unm

dsdrrn
(Sentences)

tdol~nun~iddsmoutbodd~uoi7~ 1 anqds:lunuril luun&:~uiniii=

3riInnaliraaqds:lan ua:ds:lunaiimdu
R15ldlG

1. 1ns.rai7~aordsdundug7od
2. lnssa%saosds:lunon~srr~n3ui
3. lnsqaTiqaosds~lunanssun3m
4.

h~'1~~l4~1~9d5:b!J(1n Linking Verb

5. d5ghl~1!%~d~~2f9!3d7il9 1

- ds:hwontdi - ds:luadataa - ds:kmdiaiu

- ds:~undi&~a:aoioq - ds:Tun "there" - ds:Tunnssru

3 T ~ . r ~ a i i d d . r g T u ~ (Basic n~p

Sentence Pattern)
d

tdofi~~smindudids::tnnoii~nuis2unirtflu " d s z I t ~ ~ (Sentence) " u h ~:biu16<7 n~u~itwdi~od~:&~~a"n~rtm:ui~adi.j~twfiaun"od Zo 9:&3cl d%nflu62fl 2 h d a mnds:alw (Subject) rtasn1nLram.J(Predicate)
EN 205
\

21

dD~r\3" (Who or What is being talked about?) r h ~ f l e ~ , d ~ ~ ~ E l f i 6 ~ l u l 5 f l ~ D ~ d l ~ ~ O R ~ S W U I ~7 A ~ L ~ U ~ ~ cnaam RD m~dsrblu n1~dsrmudal~~bud1~1~ d w ~3ao1oiidauuoiudn 7hunl~
w r y

Examples

Notes

a. The baby is crying. b. The cat is sleeping in the kitchen. c. Milk is good for everyone.

010~dlf11~ Who is crying? ~ ~ ~ d What l f 1 is 1sleeping? ~

t

~ i l ~ d l fWhat 1 1 ~is good?

n ~ ~ u ~ m q s uhuf!o~u~u ~u& uonrnsnsrrh w p l a r n30Einwr aoqdsrmu iflud?udma~holuh ~d1k~mo~~s~6uan'udsrmu~~ (What is said about the subject?) daudmouhmrram?3a rnnudmq
Examples Notes

a. This box is heavy.

e. The children sing happily.

~ ~ U l t l h t t "box" ~ r ~ ~ ~ q

uacrh "the childreny' $ID :bod

U ~ n j"Sarah" l

f. Sarah has a new dress.

ilarb

22

EN 205

Pattern One: Subject + Verb (SV)

Subject a. Jane
/

Predicate : Verb smiles. sing sweetly. is sleeping soundly.

I

b. Birds
c. The baby

lrrhs.r~2i.ruuu$mfiu~~.rds~nauhsnScn ~~an5siiiuriissiuriiu"u
b3lf%lflflf u i d 5 z ~ n n w 1i l n 5 5 ~ 3 ~ (Intransitive 1 verb) b i go, ~ walk, bark, sleep, smile, laugh, cry, sing, smoke
d't

b$u&

Pattern Two: Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)

Subject Verb a. b. Jane John had hit is cooking

Predicate : Verb Object breakfast the ball dinner their assignment

'

c.
d.

M a r y
The students

have to finish

$b%.JRn33ufl'ifJl (Transitive Verb) M & I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u R ~ M u iuf l~0 T 7@ ;? f lu ~3~d~Z~flfi~:.

fifi-d~auyid k ~ i u l u h a d i . ra. $i$uuii

& 3 a ~ f l l ~ . ' a i l "John had what?" (10:15?)

'John had."

( q a d u i ) fi~q::

Pattern Three: Subject + Verb + Complement (SLV CN7CA)

Subject Linking Verb a. John

b. The music

Predicate Complement an artist (Noun) good (Adjective)

/

is is is

c. The joker

I (Pronoun)

h~Yuds::lu~laiiad ni~ttaaut~un~uibnn(u~du &ttaauann:~io &1ttolao~d5::~ iiniui,n(udt"sunii ~ Linking Verb d ~ u ~ ~ n ~ i u 6 t ~ u ~ m i u ~ ~ u niuidunii Complement ~ u ~ u & d i ~ ~ o ~ o ~ t m 5~ u1 d fl u ~iP ~ l7 u1 ~ a u ~ &(i? 5d
D~IU a. "John is" o z 1 5 (PD$UL~~ dl~~n'21u'~dQU ) P:&Ufll~d~'h "is what?"
U

