5ACESUG

Wave Runup, Transmission,
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
IRREGULAR
WAVE RUNUP ON BEACHES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5555555555-1 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 -4 -4 -4 -5
Description ....................................................................................................................... Input ................................................................................................................................. output ............................................................................................................................... Procedure .......................................................................................................................... Single Case Mode ....................................................................................................... Multiple Case Mode ................................................................................................... Example Problem ............................................................................................................. Invut ........................................................................................................................... output ......................................................................................................................... References and Bibliography ..........................................................................................
Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches
5-1
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
IRREGULAR
WAVE RUNUP ON BEACHES
DESCRIPTION
This application provides an approach to calculate runup statistical parameters for wave runupon smooth slope linear beaches. To account for permeable and rough slope natural beaches, the present approach needs to be modified by multiplying the results for the smooth slope linear beaches by a reduction factor. However, there is no guidance for such a reduction due to the sparcity of good field data on wave runup. The approach used in this ACES application is based on existing laboratory data on irregular wave runup (Mase and Iwagaki, 1984; Mase, 1989).
INPUT
All data input for this application is done on one screen. The following list describes the necessary input parameters with their corresponding units and range of data recognized by this application:
m
Deepwater height Peak energy Cotangent slope significant wave
Svmbol H,O
Units ft, m
Data Ramze 0.1 to to to 100.0 100.0 100.0
wave period
Tp
Cote
sec
0.1
0.1
of foreshore
OUTPUT
Results from this application are displayed on one screen. Those data include the original input values (in final units) and the following paramete~ k Runup Maximum Runup runup by 2 percent of the runups Svmbol English Units ft ft Metric Units m m
R max
1?Z
exceeded
5-1-1
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Average Average Average
of the highest of the highest runup
one-tenth one-third
of the of the
R1,10 Rl, z
F
ft ft ft
m m
runups runups m
PROCEDURE
The bulleted items in the following lists indicate potentially optional instruction steps. Any application in ACES may be executed in a given session without quitting the program. The bulleted items provide instructions for accessing the Ignore bulleted application from various menu areas of the ACES program. instruction steps that are not applicable.
Single Case Mode 0

0
Press ~
on the Main Menu to select Single Case Mode. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press ~ when all data on this screen Area Menu to select Wave Runup,
Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct.
Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press ~ Application
on the Wave Runup, Transmission, Menu to select Irregular Wave Runup
and Overtopping on Beaches.
1. Fill in the highlighted input fields on the Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches screen. Respond to any corrective instructions appearing at the bottom of the screen. Press @ when all data on this screen are correct. 2. 3. All input and output units. Press m m Return data are displayed on the screen in the final system of action
of the following
keys to select the appropriate
to Step 1 for a new case. of this case to the print file or device. the Wave Runup,
El
m
Send a summary
Exit this application and return to Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.
5-1-2
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Multiple Case Mode

o
0
Press ~
on the Main Menu to select Multi Case Mode. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press ~ when all data on this screen Area Menu to select Wave Runup,
Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press ~ Application
on the Wave Runup, Transmission, Menu to select Irregular Wave Runup
and Overtopping on Beaches.
1. Move the cursor to select a variable on the Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches screen (the selected variable name blinks). The current set of values for the variable is displayed on the right portion of the screen. When all variable sets are correct, go to Step 3. 2. Enter a set of values for the subject methods: a. variable by following ~ of the input
Press @ to select random method. Enter up to 20 values constituting a set for this variable (m in each field) on the right side of the screen. The set of 20 values originally displayed (first execution) in these fields contains the delimiting value, which delimits or ends the set. The delimiting value is not included as a member in the set unless it is the sole member. Press @ to select incremental method. Fill in the fields for minimum, maximum, and increment values for this variable on the right side of the screen. In this method, the members of the set include all values from the minimum to the maximum (both inclusive) at the specified increment.
b.
The units field should also be specified for the variable regardless of input method. All members of a set of values for a subject variable are assigned the specified units. When all data are correct for the subject variable, press @l to return to Step 1. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification of the data for the subject variable.
3. Press ~
to process the cases resulting from the combinations of the sets of data for all variables. The summary of each case will be sent to the print file or device. The screen will display the total number of cases to be
5-1-3
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
processed as well as report progress. Errors are reported at the bottom the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification variable sets.
of of
4. Press w
n
of the following Return
keys to select the appropriate new sets.
action:
to Step 1 to specify
m
EXAMPLE PROBLEM Input
the
Wave
Runup,
All data input for this application is done on one screen. The values and corresponding units selected for this first example problem are shown below. M Deepwater height Peak energy Cotangent significant wave Symbol Value 4.60 Units ft sec
H,. TP
Cote
wave period slope
9.50
13.00
of foreshore
output
Results from this application are displayed the original input values and the following M Maximum Runup Average Average runup by 2 percent of Svmbol on one screen. parameters: Value 8.74 7.11 Those data include
Units ft ft ft ft
R max R, R1,10 R1, ~

F
exceeded
the runups of the highest of the runups of the highest of the runups 3.38 ft
6.50 5.29
one-tenth one-third Average runup
5-1-4
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

Hunt, I.A. 1959. ''Design of Seawalls and Breakwaters~ Journal of the Waterway,
Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering Division, American Society Civil Engineers, Vol. 85, No. 3, pp. 123-152. Mase, H. 1989. Random Wave Runup Height on Gentle Slopes, Journal of the Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering Division, American Society
Civil Engineers, Mase, H., and Iwagaki, Houston, Vol. 115, No. 5, pp. 649-661. Y. 1984. Runup of Random Waves on Gentle pp. 593-609. Slopes,
Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Coastal Engineering,

