GCRG MEMORIAL TRUST GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, LUCKNOW

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Measurement & Metrology Assignment Sheet No.- 02 Define the word Transducer. What do you understand by active and passive transducers? Explain the utility of transduces in measurement. Give examples and explain their relative merits and demerits. Discuss the role of the sensors in measuring instruments. Why signal processing is required during the measurements. Differentiate:i. Instrumental error and environmental error ii. Observational and Operational error iii. Interfering and Modifying inputs iv. Chaotic and observational errors v. Airy points and Minimum deflection points Working principle of BELLOWS PRESSURE GAUGE. (Sketch is must). Why temperature compensation in strain gauges are required? How it is accounted? Why calibration is required for resistance strain gauges? State the advantage of unbounded wire strain gauge? Write the characteristics of line standard and end standards. Distinguish between line measurements and end measurements. Explain with neat sketch the working of the sprit level for angular measurement. Explain the vernier principle for linear measurement. Discuss the construction and working of the Talysurf roughness tester. Explain in brief, the interference method for evaluation of surface texture. How accuracy of interference method can be increased? Explain Straightness measurement method by autocollimator. Explain primary, secondary and tertiary measurements. Explain the Desired, Modifying and Interfering inputs for an instrumentation system. Explain:i. Repeatability ii. Sensitivity iii. Range iv. Accuracy v. Precision vi. Drift vii. Linearity viii. Reproducibility ix. Tolerance x. Hysteresis

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Threshold &Resolution

Discuss the dynamic performance characteristics of the first order instrument in case of ramp input. Discuss Data transmission and signal conditioning. Describe the functioning of the Stroboscope and explain How the speed of the rotating shaft can be measured using a single pattern and multi- pattern disc? Discuss the construction and working of L.V.D.T. in detail with neat sketches. Discuss the working principle of McLeod Gauge with neat sketch, what are its advantages and limitations? Describe with neat sketch the working of an optical pyrometer. Describe with neat sketch the working of bimetallic thermometer. Explain the construction and working of hydraulic and pneumatic load cells. Discuss the Taylors principle of Gauge Design and give applications of Slip gauges and Universal surface gauge. What are interferometers? Discuss the working Michalson Interferometer. Explain essential features of Johansson Mikrokator with the help of neat sketch. What do you mean by straightness? Describe any one method of measuring straightness of a surface. Discuss different elements of surface texture with the help of neat sketch. What is a profile projector? Explain the working with neat sketch. Name important elements of thread which are required to be measured in order to determine the accuracy of screw threads. Also list the instruments apparatus required for measuring these elements. Explain why Sine Bar is not preferred for angles greater than 45 0 . How can it be used for angles greater than 450. Describe some sources of errors in precision measurement. ( Hint:i. The Alignment principle ii. Location of the measured part iii. Temperature iv. Parallex) What are DTIs? Explain working of PLUNGER TYPE DTI, giving detailed diagrams. Show the various terms used in surface texture with sketch. Enumerate various methods of measuring surface finish. Explain the following methods of measuring flatness:i. The level method ii. The wedge method iii. The autocollimator method What are OPTICAL FLATS? Explain how you will measure with help of them.