Hogahm

Products
Practical Torque Sensors for Automotive Powertrain

1. Torque Sensors

2. Automated Manual
Transmission System Algorithm

3. Powertrain Analysis System

The company

Introduction
A very dynamic power system such as an automobile needs to monitor its power
output during operation in order to control the system properly. Yet existing
automobiles are without a direct method of measuring their power output, and variety
of indirect methods are applied to estimate the torque (power output) information.

Founding of Hogahm Technology was motivated by this need for a practical way to
measure torque from the powertrain of a vehicle in operation.

Hogahm Technology has gathered large amount of data and accumulated

experiences through operational experiments with the torque sensor installed on a
manual transmission vehicle. As a consequence, an AMT (Automated Manual
Transmission) system utilizing the benefits of torque sensor was developed and tested
as well.

Our first torque sensor is a clutch-disk type which is applicable to a manual

transmission vehicle. The follow-on torque sensors are applicable to DMF and torque-
converter systems. Design and prototypes have been developed.

Since its founding in 2000, Hogahm Technology has devoted all its efforts towards
developing the technologies. Now, having reached a certain level of technical maturity,
the company is preparing to market its products.

History
2000.07 Hogahm Technology Inc,. founded

2000.12 Korea patent awarded (followed by US & China patents)

SAE World Congress 2001, paper presentation:

2001.03 Development of a clutch disk type TS(Torque sensor) for an automobile

2001.05 Completion of the 1st Gen. clutch disk type TS prototype testing

Joint development contract with Korea Automotive Technology Institute:

2002.08-2005.07 Development of a torque sensor and AMT algorithm
Completion of 2nd Gen. clutch disk type TS prototype testing
2003.03 Completion of 1nd Gen. AMT prototype on MATIZ model

2004.02 Completion of 2nd Gen. AMT engineering prototype

2004.05 Completion of DMF and torque-converter types TS design

2005.01 Completion of Powertrain Analysis System

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 1 - Torque Sensors

Clutch Disk Type Torque Sensor

The sensor system consists of a
modified clutch disk, a pick-up
sensor and an electronic circuit.
Posts
Clutch disk is modified to enable
sensing of damper spring
deformations due to applied torque.

Modified clutch disk, signal

Signal Detector
detector together with signal
processing electronic circuit
Modified Clutch Disk
comprise the torque sensor.

DMF and torque converter-types TS are in preparation.

RPM & torque data of a manually shifted driving

Torque sensor is capable of
picking up the fine details of
the torque signatures on the
powertrain during manually
operated gear shifts.

Figure on the right shows

the shift sequence of 1st
gear to the 2nd. The upper
curve shows RPM and the
lower curve shows torque
expressed in terms of angle
displacements.

The signature varies depending on the driver; notice that the shift signatures are almost
the same for two shifts shown on the figure.

Performance of clutch disk type Torque Sensor

Performance of Clutch Disk type Torque Sensor
Performance Remarks
Sensitivity Better than 1 % of full scale value
Accuracy Better than 5% of nominal value
Responsiveness 25ms @ 600 [rpm], 2.5ms @ 6000 [rpm] 4-cylinder engine
RPM Range 150 ~ 7500 [rpm]
Output Format ±10V Analog (12 bit DAC)
Operating Voltage 12 [V]
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2 – Automated Manual Transmission Algorithm

AMT installed in Matiz

Hogahm AMT algorithm utilizes torque
sensor information; therefore it adapts to
the variances of the powertrain
characteristics spontaneously.

Hogahm has developed an engineering

prototype on a subcompact model Matiz.

The same algorithm is

applicable to any automobile
including heavy-duty
commercial vehicles.

Performance of AMT in Matiz

In-house performance tests Riding Comforts

revealed favorable drivability.

Shifting times are measured for Creep OK

the duration of interrupted
torque during the shifts. Hill Start OK (10% grade)

Smooth shifting and reducing Hill Descend OK

shifting time are possible due
to the use of accurate and Fast Off OK
instantaneous torque
information in control algorithm.
Abrasive Start OK

Shifting Time

Gear Shifts Shifting time seconds

1st to 2nd 0.91

2nd to 3rd 0.97

3rd to 4th 0.85

4th to 5th 0.98

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 2 - Automated Manual Transmission Algorithm

AMT System Block Diagram

- Engine RPM
- Throttle Position Engine Map
- Brake/Accel Shift Map
- Gear Position
- Clutch Position
- Hill
- Speed TCU
- Load
- Torque - Current Acceleration
- Clutch RPM - Next Gear Acceleration

Throttle Clutch Shift

Actuator Actuator Actuator
Wheel

Torque Manual
Engine Clutch
Sensor Transmission

Wheel

A torque sensor based AMT is distinguished from ordinary AMT for its ease of
adaptation to the differences and variances of individual vehicles.

The torque sensor detects the moment of clutch engagement, and sends a signal to
TCU, enabling TCU algorithm to perform smooth clutch engagement. The changes
in clutch engagement position due to weather condition change or clutch wear are
accommodated by the TCU algorithm.

A torque sensor based TCU algorithm can operate independently from engine
control, eliminating the need to control engine in accordance with TCU needs.

The same TCU algorithm is applicable to both subcompact cars and heavy duty
commercial vehicles by just adjusting related actuator parameters.

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3 – Powertrain Torque Analysis System

Powertrain Analysis System

The system consists of torque

sensor (clutch disk type /
torque converter type), control
circuit box and analysis
software.

Modified Clutch Disk Signal Detector The system is located inside

the vehicle and acquires data
from an operating vehicle on
the road.

The output data are:

• Torque
• Clutch rpm
• Engine rpm
• Relative phase
information between
crank-shaft and
transmission input shaft

Control Circuit Box

Online Monitoring System

Test data are transferred and

stored into PC data file via CAN
protocol. Test data online
monitoring is provided graphically.

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 3 – Powertrain Torque Analysis System

Powertrain Vibrations - example of data analyses

Torque sensor detects different modes of vibrations on the shaft.

pw1 & pw2 (03.04.16) PW1 & pw2 (v2-03.4.7-uphill)

2000 2000
1800 1800
plate post plate post
1600 1600 Hub post
hub post
1400 1400
1200 1200
1000 1000
800 800
600 600
400 400
200 200
0 0
6.5 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Second Clock, seconds

Crankshaft and transmission input shaft
oscillate in-phase during gear position
dependent natural vibrations.
This type of vibrations may be attributed to
front wheel suspension system.
Crankshaft and transmission input shaft
oscillate in opposite phase during load
dependent shaft vibrations.
This type of vibrations may be attributed to
damper springs of clutch disk.

Performance of Powertrain Torque Analysis System

Performance of Powertrain Torque Analysis System

Performance Remarks

CPU Device C167CR-LM-25 Clock : 20[MHz]

Sensitivity Better than 1 % of full scale value

Accuracy Better than 5% of nominal value

25ms @ 600 [rpm]
Responsiveness 4-cylinder engine
2.5ms @ 6000 [rpm]
RPM Range 150 ~ 7500 [rpm]

Torque, Clutch rpm,

Output Format 3 channel, ±10V Analog (12 bit DAC)
Engine rpm

Operating Voltage 220[VAC], 12 [VDC]

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Keun-Ho Chang, Ph.D

Hogahm Technology Inc.

Address : TBI 232 KIMM, Jang-dong Yuseong-ku, Daejeon Korea 305-343
Telephone : +82 - 42 - 868 - 7031
Facsimile : +82 - 42 - 861 - 3855

Website : www.hogahm.com

E-mail : kh370@hogahm.com