TX, American Society Civil Engineers, Walton, T. L., Jr., and Ahrens, J. P. 1989. Maximum Periodic Wave Run-Up on Smooth Slopes, Journal of the Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering Division, American Society Civil Engineers, Vol. 115, No. 5, pp. 703-708. Walton, T. L., Jr., Ahrens, J. P., Truitt, C. L., and Dean, R. G. 1989. Criteria for Evaluating Coastal Flood-ProtectIon Structures, Technical Report Waterways Experiment Station, CERC-89- 15, US Army Engineer Vicksburg, MS.
5-1-5
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE RUNUP AND OVERTOPPING
ON IMPERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description ....................................................................................................................... Input ................................................................................................................................. output ............................................................................................................................... Procedure .......................................................................................................................... Single Case Mode ....................................................................................................... Multiple Case Mode ................................................................................................... Example Problems ............................................................................................................ Example 1 -Monochromatic Wave-Rough Slope Runup (Riprap) .................... Example2 - Monochromatic Wave-Smooth Slope Runup ..: ................................ Example 3- Monochromatic Wave - Rough Slope Overtopping .......................... ......................... Example 4 - Monochromatic Wave - Smooth Slope Overtopping Example 5 - Monochromatic Wave - Rough Slope Runup and Overtopping (Riprap~onoch~oma~~l..wa~e................................................................:........... ..... Example 6- Smooth Slope Runup and Overtopping Example 7- Irregular Wave - Rough Slope Runup and Overtopping (Riprap) .. Example 8 - Irregular Wave - Smooth Slope Runup and Overtopping ................. References and Bibliography ..........................................................................................
L
5-2-1 5-2-1 5-2-3 5-2-3 5-2-3 5-2-5 5-2-7 5-2-7 5-2-8 5-2-9 5-2-10 ~-~-~~ - 5-2-13 5-2-14 5-2-15
L Wave Runup
and
Overtopping
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE RUNUP AND OVERTOPPING
ON IMPERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
DESCRIPTION
This application provides estimates of wave runup and overtopping on rough andsmooth slope structures that areassumed to be impermeable. Run-up heights and overtopping rates are estimated independently or jointly for monochromatic or irregular waves specified at the toe of the structure. The empirical equations suggested by Ahrens and McCartney (1975), Ahrens and Titus (1985), and Ahrens and Burke (1987) are used to predict runup, and Weggel (1976) to predict overtopping. Irregular waves are represented by a significant wave height and The are assumed to conform to a Rayleigh distribution (Ahrens, 1977). overtopping rate is estimated by summing the overtopping contributions from individual runups in the distribution.
INPUT
The terminology used to define wave runup is shown in Figure 5-2-1.
b
.
v s R
1 ~
Figure 5-2-1.
Wave Runup and Overtopping
All data input for this application is done on one screen. The following list describes the necessary input parameters with their corresponding units and range of data recognized by this application:
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-1
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Mandatorv Incident
ti wave height
Units
Data Range 0.1 1.0 to to to to to 100.0 1000.0 10000.0
Hi T
slope
ft, m
Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth toe
sec
cot @ ds cot e
walls, specify 0.0. ft, m ft, m
5.0
0.1
at structure slope For vertical above toe
200.0 30.0
Cotan of structure NOTE: Structure height
0.0
h,
0.0
to
200.0
In addition, The above input variables are mandatory. variables are required under the specified circumstances:
the following
input
m
m
Empirical
Svmbol slo~e runu~ coefficient

coefficient
Source
Empirical
a b
See Table A-3 of Appendix for suggested values.
Overtotming Empirical Empirical coefficient coefficient

Qyo See Figures 7-24 to 7-34 in the SPM (1984).
m
Onshore wind velocity (if known) For irregular
Svmbol
Units kn, ft/sec mph, m/see, kph ft, m
Data Range 0.0 0.0 to to 200.0 100.0
u R
Wave runup
NOTE:
waves, substitute
(Hs)
the following for for Hi T
Incident significant Peak wave period
wave height
(Tp)
5-2-2
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
OUTPUT
Results from this application are displayed on one screen. Those data include the original input values (in final units) and the following parameters:
Symbol
monochromatic waves irregular waves
Enplish Units
Metric Units
Deepwater Wave height Relative height
Ho ds/HO Ho/gG R (if

requested)
Hso ds/H,o Hso/gT2 Rs

Q
ft
Wave steepness Runup Overtopping rate
ft f t3/sec-f t
m m3/sec-m
Q(if requested)
The deepwater wave parameters empirical overtopping coefficients
are provided as an aid to determining the from the referenced figures in the SPM ( 1984).
PROCEDURE
The bulleted items in the following lists indicate potentially optional instruction steps. Any application in ACES may be executed in a given session without quitting the program. The bulleted items provide instructions for accessing the Ignore bulleted application from various menu areas of the ACES program. instruction steps that are not applicable.
Single Case Mode

0
Press (@ on the Main Menu to select Single Case Mode. Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct. input fields on the General Specifications screen Press (@ when all data on this screen values). Area Menu to select Wave Runup,
Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping.
Press @ on the Wave Runup, Transmission, and overtopping Application Menu to select Wave Runup and Overtopping on Impermeable Structures. On the Wave Runup and Overtopping press ~ of the following: on Impermeable Structures Menu,
on Impermeable
Structures
S-2-3
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Selections for Monochromatic Waves ~

@ @ @ @ Estimate Estimate runup runup Estimate on rough slope structures. on smooth overtopping runup runup and slope structures. rate with a known run-up overtopping rate on rough value. slope slope
or @
Estimate both structures. Estimate both structures.
and overtopping
rate on smooth
Selections for Irregular Waves (@ or (@

