Management is the art of getting things done by a group of people with the effective utilization of available resources.

DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT 1 According to Terry, Management is not people; it is an activity like walking, reading, swimming or running. People who perform management can be designated as managers, members of management or executive leaders. 2 3 4 5 6 Ralph C. Davis has defined Management as, Management is the function of executive leadership anywhere. Louis Allan, Management is what a manager does. Henry Fayol, To manage is to forecast and plan, to organise, to compound, to coordinate and to control. Harold Koontz says, Management is the art of getting things done through and with in formally organized group. William Spriegal, Management is that function of an enterprise which concerns itself with direction and control of the various activities to attain business objectives. Management is essentially an executive function; it deals with the active direction of the human effort. 7 Ross Moore states, Management means decision-making.

1 1st SEM, PM:

Prof. Bhavesh Pandya 9429668811

Stanley Vance, In essence, management is simply the process of decision making and control over the action of human beings for the express purpose of attaining pre-determined goals.

Donald J. Clough, Management is the art and science of decision making and leadership.

10 Joseph L. Massie, Management is the process by which a co-operative group directs actions towards common goals. 11 Elmore Peterson and E.G. Plowman, Management is a technique by means of which the purposes and objectives of a particular human group are determined, clarified and effectuated. 12 E.F.L. Brech, Management is concerned with seeing that the job gets done, its tasks all centre on planning and guiding the operations that are going on in the enterprise. 13 Mary Cushing Niles, Good management or scientific management, achieves a social objective with the best use of human and material energy and time and with satisfaction for the participants and the public. 14 S. George, Management consists of getting things done through others. Manager is one who accomplishes the objectives by directing the efforts of others. 15 James D. Mooney and Alan C. Reiley, Management is the art of directing and inspiring people. 16 F.W. Taylor, Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way. 17 Lawrence A. Appley, Management is the art of getting things done through the efforts of other people. It concerns itself with guiding human and physical resources into a dynamic, hard-

hitting organisation unit that attains its

objectives to the

satisfaction of those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of attainment on the part of those rendering the services. 18 R.M. Currie, The organisation and control of human activity are directed towards specific ends. 19 John F. Mee, Management is the art of securing maximum results with a minimum of efforts so as to secure maximum prosperity for the employer and employee and give the public the best possible service. 20 The American Management Association, The art of getting things done through other people. 21 Knootz and ODonnell, Management is the creation and maintenance of an internal environment in an enterprise where individuals, working in groups, can perform efficiently and effectively towards the attainment of group goals. It is the art of getting the work done through and with people in formally organized groups. 22 Dr. James Lundy, Management is principally a task of planning, co-ordinating, motivating and controlling the efforts of others towards a specific objective. It involves the combining of the traditional factors of production (land, labour and capital) in an optimum manner, paying due attention, of course, to the particular goals of the organisation. 23 Wheeler, Management is centred in the administrators or managers of the firm who integrate men, material and money into an effective operating limit. 24 J.N. Schulze, Management is the force which leads, guides and directs an organisation in the accomplishment of a pre-

determined object. 25 Oliver Scheldon, Management proper is the function in industry concerned in the execution of policy, within the limits set up by the administration and the employment of the organisation for the particular objectives set before it. 26 Keith and Gubellini, Management is the force that integrates men and physical plant into an effective operating unit. 27 G.E. Milward, Management is the process and the agency through which the execution of policy is planned and supervised.