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The issue of "personhood" is as important in the euthanasia debate as it is in considering the morality of abortion.
1 True False status: not answered () correct: true your answer:

The traditional definition of "death" was the cessation of all heart-lung functioning.
2 True False status: not answered () correct: true your answer:

The American Medical Association considers "killing" and "allowing to die" morally equivalent.
3 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

"Euthanasia" derives from the Greek work for "sad or unhappy death."
4 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

All philosophers agree that "euthanasia" refers only to acts of intentional killing, and not to acts of allowing someone to die.
5 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

Involuntary euthanasia is termination of a comatose patient who previously signed a living will.
6 True

False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

The U.S. Supreme Court has struck down state laws which attempted to ban assisted suicide.
7 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

The U.S. Supreme Court recognized the right of a competent patient to refuse life-preserving medical treatment in Cruzan v. Missouri Health Services.
8 True False status: not answered () correct: true your answer:

The U.S. Supreme Court has banned the use of living wills, as they can be abused.
9 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer:

Philosophers and medical ethicists agree that allowing defective newborns to die is always immoral when the decision is made because of financial hardship to the family.
10 True False status: not answered () correct: false your answer: Why has euthanasia become such a pressing ethical issue in recent decades? a. Because contemporary society is more ethical than previous generations. 11 b. Because contemporary society is less ethical than previous generations. Because new technologies in medicine have made it possible to sustain life artificially long past the c. time when an individual could sustain life independently.

d. Because overpopulation makes it less desirable to encourage people to live longer. status: not answered () correct: c your answer: Why is it important to distinguish "ordinary" from "extraordinary" treatment in considering the morality of euthanasia? a. Because the morality of euthanasia is on a continuum of degrees of morality. 12 b. Because "extraordinary" treatments are typically very expensive and not covered by insurance. Because every citizen has a constitutional right to "ordinary" medical treatment, but not c. "extraordinary" treatment. Because many euthanasia arguments consider it moral to stop administering "extraordinary" d. treatment, but not "ordinary" treatment. status: not answered () correct: d your answer: What is "voluntary euthanasia"? a. A death in which a competent adult commits suicide, sometimes with the assistance of a physician. b. A death in which the family members of a comatose patient give permission for euthanasia. c. A death in which a doctor voluntarily terminates the life of a seriously ill patient. A death in which a competent adult patient requests or gives informed consent to a particular course d. of medical treatment or nontreatment. status: not answered () correct: d your answer: Why does Gay-Williams believe that active euthanasia is morally wrong? a. Because it is part of a growing trend to devalue human life. b. Because it violates the natural, human inclination to continue living. c. Because it is the result of unthinking sympathy and benevolence. d. Because active euthanasia is identical with passive euthanasia, which is also wrong. status: not answered () correct: b your answer:

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Why does Gay-Williams believe that "self-interest" argues against the morality of euthanasia? a. Because euthanasia can relieve us of pain and suffering from terminal disease. b. Because we might miss the possibility of a new cure if we rush to euthanasia. c. Because every person should be able to decide when and how he or she dies. d. Because our continued life can be a financial burden on our familiar status: not answered () correct: b your answer: What "practical effects" does Gay-Williams consider relevant in arguing against euthanasia? a. Doctors are sometimes mistaken in their diagnosis of seriously ill patients. b. It is expensive to keep people alive using all the latest technologies. It would have a corrupting influence on the medical profession and result in poorer health care for c. everybody. d. It is difficult emotionally for family members to see terminally ill patients in pain. status: not answered () correct: c your answer: What does Rachels urge the American Medical Association to do with regard to euthanasia? a. To change its policy to ban all forms of euthanasia, whether active or passive. b. To issue a statement with its policy on euthanasia to give guidance to the medical profession. c. To change its policy stating that active euthanasia is wrong, but passive euthanasia is acceptable. d. To intentionally violate the law banning active euthanasia as a form of civil disobedience. status: not answered () correct: c your answer: Which reason would Rachels give to argue that there is no moral difference between active and passive euthanasia? 18 a. The AMA has issued a policy statement that there is no moral difference. b. All euthanasia is wrong to Rachels, whether active or passive.

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The legal system recognizes that there is no difference, and morality should be consistent with the c. law. d. Maintaining that distinction leads to life and death decisions made on irrelevant grounds. status: not answered () correct: d your answer: What is the mistake in the AMA reasoning on euthanasia, according to Rachels? a. The AMA mistakenly says the cessation of treatment is not an intentional termination of life. b. The AMA mistakenly urges doctors to violate the law on euthanasia. c. The AMA mistakenly equates active and passive euthanasia. d. The AMA mistakenly condemns all euthanasia. status: not answered () correct: a your answer: Why does Foot believe that active nonvoluntary euthanasia is immoral? a. Because it violates the person's right to life. b. Because it violates the AMA policy on euthanasia. c. Because she believes that all active euthanasia is immoral. d. Because she believes that all euthanasia is immoral. status: not answered () correct: a your answer: Does Foot believe that passive nonvoluntary euthanasia is moral? a. No, as it is compatible with justice, but not charity. b. Yes, when it is compatible with both justice and charity. c. No, as it is not compatible with either justice or charity. d. No, as it is compatible with charity, but not justice. status: not answered () correct: b your answer:

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Does Foot support legislation to make euthanasia legal? a. Yes, as the moral arguments supporting all forms of euthanasia are so strong. b. No, as she believes that legal issues should be kept separate from moral issues. c. No, as she is wary of possible abuses, even for euthanasia which might be moral. Yes, as the moral arguments supporting all forms of euthanasia except active voluntary are so d. strong. status: not answered () correct: c your answer: When does Brandt believe we have a prima facie obligation not to terminate a person's existence? a. When we are killing in self-defense. b. When the person has left a living will more than one year old. c. When this would injure the person or if the person does not wish to be terminated. d. We always have this obligation, as killing is always wrong. status: not answered () correct: c your answer: When does Brandt believe there is no prima facie obligation not to terminate a person's existence? When there would be no injury to the person or there would be a positive benefit, provided this is a. consistent with any evidence of the patient's wishes. b. When it would be consistent with the patient's wishes, regardless of injury or benefit. c. When it would be consistent with the family's wishes, regardless of injury or benefit. When there would be no injury to the person or there would be a positive benefit, regardless of the d. evidence of the patient's wishes. status: not answered () correct: a your answer: According to Brandt, how should we determine the patient's wishes regarding euthanasia if he or she is in a coma? 25 We can appropriately consider conversations of friends and other evidence to make this a. determination. b. The patient's wishes are irrelevant, so long as the family agrees to the euthanasia.

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c. The patient's wishes are irrelevant, as all euthanasia is immoral for Brandt. d. We should make a presumption that all comatose patients prefer euthanasia. status: not answered () correct: a