(LOU

t d o t u i i i i "artist' (i9a~u) auld 3u\flonmuauusd

Complement U u I / u L 8 %$a ~ ~ 80
1. Noun Complement (CN)
A'

RD i i ~ i u 6 $ iw~d~ i n t d ~ d ~ u H%$I tiut~u

d

A' d IHi(5:Iu f l ~ ~ ( d 5Noun d Complement U ~ 1 ~ ~ 1 5 Subject 1 t ~ Complenient ~ ~ ~ l LUM

~int~u~utiuafiud~::niutlouds::~u~ ua::t~udidsrtnnt~s~n'ud5::~iu~uttdtlou I?uinsd (equal grammatical value) ~ r ~ u ~ u ~ i ~ ~ i i u u a ~ ~ ~ ~ TR nU 'u ~ ~dA5 ~ :I U :67~1~

HUIURUL~Utdv
i

Puffy is my cat.
or

~i~~di~66C/lji~uintdud~u~~u d d tmun$ilrid5::~u~auy5d~au~:~~ao'ru~u~na(~::uoud;5::~u & H Y ~ Adjective ' Complement I ~ E R U I ~ ~ I R R Y t U ~ n ~f ~k '~ ~~ ~~ d:i:f~l ~ ~ I~ U rh~uidunu ~' d I~ ~' ~ t :n ~ n '

My cat is Puffy. 2. Adjective Complement (CA)

Wdd

n'uriI6

Jane is very talkative.

3. Pronoun Complement (CP)
6

d1~5~wuiudC/lji~uintdud~utiu

Wdd

tnund5tluflvh'Liifluy5d Pru"R'nttolrn1srHiloun'u Noun Complement

a~a~u~mn~u~8nna~~rn~ Linking n ~ m Verb ~~"Lun~u d nauau.smo 17n=iulC(tdu3ii'un7s~'ui (Verbs of Perception) Z L d look, taste smell, b: sound, feel 5 3 ~ n'iuld D~d&iil appear, seem, remain, become 1
uDnO7fl verb to be
4

w d o

d w

hod74

a. The soup tastes good.

L

b. The silk feels soft. c. The concert sounded great. d. The defendant remained quiet. e. The little girl looks happy.

ioiiurnol
h v i u r f ~ n ~ u - 1 1 u n ~ r r u " n 7 u 7 ~ n ~ 7 ~ ~ 7 n ~ d u na nd 5u ~k ~in a"u s~~~i~3u
Y d d

q~n~~z~ms~nhao.rd5::~um'L~mmau ~rnaad7u

Yrl Y

Examples

1
''smells"

Notes

1 a. The meat smells good.

LOU

LV rwnrff7ui'ln~dfbu

tau "is"
b. The dog smelled the bone.

Zdi' t~a1~7udi'3u(iiq~diY(i 'csmelled" LOU Vt t W 5 7 d "the bone"

dunssu

c. Jane looked ill.

"looked" Lflu LV L W S ~ Z L ~ ~ U U L Q U "was"

I 6 ~t1~.7uhtld7q~diud

d. Henry is looking at the pie.

"is looking" 1 9 Vt ~ L W ~ "the Z ~ pie"

tOuns5a.i

Exercise 1 Identify basic sentence patterns. Read the following sentences carefully and write down the abbreviatigns above the appropriate word or words. / ,/ EN 205
i
/

25

/
/ , '

Example
S

LV

CN

TO^

is a student.

-. ---.

1. She makes all her own clothes.

2. This book is mine.

3. It's his; he bought it yesterday.
I I

4. We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.

5. He is a friend of mine.

6. My friend traveled in the third-class carriage.

7. They often go to the pictures.

8. Pete writes to his mbther everyday.
I
1

..

9. The little boy kept his money in the pocket.

10. Bill used to live in this house.

Exercise 2
Write sentences based on the 3 basic sentence pattern already discussed. Pattern One: S V

Pattern Two:

0
i

1.
2.
3.

Pattern Three:

LV

CN

1.
2.

3.
S
LV CP

1.

S
1.
2.

