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1. Chapter 1 Introduction The sociological investigation or researches are based on real issues of our society that changes the structural view of our society. The researcher has felt the importance of research on the tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys. In this chapter the researcher will present the statement of the problem, objectives, and importance and research questions. 1.1 Statement of the problem The statement of the problem is very much clear from its view point. It is clear that the researcher had tried to investigate about the deviant behavior of young boys through her research. Criminal activities include so many crimes but in general we can describe it as a violation of social norms which are established to control people in a social way. Violation of social norms is crime but it is not necessary to punish for simple violation of social norms. We will consider a deviant behavior as crime and the researcher has also considered about those types of crimes that may create a heavy loss to others life and property. Most of the criminal activities are done by young boys and in most cases they are used by others to do so. The researcher didnt considered political view but in our day-to-day life activities show us many examples of criminal activities done by boys of young generation. People of our society are now very much career oriented and the competition between the individuals is increasing day by day. In this situation the one doesnt have enough time to think about their grown up boys and most of the time they dont even feel the necessity of spending some time with their children. As a result they remain deprived of care and love from their parents and want to secure the affection from anyone else. In most cases, the researcher has observed that boys are doing deviant behavior as they are rejected in love, detached from family or addicted by drugs. As a result it has a very negative impact on his family and on society. Criminal activities are making society and country lag behind from any other country. Criminal activities depend on the mental issue of most of the boys. Most of the time they do so to get rid of their depression and sometimes they do criminal activities influenced by others. Whatever the cause is the main thing is that they do it make harm to other people. For that reason they do mostly the

unorganized crimes. Some boys get involved into organized crime and professional crime depends on their mental and financial position. In this case moral issues dont affect much on a boys mind as they have to meet their needs. Bangladesh is a developing where most of the people are lower middle class or middle class. As a result the boys belonging to these families remain under pressure and they are committed to their parents to take the family burden. Other motivating factors are also create a situation that makes a boy to do crime but all factors work as an element that leads them to the state of depression and they fails to handle the in a wise way. 1.2 Objectives The chosen topic by the researcher is very much broadening as it affects not only a persons personal life but also the whole society. The objectives of this research topic are:a. The main objective this research is to explore the boys mental condition before conducting such criminal activities. b. To determine their way of associating crime depending on their age, class, social position, caste and educational background. c. Finding out the impact of criminal activities from the very early age and the role of environment in this respect. 1.3 Importance Crime related issues are very much sensitive and in our country it is a great hindrance to our development. So, it is very important to find out the main problem behind this situation. Crime occurs because of peoples deviant behavior and now day-by-day the rate of doing criminal activities is increasing. There are so many causes behind this which is impossible to demonstrate within a single research paper. The researcher has tried to find out some common problems that work behind the tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys. Most of them do this because of depression and there are various causes of depression which will be discussed later briefly. Some of them take it as a profession and some boys get involved in crime or crime related issues to meet their financial crisis. Whatever the cause is it has a bad impact on the criminal and his family. Most of the time they think that they wont ever be caught or he can hide his

sin from his family member. Sometimes family hide their sons fault from outside world. By doing so, they give their boys the opportunity to do the same thing again. Sometimes parents take their sons fault as a childish manner and thus their take it as a legal issue and dont care to do the same behavior. By this way, one day they do such an inconsiderable crime. So, it is important to guide a teen-ager boy in a perfect way. So that they will be able to understand about what is right and what is wrong. The issue affects mostly to our society and country. If the rate of doing criminal activities increase day by day, a critical condition will be created in our country. Moreover, it is too much difficult for government to control the young boys from associating crime as most of them are not professional criminal. So, it is a loyal duty of every parents to observe the movement of their boys. 1.4 Research Questions a. Which factors influence a young boy to get involved in a criminal activity? b. How environment play a great role by influencing them to do crime? c. What is role of personal relationship in this issue? d. What is role of friends and family in a boys life? e. What are the main factors of depression? f. How their activities have bad impact on socio-economic condition of our country? g. How their habits can be a cause of associating serious crime? h. What techniques should be applied to reduce this problem? i. What moral values should be implemented in them to stop these criminal activities? j. How proper education and employment can create a new sense in them?

Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys in Global context Criminal activities among young boys are a high priority and high concerned issue in a global context. A report has been published on the Dominican Republic with a brief overview on youth crime. For the purposes of this report, youth violence is defined as homicide and non-fatal attacks perpetrated by or against a person aged 10-29 years of age. This age range was selected for three reasons. First, the late adolescent or early adulthood period of 15-29 is generally considered to have the highest risk for all forms of violence globally. Second, the early adolescent period (10-14 years) is a growing concern in the region because both quantitative and qualitative evidence points to violent crimes being committed at younger and younger ages. In 2005, young Dominicans aged 11-30 accounted for 46 percent of homicide victims, yet only represented 38 percent of the general population. In Jamaica, youth under the age of 25 were responsible for 51 percent of all murders and 56 percent of all major crimes in 2000 (World Bank, 2004). In the Dominican Republic, arrests for homicides by minors under the age of 18 rose over the period 1995-2004 from 2 to 113, with over 95 percent male (UNODC, 2002). Similar trends occurred in St. Kitts and Nevis, where in 1990 only 1.2 percent of all crimes were committed by juveniles, yet by 1998, this had increased to 17 percent (UNODC, 2002). A worrisome consequence of these trends is that evidence points to the fact that violent behavior in youth has a strong tendency to continue into adulthood (WHO, 2003; Levitt, 1998).
Boys as perpetrators

In Jamaica, the countrys homicide rate for 2005, considered the highest in the world, was at an all-time high and over 70 percent of homicides were committed by young men ages 16-30. Shares were similar for shootings (78

percent), robbery (74 percent), and rape (68 percent). In the Dominican Republic, of the current prison population, 62 percent of those arrested for homicide were 16-29 at the time of arrest compared to 71 percent of those arrested for robbery. In the first six months of 2006, 61 percent of new prisoners arrested for homicide were 16-29 and 70 percent for robbery (Procuradura General de la Repblica Dominicana, 2006). Crimes perpetrated by minors (under age 18) in the Dominican Republic have also been on the rise over the past decade. Arrests of minors tripled between 2000 and 2003 and started to decline in 2004 and 2005 (Figure 5.2). However, those arrests related to illegal arms and drugs have shown no sign of decreasing (Dominican Republic National Police, 2006) In fact, whereas over the past decade the most common crimes committed by minors were petty theft (48 percent), drugs (11 percent) and assault (10 percent), those that experienced the most consistent growth were arrests for homicide and illegal arms, with average annual increases over the past decade of 195 percent and 107 percent, respectively. These were followed by average annual increases in aggressive assault (28 percent) and drug arrests (22 percent).6 As Box 5.1 illustrates, qualitative data supports the quantitative evidence that younger groups of youth are increasingly involved in violent crime. 2.2 Tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys in Asian context In this part, we will discuss about the present records of criminal activities which have been associated thorough out the Asian countries. Delinquent and criminal behavior is a common thing among young people as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world. Statistical data indicate that in virtually all parts of the world, with the exception of the United States, rates of youth crime rose in the 1990s. In Western Europe, one of the few regions for which data are available, arrests of juvenile delinquents and under-age offenders increased by an average of around 50 per cent between the mid- 1980s and the late 1990s. The countries in transition have also witnessed a dramatic rise in delinquency rates; since 1995, juvenile crime levels in many countries in Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States have increased by more than 30 per