Estimate overtopping rate with a known run-up value.
1. Fill in the highlighted input fields on the Wave Runup and Overtopping on Respond to any corrective instructions Impermeable Structures screen. appearing at the bottom of the screen. Press @) when all data on this screen are correct. NOTE: If the selected case involved the computation of rough slope runup, ~ may be pressed to provide access to the additional following options (choose u):
m
B
Return
to the input screen.
Display a table of suggested rough slope run-up empirical coefficients (a and b). If this option is selected, these coefficients must be entered in the designated fields of the display screen. The data thus given will be transferred back to (and displayed on) the main input screen when ~ is pressed. Exit the application. data are displayed on the screen in the final system of
m 2.
All input and output units.
3. Press u
m @ m
of the following Return
keys to select the appropriate
action:
Send a summary
5-2-4
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Multiple
Case Mode
Run-up values are provided in this operational mode, but overtopping rates are excluded because of possible functional dependencies between incident wave conditions, structure slope, and the empirical overtopping coefficients. Single Case or Batch Modes may be used to process cases providing overtopping rates.
0
Press (@ on the Main Menu to select Multi Case Mode. Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press ~ when all data on this screen Area Menu to select Wave Runup,
0
0
Transmission, and Overtopping Press @ on the Wave Runup, Application Menu to select Wave Runup and Overtopping on Impermeable Structures. On the Wave Runup and Overtopping press u of the following: on Impermeable Structures Menu,
Estimate
runup
on rough slope structures.
NOTE: Selection of this option will display the table of suggested rough slope run-up empirical coefficients (a and b). Fill in the highlighted input fields with the values for these items, and press (@ to resume input on the main input screen, or press ~ to exit the application.
(El
Estimate
runup
on smooth
slope structures.
1. Move the cursor to select a variable on the Wave Runup and Overtopping on Impermeable Structures screen (the selected variable name blinks). The current set of values for the variable is displayed on the right portion of the screen. When all variable sets are correct, go to Step 3. 2. Enter a set of values for the subject methods: a. variable by following one of the input
Press @ to select random method. Enter up to 20 values constituting a set for this variable (m in each field) on the right side of the screen. The set of 20 values originally displayed (first execution) in these fields contains the delimiting value, which delimits or ends the set. The delimiting value is not included as a member in the set unless it is the sole member.
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-5
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
b.
Press ~ to select incremental method. Fill in the fields for minimum, maximum, and increment values for this variable on the right side of the screen. In this method, the members of the set include all values from the minimum to the maximum (both inclusive) at the specified increment.
The units field should also be specified for the variable regardless of input method. All members of a set of values for a subject variable are assigned the specified units. When all data are correct for the subject variable, press ~ to return to Step 1. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification of the data for the subject variable.
3. Press ~
to process the cases resulting from the combinations of the sets of data for all variables. The summary of each case will be sent to the print file or device. The screen will display the total number of cases to be processed as well as report progress. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification of variable sets. Press w of the following keys to select the appropriate new sets. the Wave Runup, action:
4.
m
E@
Return
5-2-6
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
Examplel -Monochromatic Wave -Rough Slope Runup (Riprap)
Input M Incident wave height
SYm!2Q!
Hi T
slope toe
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00
Units ft sec
Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth
cot @ ds
at structure slope
ft
Cotan of structure Structure height
cOte
hs
above toe
ft
Ruf3hs!Q12!2 !Mdu2 iEm

Empirical Empirical. coefficient coefficient
0.956 0.398
output
m
Deep water Wave height Relative height
Svmbol
Value
Units
Ho ds/HO HO/gTz R
6.386 1.957 0.002 9.421
ft
Wave steepness Runup
ft
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-7
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Example
2-
Monochromatic
Wave - Smooth
Slope Runup
--
Input
M
Incident wave height
Svmbol
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00
Units ft sec
Hi T
Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth slope toe
cot @ da cot e hs
at structure slope
ft
above toe
ft
output
m
Svmbol
Value
Units
HO d6/H0 Ho/gT2 R
6.386 1.957 0.002 21.366
ft
Wave steepness Runup
ft
5-2-8
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Example
3-
Monochromatic
Wave - Rough
Slope Overtopping
Input m Incident wave height Svmbol Value 7.50 Units ft sec
Hi T
slope toe
10.00 100.00
12.50
cot $1 d, cot e
at structure slope
ft
3.00 20.00
ft
above toe
Overtotmimz
item
a
Empirical coefficient (computed)

----
0.076463 0.025 35.000 15.000

kn ft
Empirical Onshore
coefficient wind velocity (if known)
Q*o
u R
Wave runup
output
Iiem
Svmbol
Value
Units
Ho d~/Ho Ho/gT2
6.386
1.957
ft
Wave steepness Overtopping rate
0.001985 3.565
fts/sec-ft
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-9
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Example
4-
Monochromatic
Wave - Smooth
Slope Overtopping
Input m Incident wave height Svmbol
YahL!2
7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00
IMs
ft
sec
Hi T
slope toe
cot @ d.
at structure slope
ft
cOte
h,
above toe
ft
Overtotming
item
Empirical coefficient (computed) Empirical Onshore coefficient wind velocity (if known)
0.076463 0.025 35.000 20.000

kn ft
Q*o u R
Wave runup
output b Deep water Wave height Relative height Symbol
w
6.386 1.957 0.001985 5.368
Units
Ho d#Ho Ho/gV Q
ft
Wave steepness Overtopping rate
fts/sec-ft
5-2-10
on Impermeable
Structures
Wave Runup, Tranmnission,
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Example (Riprap) Input k Incident
5-
Monochromatic
Wave - Rough Slope Runup and Overtopping
Svmbol wave height
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00
Units ft sec
Hi T
slope toe
cot @ d,
at structure slope
ft
cOte
h,
above toe
ft
Iu!uhs!QL22 m!u12ikm
Empirical Empirical Overtorming
\
coefficient coefficient item
a b
0.956 0.398
Empirical coefficient (computed) Empirical Onshore coefficient wind velocity
0.076463 0.025 35.000

kn
Q*o
u
output b Deep water Wave height Relative height Ho Svmbol Value Units
6.386 1.957 0.001985 9.421 0.829
ft
d,/Ho HO/gP R
ft
ft3/sec-ft
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-11
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
. Example 6Monochromatic Wave Smooth Slope Runup and Overtopping
Input m Incident wave height Svmbol Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00 ft ft Units ft sec
Hi T
Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth slope toe
cot @ ds
at structure slope
Cotan of structure Structure
cOte
hs
height above toe
Overtotming
a Q*o u
0.076463 0.025 35.000

kn
output
M Deep water Wave height Relative height Svmbol Value Units
HO d8/Ho Ho/gV R
6.386 1.957
ft
0.001985 21.366 5.771 ft