CA

3.

Exercise 3
Read the following sentences carefully and substitute,the linking verbs in each sentence with "verb to be". not be substituted by "verb to be". 1. Today's news soun The old reindeer sm Their attitudes have remained sympathetic. The impatient truck driver sounded his horn. ause some verbs in this exercise can

2.
3.
4.

5.
6.

The evening sky appeared stormy.

Their home life has seemed satisfactory. The new chef tasted his own sauce. The knife's cutting edge felt uneven. The mountain climbers feel exhausted. The first election return looks gloomy.

7.
8. 9.

10.

d5dt1:~~ 7 i(Varieties i ~ ~ i ~of Sentences)

d>rlu~d~iuue~u~~s.j~j5'i.j6~~7un".j~j7utlliim~.jnd7~~7 L L K ~a~ou'n7.1

d i u ~ d d u u l ~ i a 7 n n a 7 ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ j ~ 1 . j i 7(un ou i i~ . j o e u m a ~ ~ ~ i ol'a.jn7.1uan ~ujl b: d . L u a muh n ~ a u a n r i ~ & ~ ~ o a o i a~ . j a u ~ (IIUULWD'I$H~RIU~~~L~UM~> il

U

d a ~ n u n u ? u d7 u ~~~h.ju'dsr~n'an~w&n3~~~n3~u~u'~~'~dnv(u::ni~~iluud aGmd7.j 7 mu
w

d'

d~~futa~aiimoi7~ 7

ies of sentences

dsz~u~Chau~m~~1ns~a~~9~~~~un"~d~ oidn7s 0~'11~n~~na'7a

d?ud~uu1nira7nna~u u d o u a m ~ u i 7 ~ m7uu~mu7uoq(ugnui1
k:

Goqmsuon

u'oya r n a k o ~ u oanddivisouoios uguh azuuuwo1G~~u~snfiuudszTu~"IX dannunu7ueiw aGnei7q 7 n ~ u

1. rlszhouondl (Statement or Atflrmstrve Sentence) 8adszTunn
d
w . 4

Ih&~~dsz~n'in7w~~nasi7~a~ub~7~~1~n~r)~%n7su~uud

uonhans n3o16'h~ainuh'ld dsdunaiinu'o7~uinsqai7qA3 uuu tijlgnha

9 5 7b b 5 ) a

a. The whale is a mammal.

c. A ship went down the sea.

b. An interior decorator may determine the color of the room.

2'.
U

rlszhsdfitaa (Negative sentence) iiodszTunddibaslua ~ 3 a

thamsdou'ludsziu n inuuau "notgyu#i W

Examples

Notes

a. Birds are not mammals.

6 7

verb to be b~~df1~~31bn!w'k8~ "not"

1 15%"be"
~595"not"

I
ad
9

b. John cannot show us the way. c. The Prime Minister did not veto the bills

I% kn?uldau ( ~ o d a l )
,
-1

verb to do + not fl4Nnfl~fl7bbn8d'ld verb to be

a.

3.

d 5 z hd 7 ~N 1 (Question or Interrogative sentence) ~od5z~f.l naou ;

Question) Examples a. Thada is a policman. Is Thada a policeman? b. Timrny can swim. Can Timmy swim? c. Chatree works.
:

Notes

~nisu'7un5ui~d~a00oa'id5::fiipd n'Gn5uidqu %Xu'iun5u7dauldl3'14Jid5::fiiu ruoun5muhdii7rh lWiii c c d ~uidau m

- 3 ' 9

Does Chatree work?

3.2

d5&nAin7~f(~a~ni~rdil14i (Content Questiofi or Wh-~iestion)

d.3'

idu Who, What, When, Where, m y , W ~ O rilu6u d~::Iu~diniu~~iistd6a.~ni~~io1nudr~ur~aaiais:: hwfu5'i nisduufinRiun7~6ud~tIundiniu1uG1u'o3.1 .'i~nirudiis::&~$u6ui3u
Question words Question word

l o d=idund7cnunuu&Riu

62au'iq
a. Are you leaving? When are you leaving? b., Did you come late? Why did you come late? c. Is your house far?

