Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
4 (Apr., 1915), pp. 353-363 Published by: Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/29738073 . Accessed: 27/04/2013 21:23
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the RACE
Vol. 5
journal
of
DEVELOPMENT
APRIL, 1915 No. 4
Province,
in the Philippines
and freedom, solve, is that if of
to face,
is non-Christian The Moro a in the of being but he is not a Mohammedan, to the God of Abraham, He prays pagan. Isaac, and Jacob, but considers Mohammed and not Christ, the interpreter sense
in the Trinity
of worship. is not Fili? He symbols or religion, but it race, government, that he is a "dirty follow savage," of excusing of Spain and the attitude clear the as In some Palawan, evidences East the far as of a Hindu invasion Java, of the
him.
very
India
of these,
especially Java, they and Mindanao Jolo, they on the language, that show these Hindus Who origin. been present time, were to the related
but
probably
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354
JOHN P. FINLEY
Negrito fifteen
at this invasion Ethnologists place peoples. or hundred ago. more, years, its wonderful advance the Moslem When religion began route One in every direction. it spread from Arabia,
followers of Mohammed
and had the East previously
being through
Indies, gone. over the When
these Arabs
group, aboriginal
present Moro. bears them Their say, and history out, legends were This would the original Moros large people.
quite
are of
in keeping with
large frame
and Arabs
aborigines
whom
the Hindus
the hardships However, family, were small people. in the last three have been the Moros subjected and fifty years morally the would and account physically. for their mentally,
deterioration
When
16th Jolo East. the
in the
and of the of and as
pushed and made archipelago also converted many They Mohammedan settlements
and Manila. de Bay, Laguna for another had been postponed of the whole would archipelago as Islam, more his converted
pagan.
invasion
today hundred
the coasts years been have probably firmly for the Spaniard in Christian, hundred of years The mountain he was occupation, people and are only still
people. that
It his
is told name
of the Moro,
a pirate
ravaged
he did.
If so
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355 soil.
every Moslem says before meals grace, is, "Oh us thee to bless this food and give strength God, we beseech to reproduce the coming Before of the Spaniards, it." are said to have the Moros lived in some degree of luxury; which they men from Indian of tilled the soil, and had and with the many servants. They were of strong physique their intercourse islands, not their and a degree of intelligence, gained of the other East the Arabs fact that the Koran had been
from
brought with
families, Datus have royal The Visayan different been own and family
them.
They
kept written
records
(tarsila)
communities.
family of Europe?or
the Sultans and Today as any as well histories recorded the D. A. R's. the of the pagan Filipinos were Malays and a very has never The Filipino when rice left to keep to his soul
conquered
devices.
body together, of the medium of exchange and enough was reasons his For these conquest
a fighting cock, to bet on the chicken. easy. The present re? than agi? a
Filipino,
himself ligion takes for
is perfectly
His The no more Roman people
satisfied with
Catholic who are
Filipinos independence tating the politicos, is a Moor. from Granada Among Spaniard one man not is able to prove himself there is probably who are from one-fourth to nine-tenths They wholly Filipino. Spanish or Chinese. is simply easy repeated not now, Cacique now There an is no for sympathy between with
the im?
Cacique
the mature cannot "tao"
To him
statement this whole
because have
problem of what
people man who is talking
to do with
the Philippines.
The Filipino
from; the a Filipino. He is the element
never
is a Mestizo
that would
is not
The Moro
phase
a politico
Another
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356
JOHN P. FINLEY
lost sight of, is the fact that when it was the Christian Filipino that
he, who benefit most claimed from our and our attention here. being unreason?
vociferous
appreciation so with the Moro. measures health. their own for his The
as well as lacking in for independence, Not American rule has done for him. He to all public cheerfully in the matter of public and Kalibugans have long pursued of changed health element against quarantine their habits officials. to any extent. races out? with
Subanus
effective methods very and cholera, and willingly requirements has the Moro of American the Mestizo
the
forbids indiscriminate religion crossing are Moros, so called but not Moslems, side of Islam. There who wear the fez and assume the garb of the Mohammedan, or other purposes for political, to themselves, of profit but that has should come not lead to the mistaken in the last three idea, that the Moro,
is a mixture
endeavored
hundred years. the Moros, she conquer the Roman Catholic upon religion re? said, "You must give up your do or be driven and his out of existence." hundred to has and take and home. for three
fifty years He has had no on the amenities before thing, the that
religion no chance
ruthless this
to a Mohammedan
In ligion. any solution other life, as struggle strong through recognized the
it is well connection, of the Moro problem, by the American, must count this element upon government, largest the Moro factor has in the equation. In this who It retrogressed; to withstand such that, after there was certainly, influences? a lower
except than life, his re? to remember that or any of his constant of us is a well had come of morals is
enough fact
the American
people standard
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THE MOHAMMEDAN and nation, fought an undercurrent that took four years; of
PROBLEM
IN THE PHILIPPINES
357
would
of
our boasted
civilization
of
be today?
