Range calibration with the IIW V1 block : The main objective of range calibration is to make the CRT screen

n represent a desired material thickness. The CRT screen is graduated in 50 small equal divisions, divided into 10 major groups. By positioning the leading edge of the echoes of known material distances to appropriate scale divisions, different test ranges are calibrated. 100 mm full scale : Set the coarse range control to 50 mm. In this position, the range can be calibrated between 50 mm full scale minimum to 250 mm range full scale maximum. Now Place the probe on the broad face of the IIW - V1 block, i.e. Pos 1. Multiple echoes of the block thickness will appear on the screen with distances of 25, 50, 75, 100 mm etc[ use the fine range control to compress or expand the screen display and the bring the required calibration echoes within the display screen ] Now, using the delay control, set the leading edge of the 25 mm [ first back reflection ] echo at 12.5 th small scale division. Position the leading edge of the 100 mm echo [ Fourth back reflection ] at 50 th small scale division with the fine range control. Repeat these adjustments till both the echoes are accurately positioned [ fixed ] on the scale. To check the calibration, place the probe at pos 2, the first back wall echo shall appear at 50 th scale division. The calibrated range is valid for similar material only. Minimum calibration range possible is equal to one block thickness. Alternate Method : Place the probe at Pos 2. Back wall echoes with 100 mm interval will appear along with the side wall reflection echoes between them [ use fine range control ]. Use lower gain setting. Correctly identify the first and second back wall reflections. Side wall echoes are smaller and appear after each back wall echo. Position the first back reflection at 0 division of the scale with the delay control. Set the second back reflection at 50 th small scale division with the fine range control. Repeat these adjustments till the echoes are accurately positioned on the scale. The screen now displays from 100 mm to 200 mm. Shift the first back reflection to 50 th small scale division with the delay control only to bring the first 100 mm range within the display screen. Full Scale 200 mm : With the probe at pos 2, set the first back reflection to 25 th division with delay control and the second back reflection to the 50 th division with the fine range control. Repeat till positioning is accurate. Check the calibration accuracy from pos 3.

IIW block : for calibration of test ranges, probe and flaw detectors performance check.

Required range 100 mm : Number of small divisions on the scale = 50 1 small scale division = 100 / 50 or 2 mm distance to 1 st indication = 25 mm [ Probe position 1 ] location on scale = 25 / 2 = 12.5 th small scale division. distance to 2 nd indication = 50 mm location on scale = 50 / 2 = 25 th small scale division. Set the 25 mm indication at 12.5 th small scale division with delay and the 50 mm indication at 25 th small scale division with the fine range control. For accuracy of calibration, the first and the last possible echo [ within the calibrating range ] should be positioned, to reduce the flaw detectors horizontal linearity error. INSPECNDT