148, 155, 164, 285 Action Learning Action Research and Process Management Association, 168 Action Learning and Mutual Collaboration Congress, 42, 74 Action Learning at Work, 171 Action Learning Group, 157 Action Learning in Action, 171 Action Learning in Hospitals: Diagnosis and Therapy, 153 Action Learning in Practice, 163 Action Learning Projects (ALP) International, 14850 action learning set/team, 285 basic forms of, 1316 problem addressed by, and realness, 13 Action Learning Society, Sweden (Freningen Action Learning), 1612 Action Learning Team Process Questionnaire (ALTPQ), 285 Action Learning Trust (ALT), 1556, 161 Action Learning Worldwide: Experiences of Leadership and Organizational Development, 172 Action Reflection Learning (ARL), 24, 156, 165, 190n158, 1945n191, 285 Action Society Trust, 119, 132, 136, 1778n65 Adler, N., 208, 209 The Adult Learner, 150 Adverse Size Effect, 37 advisor, see facilitator; learning coach African Regional Forum (Mbizo) on Business Driven Action Learning, 172 Alinsky, S., 124, 128, 147 Americanized version of action learning, 1645 American Productivity and Quality Center, 157 American Society for Training and Development (ASTD), 169, 196n203 Anderson, M., 119 Andersson, L.O., 162, 192n171 Andragogik (Adult Education), 119 Ansoff, I., 44, 168 Approaches to the Study of Organizational Behaviour: Operational Research and the Behavioural Sciences, 144 qvist, A-I.M., 120 Arendt, H., 12 Argyris, C., 134, 135, 152, 157, 168, 169, 224 Ashby, W. R., 132, 152 Bamforth, K., 130, 132 Baquer, A., 148, 149

291

292

Index Business Driven Action Learning: Global Best Practices, 172 General Electric Business Management Course (BMC), 167, 195n196 Butterfield, J., 157, 167, 171 Caidan, B., 167 Cambridge Philosophical Society, 61 Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), 134 Casey, D., 149, 154, 156 Cathcart, B., 61 Cavendish Laboratory, see Revans Cavendish Physical Society, 61 Cederholm, L., 165, 168 Central Training Organ (CTO), 109 Chadwick, J., 61, 63 Chambers Encyclopaedia, 51 change acceleration program, GE, 287 change and learning, velocity of balance between, 7 Learning Equation, 812 Changing Hospitals: A Report on the Hospital Internal Communications Project, 145 Chester, T.E., 179n65 Chinese Values Survey (CVS), 217 Chorofas, D.N., 137 Christopher, R.C., 228 Chu, C-N., 225, 227 Clearness Committee, 549 Clemens, R., 142 client, 15, 22, 100, 101, 105, 217, 286 choice, 160 Clive Memorandum, 161, 192n175 Clutterbuck, D., 44, 154, 167 Coal Board, 378, 6870, 97, 120, 12431, 286 Coghill, N.F., 153, 157, 188n156 College for Doctoral Studies in Management (CIM), 143 Collier, J., 128 Collins, C., 34 Confirming Cases, 41, 164 Cortazzi, D., 149, 152 Craig, J., 42, 139, 149, 153, 157, 194n184, 196n197 Crainer, S., 44, 167 critical reflection, 11, 12, 25, 26

Barker, A.E., 29, 46, 48, 52, 74, 77, 117, 167, 169, 177n59 Bateson, G., 147 Behavioral Science, 136 Belbin, M., 161 Belgian model, see Belgian experiment Belgium experiment, 1516, 9, 97 action phase, 105 advocacy for, 99 conceptual design, 1002 impact of, 1058 knowledge application to national efforts, 11112 significance of, 286 three-month diagnostic phase, 1034 two-month orientation phase, 1023 Bellon, D., 96, 98, 101, 102, 103, 104, 108 Bennis, W.G., 144, 164 Bertalanffy, L. von, 151 Bett, M., 155 Beyond Universities, 167 Bing, J., 285 Bing-fa, 227 Blake, R., 140 Blanc, M., 78 Bohr, N., 62 Book of Genesis, 27 Boshyk, Y., 48, 73, 96, 98, 117, 172, 205 Botham, D., 42, 73, 81, 169, 170, 171 Boulden, G., 157 Bowden, V., 64, 80 Bowman, M., 38 Bragg, W.L., 59 Brandt, J., 91 Bratt, B., 159, 162, 163, 1912n171 Brody, M., 208 Brook, C., 85 Brooke, M.Z., 159 Brown, B.F., 137 Buddhism and action learning, 21314 Burgoyne, J., 85 business driven action learning, 286