f t3/sec-ft
5-2-12
on Impermeable
Structures
Wave Runup,
Transmission,
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Example
7 -
Irregular
Wave
Rough Slope Runup and Overtopping
(Riprap)
Input @Jl Incident wave height Svmbol Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50 3.00 20.00 ft ft Units ft sec
H, T
slope toe
cot @ d,
at structure slope
cOte
ha
above toe
ws!QL?!2n!lku12ikm
Empirical Empirical Overtorming coefficient coefficient @
a
a b
0.956 0.398
0.076463 0.025
Q*o
u
35.000
kn
output
b Deep water Wave height Relative height Symbol w 6.386 1.957 Units ft
H,. dJH,o H~o/gT2 R,
0.001985 9.421
0.287 ft ft~/sec-ft
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-13
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
Example
8-
Irregular
Wave
Smooth
Slope
Runup
and
Overtopping
Input ~ Incident wave height Svmbol
Ya!u!2
7.50 10.00 100.00 12.50
Units ft sec
Hs T
slope toe
cot @ ds cot e hs
at structure slope
ft
Cotan of structure Structure
3.00 20.00 ft
height above toe
Overtotm ing ~ Empirical coefficient (computed) Empirical Onshore coefficient wind velocity
a Q*o u
0.076463
0.025
35.000
kn
output
km
SY!nbd
Wave height Relative height
MhLe
6.386 1.957 0.001985 21.366 2.728
Units
Deep water
H,. d,/Ho Hso/gT2 Rs
ft
ft
ft3/s-ft
5-2-14
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
REFERENCES
AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ahrens, J. P. 1977. Prediction of Irregular Wave Overtopping, CERC CETA 77-7, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Ahrens, J. P., and Burke, C. E. 1987. method cited in above reference. Unpublished report of modifications to
Ahrens, J. P., and McCartney B. L. 1975. Wave Period Effect on the Stability of Riprap, Proceedings of Civil Engineering in the Oceans/III, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 1019-1034. Ahrens, J. P., and Titus, M. F. 1985. Wave Runup Formulas for Smooth Slopes,
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 128-133. Battjes, J. A. 1974. Surf Similarity, Proceedings of the 14th Coastal Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Dean, R. G. 1974. Evaluation Engineering Applications, Army Engineer Waterways and Development of Water Wave Theories Vols. 1-2, CERC Special Report No. 1, Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. for US
of Methods for Estimating Douglass, S. L. 1986. Review and Comparison Irregular Wave Overtopping Rates, Technical Report CERC-86- 12, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, pp. 6-14. Goda, Parameter of Water Waves, Report Y. 1983. A Unified Nonlinearity oj the Port and Harbour Research Institute, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 3-30.
on Saville, T., Jr. 1955. Laboratory Data on Wave Run-Up and Overtopping Shore Structures, TM No. 64, US Army Corps of Engineers, Beach Erosion Board, Washington, DC. Saville, T., Jr;, Overtopping and Caldwell, J. M. 1953. Experimental Study of Wave on Shore Structures? Proceedings, Minnesota International Hydraulics Convention, Minneapohs, MN.
Seelig, W. N. 1980. Two-Dimensional Tests of Wave Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of Laboratory Breakwaters: CERC TR 80-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
Shore Protection Manual.
1984. 4th cd., 2 Vols., US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research Center, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, Chapter 7, pp. 43-58.
Smith, O. P. 1986. Cost-Effective Optimization of Rubble-Mound Breakwater Technical Report CERC-86-2, US Army Engineer Cross Sections, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, pp. 45-53. Weggel, J. R. 1972. Maximum Breaker
and Coastal Engineering Division,