the Philippines,
At
the time
Spain was
the American
occupation
The Spaniards had tried fighting the Lake Lanao Moros. to build a road through that district and the Moros were
in arms soldiers Spain them. against and maintained in defense This by road was finished the very Moros by American who had fought
of their was
religion.
At
States
the beginning
Spain
the
the United
of any fact was
existence
this the Philippines. When in Turkey, to our Ambassador communicated saw once the possi? of New at Straus he York, lay before situation, gained requested Caliph and an us he a careful of a holy war. After action felt the need of prompt
States; consequently he
with the of of A Abdul Sultan, re? the Moslem such to a body of ascertain
City. the
American
treaty
has
and
Section
As the government is not in any sense States of the United as on the Christian in itself no charac? has founded it religion; of Mussel ter of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquihty men; and as said states never have entered into any war or act it is declared by the of hostility nation, against any Mahometan no shall ever that from pretext arising religious opinions parties the two of the harmony existing between produce an interruption
nations.
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JOHN P. FINLEY the war reiterated our with the Barbary by Jefferson. the same States, have We various
the Ottoman
from that time Empire, extending lack of unfriendliness absolute religion. of these to be sent the Sultan, facts, to the Mohammedans as
consideration
of the Philippine
against their with As
rule.
as no the Americans, inter? inasmuch Ameri? under be allowed religion would than that, have never the Moros asked more that agents, they at refused the time all overtures of letter had If the of made, Filipino thanks and at to said, least will of the but
surprising,
saved
reader
States.
In our
the Moros
sight of these General Major George W. Davis, of the problem after a careful study
to at conversion and attempts But they are Mohammedans, if made, would result, as have all other Christianity probably failure. to proselyte these people, viz. in a complete attempts A prominent priest of the Jesuit order, who had spent twenty of Mindanao, years of his life in contact with the Mohammedans inmaking had yet succeeded said to the writer that no missionary in this or any other coun? converts among adult Mohammedans, to are sent among them, they are doomed If missionaries try. their religion would any interference with failure, and besides, Our gov? as an insult and resisted to the death. be resented them in the practice of their ernment will not, of course, molest our govern? our laws. But so long as they observe religion ment should not permit others (any persons) at least at present, to attempt their conversion to Christianity.
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359
been
The Dutch
in the East
step;
Indies, with
their 35,000,000
and France recognize
of
some of these men in the remained failed, the of and under country guise friendship?pro? to poison the United ceeded the Moslems States against was the c?dula When government. increased, they said, "The Some to become to force you is to be used money to give you a better It is not government." of the Moros stories and resisted believed these the un? a was It tax little their lives. with (c?dula) extra that because missions, it gave as color allowed such, were to the stories told added in them their by
Christians. head
aided, was
as the writer, several years before to gain the confidence of these strange reason was for this being, that his attitude persons, viz., that came, when was published
other
awakening
Province/' men wrote most intelligent ernor Finley, in which he the and not government said it must have done and
only they were " Law for the Moro the Organic in their dialect and one of their a very respectful letter to Gov? of the kindness remarked upon so much for the Moros trouble
in taking would be a good thing, or the Americans took time and much all this work that
of the sentence the crowning then he added learning; to send it to the people whole beseech "We you letter; was a bolt we from a for who need do not." That it, sure so were not did these clear they Why people sky. need What tions this had that law, they no savage that took ever penned of the place such it? an assertion? were We all ques? an began and found : a Bible of law,
things which was not they had the Koran, to dispute over, but a plain book
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360 that
JOHN P. FINLEY
act of a Mohammedan's every guides life, toward his his his family and himself. government, God, neighbor, a careful care? After and an equally study of the Koran, we ful inspection of their were found that teachers, they not being religion bodied teachers of Sulu in accordance with the doctrines of their taught em? in the Koran. laid down We thereupon our a request next in for Mohammedan report, as
of accredited and The rank. Sultans learning and many and Magindanao, of the leading men at once what such a request meant, and were recognized as overjoyed, because, they said themselves, they recognized was great and imperative, that their need in this direction was if progress to be made. the year we embodied Every same for in our reports and the Moro waited thing the consummation of this wish of their and prayed fathers and
themselves.