Index cross-cultural compatibility, of action learning, 205 corporate culture, 2225 cultural dichotomies, 21219 domains and sectors, 21920 Japan, hypothetical introduction of action learning program in, 22531 national cultural differences, nature and importance of, 20712 occupational groups, 2202 cultural blindness, 211 cultural dichotomies and action learning, 21219 field dependence versus field independence, 218 individualism versus collectivism, 215 inductive versus deductive reasoning, 21819 long-versus short term orientation, 21718 masculinity, 216 Power Distance, 21516 uncertainty avoidance, 21617 culture, 224 definition of, 210 dimension of, 210 Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, 168 Cybernetics, or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, 130 De Bono, E., 142 Deschoolmeester, D., 102, 103, 108, 112 Design for a Brain, 132 De Silva, E.J., 167 Deurinck, G., 98, 99, 134, 141, 165, 172, 180n72 Deutero-learning, 147 Developing Effective Managers: A New Approach to Business Education, 86, 144 Deveusser, D., 101, 103, 104, 107, 112 Dickson, W.J., 124

293

Dilworth, R.L., 3, 42, 48, 73, 91, 96, 117, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 205, 209, 220, 224, 285 Dingle, H., 53 Dixon, N., 164, 165 Dobinson, C.H., 132 Donnenberg, O., 169, 171 Dotlich, D.L., 164, 171 Drucker, P., 124 DuPont Korea, 172 Dutch Action Learning Society, 169 The Economist, 148 Eddington, A., 52, 53, 120 Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions, 12, 167 Education in a Changing World: A Symposium, 132 The Education of the Young Worker, 130, 131 Education Through Experience, 119 Egypt, see Nile Project Einstein, A., 35, 52, 53, 120 Eliaeson, P-J., 170 El Abd, A. 109 Emery, F., 151 The End of Economic Man, 124 engineering culture, 224 European Association of Management Training Centers (EAMTC), 39, 134, 135, 136, 141, 145, 170, 181n76 European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD), 98, 135, 145 European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management (EIASM), 158 European Productivity Agency, 137 everyone brings one (EBO) approach, 1416, 287 executive culture, 224 Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development, 154, 164

294

Index Global Forum on Executive Development and Business Driven Action Learning, 1701, 213 The Golden Jubilee of Action Learning: A collection of papers written during 1988, 167 Goode, E., 218 Goodenough, D.R., 218 Gordon, C., 165 Gow, I., 165 Grayson, C. J., 147, 157 Hague, D., 167 Hampden-Turner, C., 213 Handy, C., 165 Harvard Business Review, 148, 154, 155, 158 Hayes, R., 158 Heald, G., 144 Hellwig, H., 144, 255 Helmreich, R.L., 221 Hewlett, B., 222 Hofstede, G., 147, 168, 209, 211, 212, 215, 216, 217, 220, 221, 222 Honey, P., 86, 162 The Hospital as a Human System, 136 The Hospital as an Organism: A Study in Communication and Morale, 135 Hospital Internal Communications (HIC) Project, 401, 97, 143, 15961 Educational Assumptions of, 13940 significance of, 287 Hospitals: Communication, Choice and Change: The Hospital Internal Communications Project Seen from Within, 147 Houldsworth, H., 68, 132 The Human Factor in Business, 119 The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization, 121 The Human Side of Enterprise, 135 Humphrey, G., 121 hybrid set, 288