Vol. 98, No. WW4, pp. 529-548. Weggel, J. R. 1976.
Heightp Journal of Waterways, Harbors American Society of Civil Engineers,
Coastal Engineering
Honolulu,
Wave Overtopping Equation, Proceedings of the 15th Conference, American Society of Civil Engineers, HI, pp. 2737-2755.
on Impermeable
Structures
5-2-15
Wave
Runup,
Transmission,
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE TRANSMISSION
ON IMPERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5-3-1 5-3-1 5-3-2 5-3-3 5-3-3 5-3-4 5-3-6 5-3-6 ~---~ - 5-3-7 5-3-8
Description ....................................................................................................................... Input ................................................................................................................................. output ............................................................................................................................... Procedure .......................................................................................................................... Single Case Mode ....................................................................................................... Multiple Case Mode ................................................................................................... Example Problems ............................................................................................................ Example 1 - Sloped Structure - Known Runup - Transmission Only .................. Example 2- Vertical Wall with Berm (Submerged) - Transmission Only ............ ........................... (Riprap) Example 3- Rough Slope - Runup and Transmission ......................................... Example 4 - Smooth Slope - Runup and Transmission References and Bibliography ..........................................................................................
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
5-3
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE TRANSMISSION
ON IMPERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
DESCRIPTION
This application provides estimates of wave runup and transmission on rough andsmooth slope structures. Italsoaddresses wave transmission over impermeable In all cases, monochromatic waves are vertical walls and composite structures. specified at the toe of a structure that is assumed to be impermeable. For sloped structures, a method suggested by Ahrens and Titus (1985) and Ahrens and Burke (1987) is used to predict runup, while the method of Cross and Sollitt (1971) as modified by Seelig (1980) is used to predict overtopping. For vertical wall and composite structures, a method proposed by Goda, Takeda, and Moriya (1967) and Goda (1969) is used to predict wave transmission.
INPUT
The terminology used to define wave transmission shown in Figures 5-3-1 and 5-3-2. on impermeable structures is
17
d s s
Figure 5-3-1.
I-J
B
Figure 5-3-2.
Composite
Structure
with Vertical
Wall
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
5-3-1
ACES Users Guide
Wave Runup, Tranemission,
and Overtopping
All data input for this application is done on one screen. The following list describes the necessary input parameters with their corresponding units and range of data recognized by this application Mandatory Incident Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth toe Structure Structure slope at structure b wave height Svmbol Units ft, m Data Range 0.1 1.0 to to to to to to 100.0 1000.0 10000.0
Hi T
cot +
sec
ft, m ft, m ft, m
5.0
0.1 0.0
ds
hs
200.0
200.0
height above toe crest width
0.0
200.0
input
In addition, The above input variables are mandatory. variables are required under the specified circumstances:
~
the following
Svmbol and smooth (if known) slo~e slope
Units
Data Range
Rough Runup b
Cotan of structure
cot e R
Svmbol
0.0
ft, m
0.0 Source
to to
30.0
100.0
Rough slo~e runu~ Empirical coefficient Empirical coefficient b Vertical @ Toe protection or composite breakwater berm height above structure toe (if present)
a b
See Table A-3 of Appendix for suggested values.
SYm!2Q!
hb
Units ft, m
Data Range 0.0 to
200.0
OUTPUT
Results from this application are displayed on one screen. Those data include the original input values (in final units) and the following parameters:
5-3-2
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
h Wave runup Transmitted (if requested) wave height
Svmbol
Ermlish Units ft ft
Metric Units m m
R HT
PROCEDURE
The bulleted items in the following lists indicate potentially optional instruction steps. Any application in ACES may be executed in a given session without The bulleted items provide instructions for accessing the quitting the program. Ignore bulleted application from various menu areas of the ACES program. instruction steps that are not applicable. Single Case Mode
0
Press (@ on the Main Menu to select Single Case Mode. Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press (@ when all data on this screen Area Menu to select and on Wave Runup,
Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press @ Application Structures. on the Menu
Wave Runup, Transmission, to select Wave Transmission on Impermeable Structures
Overtopping Impermeable
On the Wave Transmission of the following:
Menu, press m (with or
m
@
Estimate wave transmission a known run-up value). Estimate composite wave transmission breakwater.
over a sloped structure over a vertical
wall
Estimate both runup slope structures. Estimate both runup slope structures.
and wave
transmission
on rough on smooth
and wave transmission
1. Fill in the highlighted input fields on the Wave Transmission on Impermeable Respond to any corrective instructions appearing at the Structures screen. bottom of the screen. Press (@ when all data on this screen are correct. NOTE: If the selected case involved the computation of rough slope runup, ~ may be pressed to provide access to the additional following options (choose m):
m
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable Structures
Return
to the input screen.
5-3-3
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
El
Display a table of suggested rough slope run-up empirical coefficients (a and b). If this option is selected, these coefficients must be entered in the designated fields of the display screen. The data thus given will be transferred back to (and displayed on) the main input screen when (@is pressed.
2. 3.
Exit the application. m All input and output data are displayed units. Press u of the following
on the screen in the final system of action:
keys to select the appropriate to Step 1 for a new case.
m
El @El
Return
Send a summary
of this case to the print file or device. Wave Runup,
Exit this application and return to the Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.
Multiple Case Mode Run-up values and the associated transmitted wave heights over sloped structures Also, wave transmission over vertical are provided in this operational mode. walls and composite structures is handled. Wave transmission with known run-up values on sloped structures is excluded because of possible functional dependencies between given incident wave conditions, structure slope, and run-up values. Single Case or Batch Modes may be used to process cases providing wave transmission with known run-up values. 0 0 Press @ on the Main Menu to select Multi Case Mode. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press ~ when all data on this screen Area Menu to select and on Wave Runup,
0 0
Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press (@ Application Structures. on the Menu
Transmission, Wave Runup, to select Wave Transmission on Impermeable wave transmission structures. Structures over
Overtopping Impermeable
On the Wave Transmission of the following:
Menu, press ~ vertical walls or
El
@
Estimate composite
Estimate runup structures.
on rough
slope
5-3-4
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
NOTE: Selection of this option will display the table of suggested rough slope run-up empirical coefficients (a and b). Fill in the highlighted input fields with the values for these items, and press (@to resume input on the main input screen, or press ~ to exit the application.
(El
Estimate runup structures.
on smooth
slope
1. Move the cursor to select a variable on the Wave Transmission on Impermeable Structures screen (the selected variable name blinks). The current set of values for the variable is displayed on the right portion of the screen. When all variable sets are correct, go to Step 3. 2. Enter a set of values for the subject methods: a. variable by following m of the input
Press @ to select random method. Enter up to 20 values constituting a set for this variable (~ in each field) on the right side of the screen. The set of 20 values originally displayed (first execution) in these fields contains the delimiting value, which delimits or ends the set. The delimiting value is not included as a member in the set unless it is the sole member. Press @ to select incremental method. Fill in the fields for minimum, maximum, and increment values for this variable on the right side of the screen. In this method, the members of the set include all values from the minimum to the maximum (both inclusive) at the specified increment.
b.
The units field should also be specified for the variable regardless of input method. All members of a set of values for a subject variable are assigned the specified units. When all data are correct for the subject variable, press ~ to return to Step 1. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification of the data for the subject variable. 3. Press (@ to process the cases resulting from the combinations of the sets of data for all variables. The summary of each case will be sent to the print file or device. The screen will display the total number of cases to be processed as well as report progress. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing ~ to allow respecification of variable sets. Press ~ of the following keys to select the appropriate to Step 1 to specify new sets. action:
4.
m m
Return
Exit this application and return to the Wave Runup, Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
5-3-5
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
Example Input m Incident wave height slope toe slope Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth Structure Structure Known Cotan of structure at structure Svmbol 1 - Sloped Structure
- Known Runup - Transmission
Only
Hi T cot $ d, cot e hs B R
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 10.00 3.00 15.00 7.50 15.00
Units ft sec ft ft ft ft
height above toe crest width runup
output M
Transmitted wave height
Svmbol
Value 2.275
Units ft
HT
Example 2 - Vertical Wall with Berm (Submerged) - Transmission Only Input k Incident wave height Wave period
Cotan of nearshore Water depth Structure Structure Structure slope toe at structure
Svmbol
Value 7.50 4.50 100.00 20.00 17.50 12.00 6.00
Units ft sec ft ft ft ft
Hi T
height above toe crest width berm height above toe
output m Transmitted wave height
Svmbol HT
Value
3.798
Units
ft
5-3-6
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
Wave
Runup,
Transmission,
and Overtopping
ACES
Users
Guide
Example 3Input ~ Incident
Rough Slope - Runup and Transmission
(Riprap)
Svmbol wave height slope toe slope above toe
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 10.00 3.00 15.00 7.50 0.956 0.398
Units ft sec ft ft ft
Wave period Cotan of nearshore Cotan of structure Structure Structure Empirical Empirical output ~ Wave runup Transmitted wave height height Water depth at structure
Hi T cot + d, cot e hs B a b
crest width coefficient coefficient
Svmbol
Value 9.421 1.601
Units ft ft
R HT
Example 4 - Smooth Slope - Runup and Transmission Input M Incident wave height slope toe slope above toe Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth Structure Structure Cotan of structure height at structure
SYmbQ!
Hi T cot + ds cot e he B
Value 7.50 10.00 100.00 10.00 3.00 15.00 7.50
Units ft sec ft ft ft
crest width
output ~ Wave runup