HAW
4.

far i s your house?

d s ~ ~ a m r i i b ~ u a z d 5 ~ (Command ~ a ~ ~ a f and a ~ Request) I ~ d 5 d ~ ) m dsnnn6~ra::dsranu (omit the subject) dP~iist~&ld ZD you

Notes

a. (You) ' Open the window.

I dud~::Iunh& L+-JR~GL)U~::IU.~~ I

5.

~TETBR ''there"
i

("there" sentence) 1~d5:1~R~fiW~:fiuflldr7'bM~

Eh~X~~q~Sid i%flqW u r nd ~l ji l "there" tfh.4d1 b ~uory~~fi~~uds:muw~~ds:Tu~tviiuu lu?~u~ns:ciiniuiwaud~::Tu~ daudszmu a: UM~~:~UTUIP% 7 ~ u u I Y N P:UU~I~~I~:PTJ M~~ verb to be ~ b q d i i u i u d n d
~dRj1 ccj" $k?s;~::~t<lY D9 H% verb to be

Notes

a. There is an answer. b. There are two problems.

I# "is"

tlrY51:d5:bl~

"an answer" MOllU

~ I Q H ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ M L D ~ W P ~

I# 'are" t~(51:: "two problems" vtlp~d

tau

6.

d~:hsnnu (Passive voice) RD d s : ~ u ~ C ( n ~ u i ~ ( i n t ~ u d n 5 ~ u n ~ u ~

U

ua::Gn~sfiu&m~:fii (nssu) & u ~ ~ ~ ~ u j l u ~ i i t t ~ l i ~ d s r m uttardeuu tl~]~d~::~u~ diifFkdfi~uiu5dbe + Ved

U

Example

Notes

a. The dog bit the boy.

The boy was bitten by the dog.

ds::mu~~~ds:~unr~uu'iu~itflunfsr;l
\

~iuH& "byn

b. Some one has washed the dishes. The dishes has been washed.

hn.rd&~6~qs:uw'ns:fiifibu'47t~uol'o.j u
9

Id Yby9v +

ns5u

30
r

EN 205

II

*1

Exercise 4

Change the following sentence

Example:

e sentences.

John likes tea. John does not like tea,

--

1.
2.

He will have to see a doctor. John has plenty of money. These exercises are always easy for the beginners. Australian sheep give us very good wool. Put lemon in your soup instead of silt. Pete took a swimming lesson last summer. They have sent Tom to prison for shoplifting. Do you prefer a book of poetry or stories of adventures? The little girl has to take piano lesson every Sunday afternoon. My mother used to spend a few days in Alaska.

3.
4.

5.
6.

7.
8. 9.

10.

Exercise 5

Change 'the fallowing sentences into Yes-no questions.

Example:

Children love fruit. Do children love fruit?

1.
2.

It was very good chocolate. The clouds over the sea are lovely t~day. We had a wonderful dinner at Sizzler last night. Paul should like a house in the country. Little M a r y has to get up early on weekdays. My sister mislaid her umbrella on the bus.

- 3.
4.

5.
6.

7.
8. 9.

The old castle has been renovated since June.: Tom wants Paula to return a book she borrowed last week. We have got to do it all by Sunday. Tamarine used to study in America for a few years.

10.
.,

Exercise 6

Write out appropriate questions for the following answers.

Example: Mary drove a fairly old car. Who drove a fairly old car'?

1.
2.

He bought some ties. Paul went to Chiengmai. These flowers cost two-hundred.
Jane told me to put the bag in the clobet.

3.

4.
5.
6.

They wanted to see the Robinsons. The little girl waited for her father in the canteen. The Early Bird Show was wonderful.
i

7.
8. 9.

Rafter% an Australian tennis player.

I saw a stray dog when I opened the door.

10.
Exercise 7

I have been to Pattaya for a few days.

I

Change the following sentences into the paesive voice.

Example:

1. Someone gave me a book.

A book was givkn to me.
2.

No one fed the chickens this morning. The chickens were not fed this morning.

32

EN 205

1.
2.

People always admire this picke. He broke his legs in an accident. No one has opened that box f ~ the t last hundred years. Someone has broken two of my dinner plates. Someone built this bridge last year. People will forget this song in a few years' time. No one has ever beaten my brother at tennis. They held a reception in his honor. Has anybody answered your question?
1

3.
4.

5.

6. People speak English all over the world.

7.
8.
9.
I

10.