facilitation, Revans approach to, 234 facilitator, 23, 44, 84, 194n191 expert 3, 24, 26 see also learning coach Farrington, 168 Faster than thought: A Symposium on Digital Computing Machines, 64 Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers, 132 The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, 152, 168 The Financial Times, 148 finite game, 213 First International Action Learning Conference (2008), 173 First International Action Learning Mutual Collaboration Congress (1995), 169 First Nordic Regional Forum on Business Driven Action Learning (2009), 173 Fischer Report, 137 Fondation Industrie-Universit pour le perfectionnement des dirigeants denterprise (FIU), 134, 135, 141 Foot, R., 124, 125, 127 Freningen Action Learning (Action Learning Society, Sweden), 162 Foster Wheeler Power Products, 161, 162, 163, 193n176 The Foundation for Action Learning, 161, 163 Four Square Model, 1623, 287 Fowler, R., 61 Foy, N., 143, 145, 147, 148, 155, 177n61 Freire, P., 27, 144 future search conferences, 287 Galenson, W., 133 Garratt, B., 153, 156 Gasparski, W.W., 171 General Electric Company (GEC, U.K.), 151, 152, 186n133 General Electric, USA, 151, 164, 167, 186n138, 223 Gilbreth, F. B., 119

Index IBM, 222 Illuminative Incident Analysis, 152 Improving Health Care Management: Organization Development and Organization Change, 146, 159 individualism, 210 versus collectivism, 215 inductive versus deductive reasoning, 21819 Industrial Areas Foundation, 124 infinite game, 213 In Search of Excellence: Lessons from Americas Best Run Companies, 162 International Action Learning Seminar (1996), 106 The International Foundation for Action Learning (IFAL), 156, 163 International Management Centre from Buckingham (IMCB), 161, 162, 171, 193n181 International Society for Performance Improvement, 171 International University Contact for Management Education (IUC), 135, 145, 181n77 Inter-University Advanced Management Program, 40, 109, 142, 150 essence of, 99100 Janoff, S., 287 Japan, hypothetical introduction of action learning program in, 22531 Johnson & Johnson, 167 joint project model, 288 Joseph Rowntree Social Service, 119 Journal of Management Development, 165 Kendo, 227 Kerr, S., 104 Kleiner, A., 119 Knowledge for Action: A Guide to overcoming Barriers to Organizational Change, 169 Knowles, M. S., 150 Kolb, D., 86, 154, 162, 164 Kolodny, B., 165 Korean Action Association (KALA), 172

295

Labor and Trade Unionism: An Interdisciplinary Reader, 133 Langmuir, I., 175n24 Large-Scale Organization, 136 Laszlo, E., 90 Lawlor, A., 149, 156, 157 Lawrence, J., 149, 156, 157, 182n101 Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge, 164 leadership, of action learning teams, 235 Leadership in International Management (LiM), 24, 165, 190n158 learning coach, 3, 15, 245 significance of, 288 see also facilitator Learning Equation, 812, 43 significance of, 288 Learning Style Inventory: Technical Manual, 154 Learning to Work in Groups, 135 Leigh, H., 145 Lewin, K., 20, 117, 119, 120, 122, 125, 128, 129, 130, 132, 152, 181n82, 220 Likert, R., 136, 181n82 Lindblad, P., 188n158 Lindeman, E.C., 119 Link-up with Action Learning, 171 Lipset, S. M., 133 Lombard, G.F.F., 39, 40, 142 Loring, A., 149 Lotz, S., 165 Makers of Management: Men and Women Who Changed the Business World, 44, 165, 167 Management and Industrial Structure in Japan, 158 Management and the Worker, 124 Management in Lund (MiL) Institute, 23, 18890n158, 192n171 Management Teams: Why They Succeed or Fail, 161 Management Today, 148 The Managerial Grid, 140