cent. Many of the criminal offences are related to drug abuse and excessive alcohol use. Information about the victims allows conclusions to be drawn about the offenders as well. Results of self report studies indicate that an overwhelming majority of those who participate in violence against young people are about the same age and gender as their victims. In most cases the offenders are males acting in groups. Those most likely to be on the receiving end of violence are between of some form of crime. Surveys have shown that men are more likely than women to become victims. In the United States, 105 in every 1,000 men become crime victims, compared with 80 per 1,000 women. Men are 2.5 times more likely to be victims of aggravated assault. Older people are less often affected; as mentioned, crimes are usually committed by representatives of the same age groups to which the victims belong. 2.3 Tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys in Bangladeshi context In Bangladesh the rate of criminal activities is increasing day by day. The most common crime that is associated by the young boys is Rape which is very common in rural area. During the year of 2006 Bangladesh has ranked #81 among 116 countries of the world.(www.nationmaster.com) The rate of associated rape cases per capita is 7.5 which is really high. A study titled Under-Aged Prison Inmates in Bangladesh: A Sample Situation of Youthful Offenders in Greater Dhaka, (Action Aid, November 2008) found that the dominant age group of the inmates having committed crime is between 12 and <16 years (64.58%), and itwas found that 31.25% did not attend school. In this area, there is an improvement over the study conducted during the year 2003, when 41% were found to have not attended school at all. Out of whole of the inmate population, the representation of the Dhaka Metropolitan area was more than 61%, and Mirpur Police Station area appears to be the first among the Police Station to have contributed largely to the sample within the city. Among the 5 districts, Narshingdi has the highest numbers. The important charges/complaints against the inmates were theft (22.92%), murder (18.05%) as against 15.57% during the year 2003, drug related offence (13.19%) and possession of illegal arms (10.14%) as against 27.33 % during the year 2003. Situation regarding other offences

remained almost static. The inmates of Prison and Correctional Homes have been staying for a period of about 3 months (almost 50%). Another burning issue of our country is Eve teasing. Constant eve teasing by way ward naughty young people become an issue of grave concern to the society throughout the country. Eve-teasing has been identified as the beginning of violence against women. According to the press reports during 2001 to 2006, a five-year period, ten girls committed suicide owing to harassments by local young hoodlums, goons, and terrorists. Eight of them were 916 years, the rest two were 21/22 years old. Drug Abuse: The real scenario of drug abuse is indeed a frustrating one. According to the statement of Department of Narcotic Control, About 100,000 people, including 30,000 women and children, are involved in illegal drug trade in Bangladesh. Drug dependents spend at least 460 million taka (about 6.57 million U.S. dollars) on narcotics every day. There was no specific government data on the number of drug addicts or drug use in the country. According to the FHI in 2004 there were some 4.6 million drug addicts in the country. Heroine is the most widely abused hard drug and around 75 percent of the dependent are 15-30 years old. A rapid situation assessment on drug and substance use was conducted by UNICEF in 2008. The study is focused in selected divisional cities and convergence districts of Bangladesh namely Dhaka and Gazipur in Dhaka division, Chittagong and Coxs Bazar in Chittagong division, Khulna and Kushtia in Khulna Division, Barisal and Barguna in Barisal Division, Sylhet and Moulavi Bazar in Sylhet Division and Rajshahi and Chapainawabganj in Rajshahi Division. Findings from the rapid assessment revealed that the average age of the drug users is 16 years, with 42 % of them being below the age of fifteen years. 17% of the injecting drug users have shared syringe/ needles. The main initiation age 11 years to 15 years, during this age 79% of the children had initiation to sex. 82% of the girls had ever sold sex for buying drugs. The vulnerability of both the boys and girls is very obvious as 68% of the boys had sex with sex workers in one or more of their last three sexual intercourses, and 59% of the girls had sex with their clients in the same number of sex occasions. Majority (59%) of the young people faced harassment due to taking drugs. Access of Young boys to Pornography: Most of the adolescents especially the adolescent boys use to watch porno film on

Compact Disc (CD). The pirated copies of these CDs are very cheap and available throughout the country. In all Metropolitan Cities the roadside stores sell these CDs and most of the sellers are adolescent boys. When someone visits these stores the seller talks with local sign languages to inform that he has those porno films. In interviews with different CD sellers it is found that large numbers of consumers are both school going and nongoing adolescents. They exchange CDs, one with others among the friends. Many of these students preserve porno MP4 and Porno images in their cell phone and enjoy these in a group. Sometimes they send these to their friends and other girls through SMS and make them embarrassed. Uncontrolled access to Internet and satellite TV channels is promoting this trend among the adolescent population.

