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More Examples on
Triple Integrals
EVALUATING TRIPLE INTEGRALS
Evaluate
This is a triple integral over the solid region
Example
( )
2
2 2 2
2 4 2
2 2
2 4
x
x x y
x y dz dy dx

+
+
} } }
( )
2 2 2 2
{ , , | 2 2, 4 4 , 2}
E
x y z x x y x x y z
=
s s s s + s s
EVALUATING TRIPLE INTEGRALS
The projection of E onto the xy-plane
is the disk x
2
+ y
2
4.
The lower surface of
E is the cone
Its upper surface is
the plane z = 2.
Example
2 2
z x y = +
EVALUATING TRIPLE INTEGRALS
That region has a much simpler description
in cylindrical coordinates:
E =
{(r, , z) | 0 2, 0 r 2, r z 2}
Thus, we have the following result.
Example
EVALUATING TRIPLE INTEGRALS
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 2
2 4 2
2 2
2 4
2 2 2
2 2 2
0 0
2 2
3
0 0
2
4 5
1 1
2 5
0
16
5
2
2
x
x x y
r
E
x y dz dy dx
x y dV r r dz dr d
d r r dr
r r
t
t
u
u
t
t

+
+
= + =
=
= (

=
} } }
}}} } } }
} }
Example
Evaluate
where B is the unit sphere:
( )
3/ 2
2 2 2
x y z
B
e dV
+ +
}}}
( )
{ }
2 2 2
, , 1 B x y z x y z = + + s
TRIPLE INTGN. IN SPH. COORDS. Example
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As the boundary of B is a sphere, we use
spherical coordinates:
In addition, spherical coordinates are appropriate
because:
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
=
2
( ) { }
, , 0 1, 0 2 , 0 B u | u t | t = s s s s s s
Example TRIPLE INTGN. IN SPH. COORDS.
( )
( )
| | ( ) ( )
3/ 2
2 2 2
3/ 2
2
3
3
2 1
2
0 0 0
2 1
2
0 0 0
1
1 4
3 3
0
0
sin
sin
cos 2 1
x y z
B
e dV
e d d d
d d e d
e e
t t

t t

t

| u |
| | u
| t t
+ +
=
=
(
= =

}}}
} } }
} } }
Example TRIPLE INTGN. IN SPH. COORDS.
It would have been extremely awkward to
evaluate the integral without spherical
coordinates.
In rectangular coordinates, the iterated integral
would have been:
( )
3/ 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
1 1 1
1 1 1
x x y
x y z
x x y
e dz dy dx

+ +

} } }
Note TRIPLE INTGN. IN SPH. COORDS.
Chapter 7 Course Notes
Stokes Theorem
VECTOR CALCULUS
DIVERGENCES VS. GREENS THEOREM
Recall Greens Theorem in divergence form:
If F is a vector field in
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Recall the Divergence Theorem.
If F is a vector field in
dxdy ds
R
F n F div
C
}} }
=
2
R
3
R
dV dS
V S
F n F div
}}} }}
=
STOKES VS. GREENS THEOREM
Recall Greens Theorem in vector form:
If F is a vector field in
-----------------------------------------------------------------
If F is a vector field in
This is Stokes Theorem.
S is a smooth orientable surface with a rim. The rim is the
closed curve C.
2
R
3
R
( ) dA d
R C
}} }
V = k F r F
( ) dS d
S C
}} }
V = n F r F
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STOKES THEOREM
The figure shows an oriented surface with
unit normal vector n.
The orientation of S
induces the positive
orientation of the
boundary curve C.
If you walk in the
positive direction
around C, the surface
will always be on
the left.
STOKES VS. GREENS THEOREM
Stokes Theorem can be regarded as
a higher-dimensional version of Greens
Theorem.
Greens Theorem relates a double integral over
a plane region D to a line integral around its plane
boundary curve.
Stokes Theorem relates a surface integral over
a 3D surface S to a line integral around the rim of S
(boundary curve of S, a space curve).
STOKES THEOREM
Use Stokes Theorem to evaluate
where:
F(x, y, z) = y
2
i + x j + z
2
k
C is the curve of intersection of the plane
y + z = 2 and the cylinder x
2
+ y
2
= 1.
(Orient C to be counterclockwise
when viewed from above.)
C
d
}
F r
Example 1 STOKES THEOREM
The curve C is the ellipse shown.
There are many surfaces with
boundary C:
The most convenient
choice, though, is
the elliptical region S
in the plane y + z = 2
that is bounded by C.
If we orient S upward,
C has the induced
positive orientation.
Example 1
STOKES THEOREM
The projection D of S
on the xy-plane
is the disk x
2
+ y
2
1.
Example 1
( )
2 2
curl 1 2y
x y z
y x z
c c c
= = +
c c c

i j k
F k
STOKES THEOREM
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 1
0 0
1
2 3
2
0
0
2
1 2
2 3
0
1
2
curl 1 2
1 2 sin
2 sin
2 3
sin
2 0
C
S D
d d y dA
r r dr d
r r
d
d
t
t
t
u u
u u
u u
t t
= = +
= +
(
= +
(

= +
= + =
} }} }}
} }
}
}
F r F S
Example 1