296

Index Noel, J., 164, 171, 195n196 Nokin, M., 108, 134, 180n72 The Non-Graded High School, 137 Oates, L., 51, 52 Odebrecht, N., 165 ONeil, J., 23, 165 On Organizational Learning, 168 Operation Babel, 6970 Organizational Effectiveness, 151 Organizational Learning: A Theory of Action Perspective, 157 Organizational Learning II: Theory, Method, and Practice, 169 organizational size, importance of, 18 organizational development (OD), 11, 147, 151, 160 The Origins and Growth of Action Learning, 41, 161 Overcoming Organizational Defenses: Facilitating Organizational Learning, 168 Pachter, B., 208 Packard, D., 222 Palmer, P.J., 54 Pearce, D., 154, 156 Pearson, T., 165, 168 Pedagogy for the Oppressed, 144 Pedler, M., 84, 153, 163, 170, 214 Penalty box, 191n167 Percy, G., 157 Performance Improvement Quarterly, 29, 171 Personality and Organization: The Conflict Between the System and the Individual, 134 Personnel Review, 147, 148 Peters, T.J., 162 Physics in Medicine and Biology, 136 Piaget, J., 161 The Planning of Change, 144 Plans for Recruitment, Education and Training in the Coal Mining Industry, 125 Plasma, 1745n24 Platt, R., 38, 135, 153 Power Distance, 21011, 21516

Manchester Action Learning Exchange (MALEx), 167, 195 6n197 The Manual of Learning Styles, 162 Margerison, C., 128 Marquardt, M.J., 8, 12, 25, 171, 191n169, 212, 213, 214 Marsick, V., 23, 24, 165, 168, 190n158 Maslow, A., 133 May, G., 88 Mayo, E., 121, 125 McGregor, D., 135, 211 The Meaning of Adult Education, 119 mentor, see facilitator; learning coach Mercer, S., 195n196 Merritt, A.C., 221 Merritt, N.M, 133 Mezirow, J., 11 Miles, M., 135 Milwaukee Consortium, 142 More than Management Development: Action Learning at GEC, 154 Motion Study, 119 Motivation and Personality, 133 Mouton, J., 140 Muggeridge, M., 121 Mumford, A., 9, 21, 22, 26, 86, 162, 165, 170, 171 Musashi, M. 226 Nisbett, R., 218 Nanus, B., 164 Naoto S., 158, 159, 206 National Association of Colliery Managers, 97, 131, 132 National Coal Board, 97, 120 see also Coal Board National level experiments, with action learning, 96 Belgium experiment, 97 National Spontaneity, 105, 106 The Nature of Learning in its Relation to the Living System, 121 Newbold, D., 163, 193n176 New Patterns of Management, 136 New Scientist, 148 New Society, 137 Nile project, 96, 102, 10811, 1445, 288

Index The Principles of Scientific Management, 119 problem-solving, joint form of, 14 Productive Workplaces: Organizing and Managing For Dignity, Meaning and Community, 166 programmed knowledge, 8, 288 Programming Systems for Electronic Computers, 137 Quakerism, see Revans Questioning Insight (Q), 9, 10, 70, 91 significance of, 289 Randlesome, C., 165 Realness and action learning problem, 13 Reddish, H., 224 reflection of action, 256 The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action, 164 Resolving Social Conflicts: Selected Papers on Group Dynamics, 130 Revans, E.A., 118 Revans, R.W., 3, 4, 6, 11, 20, 23, 29, 48, 118, 156 action learning basics, 43 attributes of, 456 back to U.K., 151 in Belgium, 3940 in Cambridge and Cavendish Laboratory, 5964 clearness committee and, 549 in coal mines and industry, 378, 6870, 12431 cultural compatibility and, 206 as Deputy Chief Education Officer, 356 early years, 301, 11819 honors for, 445 Hospital Internal Communications (HIC) Project, 401, 97, 13940 as independent research consultant, 1313 as Johnny Appleseed, 756 last days of, 46 management exposure of, 367 in Manchester University, 389, 1338

