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Priscilia Anggraini Marsaulina Belakang https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:1EmHHw0eH1IJ:www.bio1004.org/board/lib/down.php?boardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no %3D97%26num%3D2+carbons+from+carbohydrate+enter+the+citric+acid+cycle+in+the+form+of&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiNxHN5P973O TWfr2eA6HzzfMASXImwjGg4c2g2b4dhjLrO203sLm3h_xvc6tVQPigpf-z9yokKQcQD84pUdq4TzO3as_girYmBtMDSj4O76ZmfV-GHIbQUPoM0d3bD0wBmy7s&sig=AHIEtbTrjS3j3EHoMWSPn4zQRcmS9NuLrw
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani 22. How is glycolysis maintained under anaerobic conditions? Ans Pyruvate can be reduced to either lactate or ethanol, and this reaction is accompanied by : the oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+. Section: 16.1
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:fG_0BhbgqUcJ:www.bio1004.org/board/lib/down.php%3Fboardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no%3D97% 26num%3D1+&hl=id&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShw1mfmCzqSxgdvG0U_eB6Zgf_LzndOLUsahoJFFaTBB51dzG6M82_mNNHPodbcZJCVx6uscZ MKELLJdarBrAjD1uIyWcF0MwSb84C3mA7q558J-SkJDoR7ZH3tqKNgNNJjBqZ9&sig=AHIEtbQxytnLxkUxWY5qRvG91O2-clWzEg
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani 23. Phosphofructokinase is inhibited by citrate, which is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Thus, if citrate levels are high, the enzyme is inhibited, and fewer glucose molecules are metabolized. In this sense, citrate serves as a cell indicator. High levels of citrate in the cytoplasm means that biosynthetic precursors are abundant, and so there is no need to degrade additional glucose for this purpose.https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:fG_0BhbgqUcJ:www.bio1004.org/board/lib/down.php%3Fboardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no %3D97%26num%3D1+&hl=id&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShw1mfmCzqSxgdvG0U_eB6Zgf_LzndOLUsahoJFFaTBB51dzG6M82_mNNHPodbcZJC Vx6uscZMKELLJdarBrAjD1uIyWcF0MwSb84C3mA7q558J-SkJDoR7ZH3tqKNgNNJjBqZ9&sig=AHIEtbQxytnLxkUxWY5qRvG91O2-clWzEg
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi "18 jawabannya 6 http://teaching.ust.hk/~ceng365/files/web_resources/BICH112/PDF/08Glucon.pdf slide 15 "
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Nurfidini Azmi 12 Which of the following are reasons that glucose is a common metabolic fuel used by living organisms? A) It has a stable ring structure and is unlikely to glycosylate proteins. It has been found as one of the monosaccharides formed under prebiotic conditions. C) It is the only sugar used by the brain. D) a and b E) a, b, and c Ans: D Section: Introduction
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani
24. Phosphofructokinase catalyzes the first committed step in the glycolytic pathway. At this : point, the molecule is committed to entering the glycolytic path. In contrast, production of G6P is the first step in many different paths. Thus, glycolytic control would not be maintained by tight regulation of hexokinase. (link nya masih sama ky yg di atas)
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Hikmah Waty 34. The total oxidation of one pyruvate by pyruvate dehydrogenase and the citric acid cycle produces 4 NADH, 1 FADH2 and one GTP. 2.5 ATP are produced when two electrons are transferred from NADH to oxygen by the electron transport chain. 1.5 ATP are produced when two electrons are transferred from FADH2 to oxygen by the electron transport chain. Energetically, a GTP is equal to an ATP. So a total of 12.5 ATP equivalents are produced. (4 2.5 + 1.5 + 1 = 12.5)
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani 25. There are three irreversible steps in glycolysis, which require four different steps in : gluconeogenesis: pyruvate conversion to phosphoenolpyruvate via an oxaloacetate intermediate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate hydrolysis, and the hydrolysis of glucose 6phosphate. (link nya masih sama)
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Hikmah Waty 31. CENDENSATION
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Floriza Michelia 9 https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:fG_0BhbgqUcJ:www.bio1004.org/board/lib/down.php%3Fboardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no%3D97 %26num%3D1+&hl=id&gl=id&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShw1mfmCzqSxgdvG0U_eB6Zgf_LzndOLUsahoJFFaTBB51dzG6M82_mNNHPodbcZJCV x6uscZMKELLJdarBrAjD1uIyWcF0MwSb84C3mA7q558J-SkJDoR7ZH3tqKNgNNJjBqZ9&sig=AHIEtbQxytnLxkUxWY5qRvG91O2-clWzEg
docs.google.com
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Floriza Michelia 13 http://flashcarddb.com/cardset/247951-2012-biochem-exam-3-1-flashcards
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi 19 Glucokinase must be responsive to elevated blood-glucose concentrations, thus it should have a higher Km. This lower binding affinity allows this enzyme to become more active at high glucose concentrations, which saturate hexokinase. Hexokinase serves to phosphorylate glucose (and other hexoses) in the cytosol, and has higher affinity for glucose, or a lower Km value. https://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CDAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bio1004.org% 2Fboard%2Flib%2Fdown.php%3Fboardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no%3D97%26num%3D1&ei=H2ZuUdCiHMXPrQfOIHoBw&usg=AFQjCNHLMZTqAOSrXB0Y9oh19LjarO8JEw&sig2=1oFAH9FMMAtkehjYxa8myA&bvm=bv.45368065,d.bmk
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Nurfidini Azmi 14. What two 3-carbon molecules are generated by the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate? A) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate C) pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate D) enolase and 2-phosphoglycerate E) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate Ans: B Section: 16.1
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Nurfidini Azmi 16. C) lactate and alanine.
