REASONING QUIZ ON COURSE OF ACTIONS

Topic: Statement and courses of action Directions: In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing. Give answer (a) If only I follow (b) If only II follows (c) If either I or II follows (d) If neither I nor II follows and (e) If both I and II follows Statement: As many as ten coaches of a passenger train has derailed and blocked both pairs of the railway tracks. Courses of action: I. The railway authorities should immediately send men and equipment to the spot to clear the railway tracks. II. All the trains running in both the directions should be diverted to other routes. Statement: Most of the development plans develop in papers only. Courses of action: I. The in charges should be instructed to supervise the field work regularly. II. The supply of paper to such departments should be cut short. Statement: The chairman stressed the need for making education system more flexible and regretted that the curriculum has not been revised in keeping with the pace of changes taking place. Courses of action: I. curriculum should be reviewed and revised periodically. II. System of education should be made more flexible. Statement: There is an unprecedented increase in the migration of villagers to urban areas as repeated crop failure has put them into precarious financial situation. Courses of action: I. The villagers should be provided with alternate source of income in their villages which will make them stay put. II. The migrated villagers should be provided with jobs in the urban areas to help them survive. Statement: India has been continuously experiencing military threats from its neighbouring countries. Courses of action: I. India should engage into an all out war to stop the nagging threats. II. India should get the neighbours into a serious dialogue to reduce the tension at its borders. Statement: There has been less than forty percent voter turnout in the recent assembly elections. Courses of action:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

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8.

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10.

I. The election commission should cancel the entire election process as the votes cast are not adequate to represent people. II. The election commission should take away the voting rights of those who didnt exercise their rights. Statement: The C.B.I receives the complaint of an officer taking bride to do the duty he is supposed to. Courses of action: I. CBI should try to catch the officer red-handed and then take a strict action against him. II. CBI should wait for some more complaints about the officer to be sure about the matter. Statement: Many medical and engineering graduates are taking up jobs in administrative services and in banks. Courses of actions: I. All the professionals should be advised to refrain from taking up such jobs. II. The govt. should appoint a committee to find out the reasons for these professional taking up such jobs and to suggest remedial measures Statement: The cinema halls are incurring heavy losses these days as people prefer to watch movies in home on TV than to visit cinema halls. Courses of action: I. The cinema halls should be demolished and residential multi-storey buildings should be constructed here. II. The cinema halls should be converted into shopping malls. Statement: Due to substantial reduction in fares by different airline services, large number of passengers so far travelling by upper classes in train has switched over to airline services. Courses of action: I. The railways should immediately reduce the fare structure of the upper classes substantially to retain its passengers. II. The railways should reduce the capacity of upper classes in all the trains to avoid loss. Answers: e 1 a 2 e 3 a 4 b 5

6 7 8 9 10

d a b d a

Answers with explanations: 1. The situation demands first diverting other trains to different routes so as to avert any accident, and then clearing the tracks as soon as possible. Thus, both the courses follow. 2. Clearly, proper supervision alone can see the development in practice. So, only course I follows.

3. Clearly, the situation demands making the education system more flexible and changing it periodically according to the needs of the time. So, both the courses follow. 4. Clearly, increasing migration would add to the burden on citys infrastructure. So, attempts should be made to make the villagers feel comfortable in the villages itself. So, only course I follows. 5. Clearly, war is the last resort. First, peaceful talks and negotiations should be indulged in, to settle the issues of dispute. So, only course II follows. 6. Re-election would demand repeated expenses and following course II would reduce the voter base permanently. Instead, an awareness should be created among the people to use their right to vote effectively. So, neither I nor II follows. 7. Clearly, one complaint is enough for a wrong doing. This should be confirmed by catching the guilty red-handed and then strict action taken against him. So, only course I follows. 8. Following course I would be an infringement of the right to freedom of individuals. However, if the lackening of their respective fields are found out and removed, the professionals would surely give up the idea of opting for other jobs. Hence, only course II follows. 9. Doing away with cinema halls is no solution. Hence, none of the courses follows. Instead, certain incentives and promotional schemes should be awarded to cinema hall owners so that they could manage to draw in crowds. 10. Airlines, being convenient and faster means of transport, people would surely prefer it to the railways if there is a marginal difference between the fares. Hence, a considerable gap between the two fares is a must for the railways. So, course I follows. Following course II would reduce the volume of passengers. Hence, II does not follow.

REASONING QUIZ ON ASSUMPTIONS

Topic: Statement and Assumptions 1. Statement: These apples are too cheap to be good. Assumptions: I. When the apple crop is abundant, the prices go down. II. The lower the selling price, the inferior is the quality to the commodity. III. Very cheap apples are also good. (a) None is implicit (b) Only I and III are implicit. (c) Only II is implicit (d) Only II and III are implicit. (e) All are implicit 2. Statements: In spite of the heavy rains the traffic has not been disrupted this year. Assumptions: I. The traffic is disrupted in rainy seasons only. II. Rains do not affect traffic movement. III. Adequate precautions were taken for traffic management during rainy season. (a) Only I is Implicit (b) Only I and II are implicit