297

parents and childhood of, 4852 personality and character of, 7381 postgraduate activities, 323 post-retirment period and, 412 Quakerism and, 529 relevancy to present generation, 834 return to Cambridge, 1202 seeds of action learning, 335 self-exile of, 140 sets, see action learning set/team student years, 312, 11922 from Tilstock, 42 uniqueness of, 867 visit to America, 104 during World War II, 648, 1224 Revans Action Learning International Limited (RALI), 161, 1623 Revans Centre for Action Learning and Research, 88, 169, 170 Reveille for Radicals, 128 Richards, I.A., 69 Roethlisberger, F., 124 Rohlin, L., 156, 162, 165, 188n158, 192n171 Roote, S., 152 Rose, J., 130 Rosenstock, E., 119 Rowntree, B.S., 119 Rowntree, J., 179n65 Rugby Cement, 223 Rules for Radicals: A Pragmatic Primer for Realistic Radicals, 147 Russell, B., 34, 54, 134 Rutherford, E., 34, 61, 62, 63 Saad Ashmawy, 108, 144, 145, 158 Sapp, 168 Sargent, J., 122 Scandinavian Action Learning Society, 162, 193n177 Schein, E.H., 135, 223, 224 Schn, D.A., 12, 152, 157, 164, 167, 169 Schumacher, E.F., 17, 132, 150 Science and the Manager, 140, 141 Seashore, 136

298

Index The Teaching Company, 153 Terroux, F., 34 Theory in Practice: Increasing Professional Effectiveness, 152 The Theory of Practice in Management, 141 Theory X/Theory Y, 211 The Thirties, 121 The Times, 153 Thomson, J.J, 59, 60, 62, 124 Tichy, N., 23, 164, 171, 186n138, 194n188 Toward a Sociology Ecology, 151 traditional action learning, 3 basic precepts, 5 significance of, 286 Training the Fire Brigade: Preparing for the Unimaginable, 170 transformative learning, 11 significance of, 289 Treaty of Rome (1957), 134 Trevelyan, G.M., 59 Trist, E., 120, 130, 131, 132, 144, 151, 157, 164, 191n165 Trompenaars, F., 210, 213, 217, 222 Turner, E., 165, 168 Ubuntu, 214 Ullyat, M., 157 uncertainty avoidance, 211, 21617 Understanding Organizational Behaviour, 135 The Use of Lateral Thinking, 142 Vansina, L., 107 Vick, D., 76 Vickers, G., 131, 177n59 virtual organization/virtuality, 290 Wallenberg, R., 120 Waterman, Jr., R.H., 162 Watkins, K., 165 Watson, T., 222 The Wedding Feast, 70 Weinstein, K., 170 Weinstock, A., 149, 150 Weintraub, R., 213 Weisbord, M., 7, 166, 287

self-exile, of Revans, 140 first phase of Belgian years, 1403 second phase of Belgian years, 14351 Senge, P., 90, 152, 168 The Sequence of Managerial Achievement, 164 simulations, 5 Size and Morale: A Preliminary Study of Attendance at Work in Large and Small Units, 119, 132, 179n65 Small Is Beautiful: Economics As If People Mattered, 132, 150 small is dutiful, 84, 132, 150 Small is Dutiful, 37 The Social Problems of Industrial Civilization, 125 Socite Gnrale, 134 Sociological Review Monograph, 136 spontaneity, 56 Sri Lanka Journal of Development Administration, 167 Staff College, 126, 127 Standards for Morale: Cause and Effect in Hospitals, 138 Steps to an Ecology of Mind, 147 Stonier, M., 172 Strandler, L., 162, 192n171, 193n177 Structure dacceuil, 289 Studies in Institutional Learning, 142 Sun Tzu, 227 Survey of Cybernetics: A Tribute to Dr. Norbert Wiener, 130 Survival, Growth, and Perpetuity, 165 Sutton, D., 149, 156 Symoens, D., 108 System Alpha, 10, 43, 183n110 significance of, 289 System Beta, 1011, 43, 183n110 significance of, 289 System Gamma, 11, 33, 34, 43, 184n110 significance of, 289 Tavistock Institute for Human Relations, 120, 128, 130, 144, 176n58 Taylor, F., 119

Index Welch, J., 223 Wheatley, M., 90 Wickham, J., 151 Wieland, G., 41, 145, 146, 159 Wiener, N., 130, 132, 152 Williams, D., 149 Willis, V., 6, 74, 87, 88, 170, 172, 224 Witkin, H., 218

299

World Institute of Action Learning (WIAL), 24 Yoon, K. R., 172 Yorkshire Regional Management Centre, 85 Zhou Jianhua, 214