Transmitted wave height
R HT
Value
22.436 2.652
Units ft ft
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
5-3-7
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
REFERENCES
AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ahrens, J.P. 1977. Prediction of Irregular Wave Overtopping; CERC CETA 77-7, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Ahrens, J. P., and Burke, C. E. 1987. method cited in above reference. Ahrens, Unpublished report of modifications to
J. P., and Titus, M. F. 1985. Wave Runup Formulas Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 128-133.
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, American

of Civil Engineers,
for Smooth Slopes, Society
Battjes, J. A. 1974. Surf Similarity, Proceedings of the 14th Coastal Engineering Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark. Cross, R., and Sollitt, C. 1971. Wave Transmission by Overtopping, Technical Note No. 15, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Boston. Douglass, S. L. 1986. Review and Comparison of Methods for Estimating Irregular Wave Overtopping Rates, Technical Report CERC-86- 12, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, pp. 6-14. Goda, Y. 1969. Breakwaters, No. 3. Reanalysis of Laboratory Data on Wave Transmission over
Report of the Port and Harbour Research Institute, Vol. 8,
Goda,
Parameter of Water Waves, Report Y. 1983. A Unified Nonlinearity of the Port and Harbour Research Institute, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 3-30. of Wave H., and Moriya, Y. 1967. Laboratory Investigation over Breakwaters, Report of the Port and Harbour Research Institute, No. 13.
Goda, Y., Takeda, Transmission
on Saville, T., Jr. 1955. Laboratory Data on Wave Run-Up and Overtopping Shore Structures, TM No. 64, US Army Corps of Engineers, Beach Erosion Board, Washington, DC. Seelig, W. N. 1976. A Simplified Method for Determining Vertical Breakwater Crest Elevation Considering Wave Height Transmitted by Overtopping, CERC CDM 76-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Seelig, W. N. 1980. Two-Dimensional Tests of Wave Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of Laboratory Breakwaters, CERC TR 80-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
Shore Protection Manual.
1984. 4th cd., 2 Vols., US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research Center, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, Chapter 7, pp. 61-80.
Smith, O. P. 1986. Cost-Effective Optimization of Rubble-Mound Breakwater Technical Report CERC-86-2, US Army Engineer Cross Sections, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, pp. 45-53. Weggel, J. R. 1972. Maximum Breaker
and Coastal Engineering Division,

