ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY -CurriculumII semester (term) 2+5 (210 classes)

This subject deals with the theoretical basis of the chemical methods (dissolving of substances, activity and concentration, chemical equilibrium, acid base reactions, complex compounds building reactions, reaction of sedimentation, oxidation - reductive reactions), qualitative chemical reaction (elementary, functional and molecular analysis; analytic reactions; reagents; systematic qualitative analysis); quantitative chemical analysis; (gravimetric method, volumetric method, division method sedimentation division, distillation, evaporation and extraction). 1.Theoretical basis of the Analytical Chemistry The Subject and the tasks of the analytical Chemistry. Methods of qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Chemical reactions in the analytical Chemistry. Types of chemical reactions. Ionic equation. Chemical balance. Irretrievable and returning reactions. Specificity, selectivity (differentiation) and irritability(susceptibility) of the chemical reactions. Collecting and preparing the test (trial) for analysis. 2. Electrolytes solutions Dissolving process. Reactions of the dissolving substances when in touch with water-ionic and non ionic substances. Disolution. Electrolytes solutions. Composition of solutions and ways of expressing the composition of the real solutions: quantitative concentration of dissolved substance, fatty concentration of the dissolved substance, modality of the dissolved substance B in the solvent A, molar participation of the dissolved substance, Fatty participation of the dissolved substance, volume concentration of the dissolved substance. Transformation of the quantitative concentration of the dissolved substance into a fatty participation percentage and vice versa. Transformation of the fatty participation percentage into fatty concentration and vice versa. Transformation of the fatty participation percentage into molar participation of the dissolved substance. Dilution of the solutions. Mixing of solutions. 3. Balances in homogeneous environment Theory of electrolytic dissociation. Level of electrolytic dissociation. Application of the Act of the action of the accumulations among the electrolytes. Dislocation of the ionic balance in homogeneous environment. Debaj-Hiklys theory on strong electrolytes. Activity and activity coefficient. Expressing of the water solutions reaction (pH,pOH). Current theories

on acids and basis. Estimation of the concentration of the hydroxonium ions in acid and basis solutions. Solutions of strong acids when c> of weak acids in situations when: <5% c> >5%. Solutions of strong basis when c> weak basis in situations when <5% c> mol/ mol/ mol/ mol/ and c< mol/ . Solutions mol/ and

,<5% c< mol/ mol/

and c< ,<5% c<

. Solutions of and >5%.

Hydrolysis (proteolysis) from the Protolytical theory point of view. Estimation of pH in solutions of ampholyte (acid salts). Estimation of pH in solutions of salts acquired from monoprotic acids and weak monoprotic basis. Regulatory mixtures(Puffer Mixtures)