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi 20. Glucose-6-phosphate is isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate, converting an aldose to a ketose, which then allows phosphorylation at the number 1 carbon. Later in the pathway, dihydroxyacetone-phosphate is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, utilizing both of the molecules formed from fructose-1,6-bisphosphate cleavage. link sama kaya nomer 19
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi 21. The enol phosphate possesses very high potential for phosphoryl transfer, which is due to the driving force of the tautamerization of the enol to the more stable ketone.
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Nurfidini Azmi 17 transcriptional control reversible phosphorylation allosteric control
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani 33. https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:_09HRm8QAhEJ:www2.fiu.edu/~bch3033/probsolns/solutionsch16.pdf+&hl=id&pid=bl&srcid= ADGEESjqmtFYyelI9hgrA9m1X2XBzUfnT_VTi39UMyxjG3rSWmxnOuZFdaF86lIvkYSJRX0ekKfbMPGy_Ly445P6RcclRMdAceCnesOMvLh_P gY_8ijRgyikn161u5_XO5fetL2Qv_IK&sig=AHIEtbQgarWncFm_5PafMziUKtki192OYw 4CO2
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani 33. https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:_09HRm8QAhEJ:www2.fiu.edu/~bch3033/probsolns/solutionsch16.pdf+&hl=id&pid=bl&srcid= ADGEESjqmtFYyelI9hgrA9m1X2XBzUfnT_VTi39UMyxjG3rSWmxnOuZFdaF86lIvkYSJRX0ekKfbMPGy_Ly445P6RcclRMdAceCnesOMvLh_P gY_8ijRgyikn161u5_XO5fetL2Qv_IK&sig=AHIEtbQgarWncFm_5PafMziUKtki192OYw
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi 35. The oxidation of isocitrate produces oxalosuccinate. The decarboxylation of oxalosuccinate produces CO2 gas, which essentially eliminates the reverse reaction. The conversion of malate to oxaloacetate does not produce CO2 and is endergonic. In contrast, the loss of CO2 makes the conversion of isocitrate to -ketoglutarate very favorable. https://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CCsQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bio1004.org%2 Fboard%2Flib%2Fdown.php%3Fboardid%3Dboard_lecture%26no%3D97%26num%3D2&ei=rGduUcXDK8SkrQe73YGQDg&usg=AFQjCNFmrS LXdlrrz9O9ZgmMw7GKjQ0Yzw&sig2=y-rvzoOtSpPoVhjXICXDSQ&bvm=bv.45368065,d.bmk
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Hikmah Waty 32. 10 30. asetil ko a
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Priscilia Anggraini Marsaulina https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:4KYX7cK_oaEJ:biochemistry.wur.nl/MenB/Hoofdstuk15.doc+metabolic+pathways+that+requireben ergy+and+are+often+biosynthetic+process&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESj1ZrVuUwEXDHvnh0OV6AMRnJiT4nr6Y6w_iJkAVUGUvnz47lVQe QtD8e1SaWarp1GK9F27wnXdcpxaIgzXFnL_8dMMrZklZ1RBuxBlk276Pz_Pa9CpfHsmCKbDwiDi_iLEAts&sig=AHIEtbQYtVZmZqkQT2wcNhSot9wyPsHHEg
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Lala Latifah Wiyandi 6. The free-energy changes of the individual steps in a pathway are summed to determine the overall free-energy change. Thus, a step that might not normally occur can be driven if it is coupled to a thermodynamically stable reaction. https://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CC4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bioen.boun.ed u.tr%2Ffiles%2Fcoursematerial%2FBIO302exams%2FBIO302_Midterm1_2007.doc&ei=aWtuUb7aKY3zrQfCmYDwBw&usg=AFQjCNG0RA8B E9rsxCedKjWKkNNO4gLuTQ&sig2=oFydNTi7gOdNfqpHtFXQiQ&bvm=bv.45368065,d.bmk
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Maharani Destha Happyda Kusumawardhani http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-935624