VO1. 98, No. WW4, pp. 529-548.
Height? Journal of Waterways, Harbors American Society of Civil Engineers,
5-3-8
Wave Transmission
on Impermeable
Structures
end Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE TRANSMISSION
THROUGH PERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5-4-1 5-4-1 5-4-1 5-4-2 5-4-3 5-4-3 5-4-3 5-4-4 5-4-6 5-4-6 5-4-6 5-4-6 5-4-6 5-4-7 5-4-8 5-4-8 5-4-8 5-4-8 5-4-9 5-4-1o
Description ....................................................................................................................... Input ................................................................................................................................. First Screen ................................................................................................................ Second Screen (Breakwater Geometry Input) .......................................................... output ............................................................................................................................... Procedure .......................................................................................................................... Single Case Mode ....................................................................................................... Multiple Case Mode ................................................................................................... Example Problems ............................................................................................................ Materials and 3 Layers) .............................................. Example 1 - Breakwater(3 Input ..................................................................................................................... First Screen .................................................................................................... Second Screen (Breakwater Geometry Input) .............................................. output ....................................................... ............ ................................................ Example2 - Breakwater (3 Materials and4 Layers) .............................................. Input ..................................................................................................................... First Screen .................................................................................................... Second Screen (Breakwater Geometry Input) .............................................. output ................................................................................................................... References and Bibliography ..........................................................................................
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structural
5-4
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
WAVE TRANSMISSION
THROUGH PERMEABLE
STRUCTURES
DESCRIPTION
Porous rubble-mound structures consisting of quarry stones of various sizes often offer an attractive solution to the problem of protecting a harbor against wave action. It is important to assess the effectiveness of a given breakwater design by predicting the amount of wave energy transmitted by the structure. This application determines wave transmission coefficients and transmitted wave heights for permeable breakwaters with crest elevations at or above the still-water level. This application can be used with breakwaters armored with stone or artificial armor units. The application uses a method developed for predicting wave transmission by overtopping coefficients using the ratio of breakwater freeboard to wave runup (suggested by Cross and Sollitt, 1971). The wave transmission by overtopping prediction method is then combined with the model of wave reflection and wave transmission through permeable structures of Madsen and White (1976). Seelig (1979,1980) had developed a similar version for mainframe processors.
INPUT
All data input for this application is done on two screens. For each screen the necessary input parameters with their corresponding units and range of data recognized by this application are given below.
First Screen
m
Incident wave height Wave period Water depth at structure
Svmbol
Units ft, m
Data Range 0.1 1.0 0.1 1 to to to to 100.0 1000.0
Hi T d, NM
sec
ft, m
200.0
4
Number of materials comprising the breakwater
.._
Wave
Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
5-4-1
ACES Users Guide
Wave
Runup,
Transmission,
and Overtopping
Mean diameter material
of each
d~o
ft, m
0.05
to
99.0
NOTE: Determine the mean diameter the following relation:
of a given material weight weight
using
d~O= () Y
Porosity
W50 ~
where:
w ~~ = median
Y = specific
of each material
See Table A-2,
Appendix
Second Screen (Breakwater
Geometry Symbol
Input) Units ft, m Data Range
m
Units Structure Cotangent slope Structure height above toe
h,
Cottl
ft, m
0.1 1.0
to to
200.0 5.0
of structure
crest width
B NL
ft, m
0.1 1
to to
200.0 4
Number of horizontal layers in the breakwater
NOTE: Divide the breakwater into horizontal layers. A new layer occurs any time there is a change vertically in any material type. Make the layer next to the seabed layer number 1 and proceed upward. Thickness of each horizontal layer Horizontal length of each material in each layer
TH LL
ft, m
0.1
to
200.0 200.0
ft, m
0.0
to
NOTE: Determine an average horizontal length of each material in each layer. This average length is measured at the midpoint of each layer. Remove the outer layer of armor from the seaward face of the breakwater before making length calculations, because the energy dissipation on the front face is determined separately.
5-4-2
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
OUTPUT
Results from this application are displayed on one screen. Those data include the original input values (in final units) and the following parameters: k Wave reflection Wave transmission Through Overtopping Total Transmitted wave height coefficient coefficients Symbol Endish Units Metric Units
KR KTt
To
KT HT
ft m
PROCEDURE
The bulleted items in the following lists indicate potentially optional instruction steps. Any application in ACES may be executed in a given session without quitting the program. The bulleted items provide instructions for accessing the application from various menu areas of the ACES program. Ignore bulleted instruction steps that are not applicable.
Single Case Mode 0 0 Press (@ on the Main Menu to select Single Case Mode. Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct. input fields on the General Specifications screen values). Press (@ when all data on this screen
Area
Menu
to select
Wave
Runup,
Press (@ on the Wave Runup, Transmission, and Overtopping to select Wave Transmission Through Permeable Structures.
Menu
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
5-4-3
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
1. Fill in the highlighted input fields on the first screen; then press (@to obtain the second screen in this application, and fill in the input fields. Respond to any corrective instructions appearing at the bottom of the screens. Press (@ when all data on this second screen are correct. 2. All output data and selected input data are displayed on the screen in the final system of units. 3. Press u of the following Return keys to select the appropriate action
El @l
Send a summary
Multiple Case Mode 0 o Press ~ on the Main Menu to select Multi Case Mode. input fields on the General Specifications screen Press ~ when all data on this screen values).
Area
Menu
to select
Wave
Runup,
Press @ on the Wave Runup, Transmission, and Overtopping to select Wave Transmission Through Permeable Structures.
Menu
1. Fill in the highlighted input fields on the first screen; then press (@to obtain the second screen in this application, and fill in the input fields. Respond to any corrective instructions appearing at the bottom of the screen. Press ~ when all data on this second screen are correct to obtain the third data input screen.
2.
Move the cursor to select the wave height or wave period variable on this screen (the selected variable name blinks). The current set of values for the variable is displayed on the right portion of the screen. When all variable sets are correct, go to Step 4.
5.4.4
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
3. Enter a set of values for the subject methods: a.
variable
by following
of the input
Press @ to select random method. Enter up to 20 values constituting a set for this variable (U in each field) on the right side of the screen. The set of 20 values originally displayed (first execution) in these fields contains the delimiting value, which delimits or ends the set. The delimiting value is not included as a member in the set unless it is the sole member. Press ~ to select incremental method. Fill in the fields for minimum, maximum, and increment values for this variable on the right side of the screen. In this method, the members of the set include all values from the minimum to the maximum (both inclusive) at the specified increment.
b.
The units field should also be specified for the variable regardless of input method. All members of a set of values for a subject variable are assigned the specified units. When all data are correct for the subject variable, press ~ to return to Step 1. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing (@ to allow respecification of the data for the subject variable.
4.
Press (@ to process the cases resulting from the combinations of the sets of data for all variables. The summary of each case will be sent to the print file or device. The screen will display the total number of cases to be processed as well as report progress. Errors are reported at the bottom of the screen and are corrected by pressing ~ to allow respecification of variable sets. of the following keys to select the appropriate action:
5. Press w
m m
Return
new sets, Wave Runup,
Exit this application and return to . the Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
5-4-5
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
Example Input All data input for this application is done on two screens. For each screen the values and corresponding units selected for this first example problem are shown below. 1 - Breakwater(3 Materials and3 Layers)
First Screen m Wave Characteristics Incident wave height Wave period Water depth at structure Svmbol Value 6.56 Units ft sec ft Value 3 ft 2.39 1.11
Hi T ds
Svmbol
20.00 15.75
m
Material Characteristics Number of materials comprising the breakwater Units Mean diameter of material 1-Armor Mean diameter of material 2-Underlayer Mean diameter of material 3-Core Porosity of material 1 Porosity of material 2 Porosity of material 3
NM d~o
0.30 37% 37% 37%
Second Screen (Breakwater See Figure

~
Geometry
Input) dimensions used in this first example. Svmbol Value ft
5-4-1
for the breakwater
Units Structure height above toe Cotangent of structure slope Structure crest width Number of horizontal layers in the breakwater
h,
Cote
19.69
1.5 8.27
B NL
5-4-6
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACE3
Users Guide
Thickness of layer 1 Thickness of layer 2 Thickness of layer 3 Note: Sum of the layer thicknesses Length Length Length Length Length Length Length Length Length of of of of of of of of of material material material material material material material material material 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 in in in in in in in in in layer layer layer layer layer layer layer layer layer 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
8.27
THI TH2 TH3

must = the water depth.
11.65
2.56
1.54
LLI,I LLI,2 LLI,3 LL2,1 LL2,Z LLZ,3 LL3,1 LL3,Z LL3,3
14.76(9.s4+4.s2) 14.76(9.e4+4.e2) 17.39