years every ence, while
"
these
the
opposing
and stat? Islands, true they Mohammedans, to be loyal Americans; also wanted and it was just we that to the intolerance Americans added with we had our own Indians, treated the sister sin of be We because that reading hesitated they to aid these to people in these their and chil? objected sending a cut that forever taught language the Koran, which is in sacred Arabic,
not withdrawn
schools
off from
we blamed them. We failed at first to appreciate this need and did not aid them in learning this sacred language;
forgetting our hands the dangers that over of we the an roll our saintliness unknown and eyes heavenward clasp of the Pilgrims, who braved the rigors sea, and endured
of New England winters, in order that their children might not forget the faith of their fathers and the language
learned is a most at their mother's curious life in a foreign country. knee, old world, and one of its most This curious
phases
fails
is our attitude
from
fellow/'
if he
to view
is a virtue,
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PROBLEM as we
361
the world
do,
In the organic
Government States, ise to July the Moros
Islands
of 5. solemn
(Civil
Act, approved by the Congress we make the following 1, 1902) and Filipinos. (Section
of personal
rights.)
That no law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble to for redress of grievances. the Government petition no law shall be made an establishment That of respecting the free exercise thereof and that the free religion or prohibiting of religious profession exercise and enjoyment and worship, with? out discrimination, shall forever be allowed.
In the Treaty
Spain, provides
of Peace between
on December
the United
10, 1898,
States and
Article 10,
of the territories over which Spain relinquishes The inhabitants or cedes her sovereignty shall be secured in the free exercise of their religion. Our cause ernment with that sin against the the Moro basic is all the more grievous which the be?
any
upon principles not to States is founded, that we assured the Moros second,
religion,
that
the Sultan
of Turkey,
that whenever States; fourth, for his improvement had any measure sinister motive of divorcing him from his accepted Moros it. were In the Lake Lanao of our
was the Moro, himself, a good citizen of the United he became that convinced, not behind it the he readily religion, we inherited the country
If we had waited
intentions, not
until
to
the
inter?
fere with their religion, the road could have been built without the slightest objection on their part. But they
had not before absolutely of that the no way of knowing the Spaniard. They began. that were our so attitude remote was from
of the Caliph,
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JOHN P. FINLEY went among the Moros, over whom there was he no
any measure, fully explained on their part after he had shown them that he objection or case to do so, could in of failure faith with kept them, so a reason him for it. trusted fully that they They give in him honor their and made conferred every power, upon him their Ambassador and to the Caliph, with true to inform him, the Caliph, that States of Islam, but also loyal citizens of the United to be taught to remain and wished so; and that they wished But why Mo? their duty to their God and to their country. Because the Koran and teachers? hammedan they know teachers followers the the be His nence life and sacred purposes Arabic, Moslem to the prayers is too well a petition they were
control
for
The
of the Prophet, and are familiar with and forms of worship. in his to armored religion, He has the same God. absti? things. and inculcates prayer, in all and temperance
He
He
is an Entity
not a Person.
no Sunday to prayer. because every day is devoted reasons He for rejecting the Trinity, definite has very a are not to be argued he is which away. Yes, polygamist ?and the both out an Oriental latter explains to the days back harking the former. This question and educational as old grounds. as Abraham, which after of Solomon? of polygamy
upon
the
still manifests
clandestine primal of civilization If we governing to embrace white man wish the
itself among
the Christian
nations
in the
instinct
concubinage, of Natural that Selection, to cover. is not yet thick enough the honor and of life. the Moro satisfaction have It the of we must
the Moro
his viewpoint to interpret unless taken with he this most the Moro
lives with
Wholly for many years. step, we are prepared line of his own culture.
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PROBLEM
IN THE PHILIPPINES
363
religion neglect,
customary
ridicule, the way pointing own system. Such confidence, insure peace Why to the attain of not
all without them laws, carrying or while contempt violence, continually to higher results ideals and better in his a course will remove suspicion, resistance, neutralize in leadership and by aiding beget and
promote loyalty, and progress. show our qualities of the Moros ideals? the Moro adopt will
Such
exhibits If we refusing
and life.
in our daily
and its reali? be
finally adopt
it is
of the scheme, the conclu? purpose to is his faith, another under way change plan cases most and A demonstration in he is right. of our to get his view point. failure
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