Chapter 3 Methodology Research methodology is a systematic way of studying about an issue and finding out the most accurate data and information related to that issue. A research methodology includes a lot many curriculums depends on the structure of that methodology. In this chapter, the researcher have used qualitative methodology to analyze the research problem and to find out the accurate information by coded data. 3.1 Why qualitative methodology? Qualitative methodology is suitable for the research work as we want a very clear view about the problem. This methodology gives a researcher so many process of research to find out the desired information. Qualitative research is based respondents real life experiences. It is a realistic methodology which includes social relations and discovers the underlying motives of an issue. As we were discussing about a global issue, it requires many objectives and fundamentals to find out the actual reason acting behind this. Qualitative methodology creates the environment and freedom to continue the research according to participants observation. The issue related many things which cant be revealed with structured questionnaire. In this respect, qualitative methodology is the only way which is unstructured or semi structured. Moreover, we can do in depth interviews and several case studies to unravel the truth. Overall, qualitative research is a rapidly developing discipline and the subject of lively debate. 3.2 Study Site For a successful research, the researcher has to choose a suitable study site where he/she could easily find his/her respondents. The researcher has selected some students of East West University and also some respondents who are residing at the area of shantinagar, mohakhali, uttara and jatrabari as her respondents. 3.3 Study Population

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The researcher has selected some boys who are young and committed crimes throughout their lifetime. Some of them were drug addicted and some of them have been a victim of crime. The researcher has chosen the population for her research work very carefully and the people were also enough comfortable to reveal the real facts happened with them or done by them. 3.4 Sample Size The research topic requires lots of sampling techniques. But the researcher could not sample all the samples required for the research as most of the respondent were unwilling to reveal all their crime. As this a global issue and parents are also concerned about the issue, the researcher has found almost all factors working behind the tendency of doing criminal activities at a very young age. The researcher has conducted in depth interviews and 2 case studies to find out the actual information from the respondents. 3.5 Data Collection Instruments Data collection and preserving the data is very important to conduct a research. The researcher has collected the data by distributing questionnaire. The researcher has also used in-depth interviews, focus group interviews and narrative method for case study. The questionnaire was semi-structured and the researcher has kept the valuable information by recording them with audiotape. For in-depth interview the researcher has used papers to note the information as they were not uncomfortable with audiotape. 3.6 Techniques of Data Collection The researcher had to apply specific techniques to find out the required information. In this respect, the researcher thinks that in depth interview was the most preferable technique. The researcher has create an suitable environment where respondents can feel free to share their experiences. She has also made a paper where the respondents can write the actual thing that they have experienced without any hesitation. The researcher has assured them about preserving the hidden information. 3.7 Data processing and analysis Data analysis is a process through which researcher could find the differences of between the respondents and their experience. The researcher

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can also detect the actual causes behind her research problem by analyzing the data. In a qualitative method we can analyze data using various types of software such as SPSS, Excel, Fox Program etc. a. We can analyze data to compare with the literature review b. To determine coded information c. To determine the key problems of the topic and to find out a relevant solution. 3.8 Reliability and Validity The research paper constructed by the researcher is reliable and to make it reliable she has applied in depth interview process and semi-structured questionnaire. She has recorded the interviews of respondents so that all valuable information could be coded. The researcher has also represented the actual information of case study only changing the name of respondents. 3.9 Limitations of the study The researcher had to face so many difficulties while collecting data for the research topic. She had to distribute questionnaire among the respondents and had to fix time to take their interviews. As a student of B.sc course it was really hard to match time of interviews with the respondents. Moreover, the respondents were too lazy to fill-up the questionnaire properly. The researcher had to force them to fill-up the questionnaire properly. As a female researcher, it was difficult to make a comfortable environment with respondents. Most of the time they were very much unwilling to give an in depth interview to the researcher. The researcher couldnt collect much information about the respondents due to hortal and other similar hindrances. Moreover, social barrier limits the scope of research. 3.11 Ethical issues As a researcher social rights of the respondents has been preserved by the researcher. The researcher didnt force anyone to do any illegal activities and didnt break any rules of the state. All the respondents are known that their information will be used for research paper.