12.46(6.23+6.23)
8.20 0.0 21.00 0.0 0.0
A
Horizontal v
I 1.54
Layer 3
19.69
Figure 5-4-1.
Sample Problem
1-
Breakwater
Geometry
output m
Wave reflection Wave transmission Through Overtopping Total Transmitted wave height coefficient coefficients Svmbol Value Units
KR K~t
KTO
0.719 0.077
0.227
K~ H~
0.239
1.570
ft
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
5-4-7
ACES Users Guide
Wave
Runup,
Transmission,
and Overtopping
Example 2Input
Breakwater
(3 Materials and 4 Layers)
All data input for this application is done on two screens. For each screen the values and corresponding units selected for this second example problem are shown below.
First Screen m Wave Characteristics Incident wave height Wave period Water depth at structure Svmbol Value 10 15.00 25.00 Svmbol Characteristics NM 3 ft Units ft sec ft Value
Hi T ds
h
Material Number of materials comprising the breakwater Units Mean diameter of material 1 Armor- 16,000 lb units (170 lb/fts) Mean diameter of material 2 Underlayer-3,000 lb stone (170 lb/fts) Mean diameter of material 3 Core-400 lb stone (170 lb/ft3) Porosity of material 1 Porosity of material 2 Porosity of material 3
d~o
3.61 2.07 1.05
37% 37% 37?40
Second Screen (Breakwater See Figure k 5-4-2
Geometry
Input) dimensions used in this second example. Symbol Value ft 38.00 1.75
for the breakwater
Units Structure height above toe Cotangent of structure slope Structure crest width
hs
Cote
Number of horizontal layers in the breakwater
B NL
18.00 4
5-4-8
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
and Overtopping
ACES Users Guide
Thickness Thickness Thickness Thickness Note:
of layer of layer of layer of layer Sum of
1 2 3 4 the layer thicknesses 1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in 2 in 2 in 2 in 2 in 3 in 3 in 3 in 3 in of a layer 1 layer 2 layer 3 layer 4 layer 1 layer 2 layer 3 layer 4 layer 1 layer 2 layer 3 layer 4 particular
THI TH2 TH3 TH4

must = the water depth.
4.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 0 0 10 28(Io+Iq 14 36 46(16+30) 32 128 75 22 0
Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material Length of material NOTE: Length of the layer.
LLI,I LLI,X LLI,3 LLI,4 LLZ,I LLZ,2 LLZ,3 LLZ,4 LL3,1 LL3,Z LL3,3 LL3.4
material is measured at the midpoint
(_)cean
T--7
4 5 .
FI 117 L,, , A
1-l
18
1.75f
Harbor
,5
FI . 13
El -25A
Figure 5-4-2.
Sample Problem
2-
Breakwater
Geometry
output
~
Svmbol coefficient coefficients K=t To
Value 0.662 0.055 o
Units
Wave reflection Wave transmission Through Overtopping Total
KR
Transmitted
wave height
KT HT
0.055 0.550
ft
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures
5-4-9
ACES Users Guide
and Overtopping
REFERENCES
AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ahrens, J. P., and McCartney B.L. 1975. Wave Period Effect on the Stability of Riprap, Proceedings of Civil Engineering in the Oceans/III, American PP. 1019-1034. Society of Civil Engineers,
Bear, J., et al.

United
1968. Physical Principles of Water Percolation and Seepage,

Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Nations
Cross, R., and Sollitt, C. 1971. Wave Transmission by Overtopping, Technical Note No. 15, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston. Reflection and Transmission Madsen, O. Su, and White, S. M. 1976. Characteristics of Porous Rubble-Mound Breakwater!, CERC MR 76-5, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Morris, A. H. NSWC-TR-81 NSWC/DL Library of Mathematics Subroutines, 1981. -410, Naval Surface Weapons Center, Dahlgren, VA.
Seelig, W. N. 1979. Estimation of Wave Transmission Coefficients for Permeable Breakwaters, CERC CETA 79-6, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Seelig, W. N. 1980. Two-Dimensional Tests of Wave Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of Laboratory Breakwaters: CERC TR 80-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
5-4-1o
Wave Transmission
Through
Permeable
Structures

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Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

WAVE RUNUP ON BEACHES

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

WAVE RUNUP ON BEACHES

Data Ramze 0.1 to to to 100.0 100.0 100.0

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

ACES Users Guide

Wave Runup, Transmission,

Average Average Average

of the highest of the highest runup

Single Case Mode 0

Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct.

Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press ~ Application

on the Wave Runup, Transmission, Menu to select Irregular Wave Runup

and Overtopping on Beaches.

keys to select the appropriate

Exit this application and return to Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

Multiple Case Mode

Fill in the highlighted (or leave the default are correct.

Press @ on the Functional Transmission, and Overtopping. Press ~ Application

on the Wave Runup, Transmission, Menu to select Irregular Wave Runup

and Overtopping on Beaches.

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

ACES Users Guide

Wave Runup, Transmission,

of the following Return

keys to select the appropriate new sets.

Exit this application and return to Transmission, and Overtopping Menu.

wave period slope

R max R, R1,10 R1, ~

one-tenth one-third Average runup

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Coastal Engineering,

Irregular Wave Runup on Beaches

Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

WAVE RUNUP AND OVERTOPPING

Wave Runup, Transmission,

ACES Users Guide

WAVE RUNUP AND OVERTOPPING

Wave Runup and Overtopping

Wave Runup and Overtopping

ACES Users Guide

Wave Runup, Transmission,

Data Range 0.1 1.0 to to to to to 100.0 1000.0 10000.0

Wave period Cotan of nearshore Water depth toe

at structure slope For vertical above toe

Cotan of structure NOTE: Structure height

Svmbol slo~e runu~ coefficient

See Table A-3 of Appendix for suggested values.

Overtotming Empirical Empirical coefficient coefficient

Units kn, ft/sec mph, m/see, kph ft, m

Data Range 0.0 0.0 to to 200.0 100.0

the following for for Hi T