Number of people in household 0 ...aged 0-5 yrs 2 ...aged 6-13 yrs 2 ...aged 14-64 yrs 0 ...

aged 65- yrs 4 Total household members Other home characteristics (TRUE or FALSE) TRUE Clothes washer present in home? FALSE Is clothes washer Energy Star? FALSE Dishwasher present in home? Is dishwasher Energy Star? FALSE Adult at home during day? TRUE Residents pay hot water energy bill? FALSE Multifamily residence with only seniors? Fuel Prices 70 Natural Gas (cents/therm) 8.0 Electricity (cents/kWh) $1.00 Propane ($/gallon) $2.50 Demand control credit (electric) ($/month) Temperatures (F) 130 Water heater thermostat setpoint 55 Cold water inlet temperature 60 Air temperature around water heater 45 Average annual outdoor air temperature Life-cycle Parameters 3% Discount rate 15 Life of water heater (years)

Water Heater Inputs Fuel (electric, gas, or propane) Tank size Power vented? Recovery efficiency (GAMA) Energy Factor (GAMA) Input rating (GAMA) Demand control credit?

Results Daily hot water use Annual fuel use Annual operating cost Life-cycle operating cost* Difference (A minus B) in ...annual operating cost life-cycle operating cost*
*discounted to the present

Based on Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory analytical model. See: http://homeenergysaver.lbl.gov/hes/aboutwhm.html

Spreadsheet developed by Scott Pigg, Energy Center of W December, 2003. (Page down for additional information.)

Notes This spreadsheet is intended to provide an estimate of water heater operating costs and allow comparison of operating c water heaters. The spreadsheet calculates estimated daily hot water use and water heater energy consumption based o heater characteristics. Life-cycle operating costs are based upon user-entered lifetime (up to 30 years) and discount rate escalation rates from the April 2003 Supplement to NIST Handbook 135.

The spreadsheet is based on a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory analytical model (Lutz et al., 1996), which was in Electric Power Research Institute model developed from a 1985 study of homes with electric water heaters. The followin additions to the original LBL model are implemented: 1. Provision for reduced hot water consumption from Energy Star dishwasher or clothes washer (50 percent reduced hot water consumption for appliances designated as Energy Star). 2. Inclusion of electricity costs for fuel-fired water heaters with power venting (100 Watts power consumption assumed).

2. Inclusion of electricity costs for fuel-fired water heaters with power venting (100 Watts power consumption assumed). 3. Provision for a monthly utility bill credit for electric water heaters with utility direct load control.

References Lutz, James D, Xiaomin Liu, James E. McMahon, Camilla Dunham, Leslie J. Shown, and Quandra T. McGrue, Modeling Use in Households, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBL-37805 Rev., November, 1996.

Water Heater A electric 40 gallons FALSE 100% % 0.92 4.5 kWh FALSE

Water Heater B gas 40 gallons TRUE 76% % 0.62 40 MBTUh FALSE

50.8 3,834 $307 $3,543

gallons/day kWh

50.8 199 $143 $1,703

gallons/day therms

$164 $1,840

Berkeley National Laboratory

Key Input cells Results cells

ver.lbl.gov/hes/aboutwhm.html

ped by Scott Pigg, Energy Center of Wisconsin, Page down for additional information.)

s and allow comparison of operating costs between two er heater energy consumption based on household and water time (up to 30 years) and discount rate, and incorporate fuel

model (Lutz et al., 1996), which was in turn based on an th electric water heaters. The following modifications and

othes washer

Watts power consumption assumed).

Watts power consumption assumed). load control.

n, and Quandra T. McGrue, Modeling Patterns of H ot Water ovember, 1996.