12, 15, 16. 0. 18, 20. 21 2. 23, 24, 25, 26. 2. Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering The theory of linear induction mac ‘hinery (1980) Michel Poloujadoft Energy methods in electromagnetism (1981) P. Hammond Superconducting rotating electrical machine (1983) J. R. Bumby Stepping motors and their microprocessor controls (1984) T. Kenjo Machinery noise measurement (1985) S. 1. Yang and A.J, Ellison Permanent-magnet and brushless d.c. motors (1985) T. Kenjo and S. Nagamori Metal-semiconductor contacts. Second edition (1988) E. H. Rhoderick and RH. Williams Introduction to power electronics (1988) Eiichi Ohno Brushless permanent-magnet and reluctance motor drives (1989) TJ. E. Miller Vector control of a.c. machines (1990) Peter Vas Brushless servomotors: fundamentals and applications (1990) Y. Dote and S. Kinoshita Semiconductor devices, circuits, and systems (1991) Albrecht Méschuwitzcr Electrical machines and drives: a space-vector theory approach (1992) Peter Vas Spiral vector theory of ac. circuits and machines (1992) Sakae Yamamura Parameter estimation, condition monitoring, and diagnosis of electrical ‘machines (1993) Peter Vas Parameter Estimation, Condition Monitoring, and Diagnosis of Electrical Machines Peter Vas Professor in Electrical Engineering Department of Engineering University of Aberdeen CLARENDON PRESS - OXFORD 1993Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX? 6DP Oxford New York Toronto Dethi Bombay Cala Madras Karachi Kuala Lumpur Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo ‘Narobi Dare Salaam Cape Town. Melbourne Auckland Madrid ‘and associated companies in ‘Berlin Ibadan Oxford isa wade mark of Oxford University Press Published i the United States ‘by Oxford University Press Inc, New York (© Pater Vas, 1998 Ai gs rested No prt of this ableton maybe rece seed al mr am yo me Within the UK, exceptions ae allowed pet of any ft del arose of earch o rate stad. o cam mee, sed ander the Copyright Designs and Patents ate 98K or the ee of ‘eproaraphic reproduction i accordance withthe tems ofthe hee sued by the Copright Licensing Ageney. Engrs comering reproduction outside these terms ard nother coutries tod he Sent 0 the Righs Deparment, Oxford Unies Proce, a the adress above A catalogue record fr this book is arilable fom the British Library inary Cnres Casing Pabicon Data , Yas Pate ance xian cnn mnering nd agnosis Sicricl machines Peter Vag es (Stongraph cecal and elec earn 27) Ince biographies oa ode 1 lorem tray" Ee tng ie He Sees rea 88 ae S420 9245 ASBN 0-19-859375.9 ie Typeset by Iga Typeset, Gre ¥ Printed in Great Britain by = Booker Lt donor Noten, Aon Preface This book is the third in a series by the author. The first volume, Vector control of AC machines (Oxford University Press, 1990), discusses in detail the various forms of vector control techniques (rotor-oriented, rotor-fux- oriented, stator-flux-oriented and_magnetizing-flux-oriented control) em- ployed for smooth-air-gap and salient-pole machines. For this purpose, a unified treatment which relies on space-vector (space-phasor) theory is employed and the effects of magnetic saturation are also discussed. The book also presents various practical implementations of decoupling circuits, and the effects of non-ideal drives in addition to covering other important topics, including rotor speed and rotor resistance identification techniques. Vector control has become a powerful and frequently adopted technique in recent years, The need for this first book arose due to the industrial importance of vector-controlled drives and also due to the absence of any book offering @ unified treatment of this subject. On the basis of the material found in that book, which was the first, and so far the only book to be totally devoted to vector-controlled drives, the author was awarded the prestigious George Montefiore international prize. |At the time of publishing the first volume, academic and industrial requirement had arisen for further books dealing with other aspects of space-vector theory. The second volume in the series by the author, Electrical ‘machines and drives: a space vector theory approach (Oxford University Press, 1992), discusses in great detail the operation and analysis of different types of electrical machines and variable-speed drives, and again space-vector theory is much utilized. The space-vector models of slip-ring, single-cage, and double-cage induction machines are also presented together with the space vector models of smooth-air-gap and salient-pole synchronous machines. In this book, the relationship of space-vector theory to the matrix theory of generalized machine theory is also examined. However, all the machine models, which are conventionally obtained by the application of matrix transformations, ate obtained without using matrix transformations, by the direct application of space-vector theory. Furthermore, various three-phase commutator models are derived, and the a priori derivation of all the transformations used in the conventional matrix theory of electrical machines is presented, The deduction Cinvention’) of various types of electrical machines is also discussed. In the second book both the large-signal and small-signal models of various machines and drive systems are given, and in many places the equations are arranged into forms that can be directly used for digital simulation. Despite the fact that the first two books in the series cover a large partvi PREFACE of the theory and applications of electrical machines and drives, again a genuine need has arisen for this third book. It is important to know the Parameters of electrical machines which are used in the models shown in the first two books of the series. Thus, the author has decided to present conventional and modern methods for the identification of these parameters in this volume. In addition to the need to be able to determine the parameters of electrical machines, there is also a need to be able to monitor other signals (for example, the electromagnetic torque, rotor speed, stator, rotor, and magnetizing flux linkages, et), since these signals can also be used in various control circuits of certain drives, or for condition monitoring and diagnosis ot laboratory measurements, In this book, a unified and in-depth physical and mathematical analysis of the various parameter estimation techniques and condition monitoring and diagnostic methods of electrical machines is described. Wherever Possible, the space-vector technique is applied. This book also includes Sections on on-line and off-line parameter estimation of smooth-air-gap and salient-pole machines, on-line harmonic estimators, on-line electromagnetic torque monitors (which can, for example, be applied to detect rotor asymmetries), on-line rotor speed and rotor angle monitors, application of observers and Kalman filters, ete. Furthermore, vibroacoustic techniques, the effects of various types of asymmetries, the application of artificial neural networks, and the symptoms and possible causes of failures of electrical machines are also discussed. Like the other two books in the series, this book is self-contained, and includes a summary of space-vector theory. While a knowledge of space- vector theory is not assumed, for the convenience of those who have this knowledge, and to help further studies, reference is sometimes made to the {wo other volumes in the series. tis hoped that students and academics, and those working in industry, who require a good introduction and u deep understanding of various aspects of electrical machines and drives, will benefit greatly from the three books and will encourage the further use of space-vector theory. Aberdeen py August 1991 Acknowledgements ‘The author wishes to acknowledge the continuous support and help of a former colleague, Dr J. E. Brown, starting from the time the author was at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Acknowledgements are also due to Ferranti, NEI Electronics, and ASEA BROWN BOVERI for their support during various stages of the research work performed by the author, to Professor R. Ueda for his help, and to Professor K. Ohnis! Professor P. J. Lawrenson, and Professor J. Robert for their earlier help. The author wishes to emphasize that many engineers have contributed to this book through their valuable publications, which are referenced throughout, Finally, the author wishes to thank the staff of Oxford Univer sity Press for their effective cooperation. Suggestions for future improvement of the book will be gratefully received by the author.