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Chapter 4

Findings The researcher has fin out many unrevealed information through the research work. The findings of research work is similar to the literature review. The researcher will discuss about the findings gradually and through the research the researcher has also find out the answers of research questions also. 4.1 Profile of the subjects The age of the respondents of the research is between 1830. They are residing at different localities of Dhaka city. Most of them are student and few are employee. The few information noted of the respondents are given below: Name Ag Home e district 22 narayang anj 21 Faridpur 20 Faridpur 22 comilla 23 noakhali 26 rangpur 22 kurigram Educatio Marita nal l status status Student unmar ried student unmar ried student unmar ried student unmar ried gratuate unmar d ried graduat unmar ed ried graduat unmar ed ried Employm ent status Student student student student Govt empolyee unemploy ed unemploy ed Economi c status Middle Lower Middle middle upper middle Lower middle upper

Pronoy Sourav Debashi sh Shimul Tito Sabbir Ataur

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Table: Socio-economic condition of participants

4.2 Motivating factors to involve in criminal activities Motivating factors Jealousy Ego problem Financial problem Anger Rejection in love Motivated by others Environment 4.3 The role of depression The main motivating factor behind associating a crime is depression. A young can easily be depressed by his environment and others. In most cases, it is found that the main reason behind depression is rejection in love. For a young boy it is the most motivating factor. Another cause of depression is financial crisis. Most of the family depends on their male children and thats why they feel extra pressure on them. Moreover, if they failed to do well in their academic career, then the parents become furious to them and insult them. Crimes are associated by depression such as rape, murder and some unorganized crime. Sometimes they become addicted to alcohol and thus they do crime to manage extra money to purchase drugs. Sometimes the environment has a bad impact on a young boys mind. Sometimes jealousy becomes another reason of depression. Boys also become depressed for poor academic career. Percentage of people influenced 20% 90% 5% 45% 80% 7% 75%

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4.4 Role of Environment In a humans life we cannot deny the role of environment. This environment plays a great role for the deviant behavior of a child. From the childhood upto his adult age, environment teach him so many things. Sometimes, boys are influenced by his neighbor and sometimes parents cant give their children adequate time. So, they feel lonely and cant understand that what to do. For this reason they make friendship with bad company. Sometimes boys do friendship with seniors known as Vai. Sometimes they are influenced by these so called Vai and do serious crime. 4.5 Crime associated by rejection in love The rate of crime is increasing day by day for this factor. This is really a high yielding problem and there is no solution at this stage. Boys are not free with their parents and thus when they get rejected in love they couldnt share this with their parents. Parents are also not flexible in this matter. If they could be known about this type sensitive matter, they become furious rather than consoling their adolescent. Thats why boys cant share their problems and take an impractical decision. This also hampers their study and they in a critical situation. 4.6 Crime associated for unemployment Unemployment is a great problem of our country. It is true that due to over population , it is natural being unemployed after doing graduation with a good result. But the parents and society dont consider the situation. They only want success and parents and society insult them. Moreover, boys are often rejected by their partner for being unemployed. This creates a tendency of doing illegal things to earn money which has a very negative impact on our society.

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4.7 Measures should be taken to reduce the tendency of doing criminal activities There are many types of law enforcing agencies to control this social problem. Young boys having good educational background are doing crime because of some motivating factors which can be controlled by his family and friends. Actually, most of them are not professional and start doing crime violating social rules. If this continues, they do crime in a greater context. The criminal activities can be controlled by creating a lovable environment. Parents and teachers should understand their problems. They should come forward to make a friendly environment and give consolation when they being dishearten. They should not scold them and teach them what is right and what is wrong. They should encourage for greater to do and praise them for their good deeds. In this way, we can reduce the rate in some extent. 4.8 Role of religion to reduce the problem Todays young generation specially boys are very much unwilling to obey the rules of their respective religion. They should be motivated to show respect to their own values constructed by their religion. By doing so, they will be aware about wrong things and its consequences. By the help of moral justifications and values of own culture, they will be able to overcome any type of mental disorder.

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Chapter 5 Discussion It is really important to focus on the objectives of the research and research questions. It is impossible to measure the deepness of the topic by doing research on a few respondents. Hence, by analyzing the data, the researcher had tried to reveal the actual cause behind the tendency of doing criminal activities among young boys.