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(c) Only III is implicit (d) Only II and III are implicit (e) None is implicit Statements: The Situation of this area still continues to be tense and out of control. People are requested to be in their homes only. Assumptions: I. There had been some serious incidents. II. People will not go to office. III. Normalcy will be restored shortly. (a) Only I is implicit. (b) Only I and II are implicit. (c) None is implicit (d) Only I and III are implicit (e) All are implicit. Statements: The University authority has decided to decentralize conduct of terminal examinations and give this responsibility to each college for its students to avoid delay in declaration of results. Assumptions: I. The colleges are equipped to carry out this responsibility. II. There may not be uniformity in evaluation standard across the colleges. III. The students may welcome this new development. (a) None is implicit (b) Only I and II are implicit (c) Only II and III are implicit (d) Only I and III are implicit (e) None of these Statements: The successful man has the ability to judge himself correctly Assumptions: I. Inability to judge correctly causes failure. II. To judge others is of no use to a successful man. III. The successful man cannot make a wrong judgement. (a) None is implicit (b) All are implicit (c) Only I and II are implicit (d) Only II and III are implicit (e) Only I and III are implicit Statements: Use X brand shoes. These are durable and available in all sizes. An advertisement in the newspaper A. Assumptions: I. Normally people like durable shoes. II. Very few people read advertisement in a newspaper III. Very few people read the newspaper A. (a) None is implicit (b) Only I and II are implicit (c) Only I, and either II or III are implicit (d) All are implicit

(e) None of these 7. Statements: I want to present a book on techniques of yoga to Ajay on his birthday. --- A tells B. Assumptions: I. A will be invited by Ajay on his birthday. II. The person to whom the book is to be presented is not keeping good health. III. Book is an acceptable gift for birthday. (a) Only I and II are implicit (b) Only II and III are implicit (c) Only I and III are implicit (d) None is implicit (e) All are implicit 8. Statements: Wanted a two bed room flat in the court area for immediate possession--- An advertisement. Assumptions: I. Flats are available in court area.. II. Some people will respond to the advertisement. III. It is a practice to give such an advertisement. (a) All are Implicit (b) Only II is implicit (c) None is implicit (d) Only I and II are implicit (e) None of these 9. Statement: Keeping in view the financial constraints, the management institution has decided to charge at the time of providing employment in various organisations, a placement fee of Rs. 25000 from the organisations in which the student will be provided the employment. Assumptions: I. It will help in increasing the demand of the students belonging to the management institution. II. The amount collected in this way will be purposeful. III. It may be possible that the organisation providing employment may select less number of students in future. (a) None is implicit (b) Only I is Implicit (c) Only I and II are implicit (d) Only II and III are implicit (e) None of these 10. Statements: Give this packet to Mr. X at his residence and return immediately. In case you are likely to be late inform me--- Mr. A tells his clerk. Assumptions: I. The clerk never informs about his late coming. II. The clerk may not obey Mr. As instructions. III. The clerk may not inform his late coming unless instructed. (a) Only I and II are implicit (b) Only II and III are implicit

(c) Only I and III are implicit (d) Only III is implicit (e) None of these Answers: c e 1 6 c c 2 7 b b 3 8 d d 4 9 b d 5 10 Answers with Explanations: 1. (c) Explanation: It is mentioned that the apples are so cheap that they cannot be good. This means that the prices of good apples are never too low and that very cheap apples are never good. So, neither I nor III is implicit. Assumption II clearly follows from the statement that apples are of inferior quality because they are cheap. So, it is implicit. 2. (c): Explanation: The statement expresses surprise at the traffic situation remaining normal even after rains. This means that rains affect traffic. So, II is not implicit, But this does not mean that only rains affect traffic. So, I is also not implicit. Since the traffic was not affected during rains as expected, so III is implicit. 3. (b) Explanation: The statement mentions that situation in the area is tense. So, I is implicit. Since people have been requested not to go out and remain in homes for safety, so II is implicit. It cannot be inferred when the normalcy will be restored. So, III is not implicit 4. (d) Explanation: The University must have taken this decision keeping in mind the efficiency of the colleges. So, I is implicit. II is vague and is not implicit. The statement mentions that the new policy would help avoid delay in declaration of results. So, III is also implicit. 5. (b): Explanation: Assumptions I and III directly follow from the statement and so both are implicit. Also, the basic quality of a successful man is that he can judge himself. This means that he need not judge others. So, II is also implicit. 6. (e) Explanation: Any advertisement highlights only the desirable qualities of the product. So, I is implicit. The X brand has advertised its product in newspaper A. This implies that a large section of people reads advertisements in newspapers and that newspaper A too has a wide circulation. So, neither II nor III is implicit. 7. (c) Explanation: A has decided to gift a book to Ajay on his birthday, it is quite evident that he will be invited by Ajay and that a book is an acceptable gift. So, both I and III are implicit. Nothing about the state of health of the person can be deduced form the statement. So, II is not implicit. 8. (b)

Explanation: The advertisement depicts only the requirement, not the availability of flats in court area. So, I is not implicit. Such advertisements are given with the expectation of a response which can make such a flat available. So, II is implicit. Assumption III does not follow from the statement and so is not implicit. 9. (d) Explanation: Since the management has imposed a fee of Rs 25000 for the employment of each student by the organisation, so III implicit while I is not. Since the statement mentions that the fee is being charged to cover up the financial constraint , so II is implicit. 10. (d) Explanation : Clearly, statement is merely a reminder. So, I is not implicit. Besides, the clerk is expected to execute his boss order. So, II is not implicit. Also, a hunch that the clerk may not inform about his late coming has led Mr. A to instruct the clerk to do so. So, III is implicit.