Energy Storage for Island Systems - Maldives

Energy Storage Technologies and Applications 4 April 2013

Context for RE
CARBON EMISSIONS By 2020 Ambitious emission reduction targets for the energy sector ENERGY SECURITY 2012 Limited indigenous sources 100% electricity through imported fuels About 25% of GDP on fuel imports

COST OF ELECTRICITY 2012 0.3 0.7 USD/kWh Subsidies of 50% for some categories

ADBs ongoing energy sector interventions

Technical Support to the Maldives Energy Authority
Support preparation of technical codes and standards Develop tariff regulations Renewable Energy and Energy efficiency related support Training and capacity building

Smart Grid in South Asia - Regional CDTA

Review of selected island systems - Planning criteria, O&M Capacity building linked to E8 demonstration project on Dhiffushi

Preparing the Outer Islands for Sustainable Energy Development (POISED)

SREP Investment Plan Proposed PPTA and program commencing in 2013 (initially 40 outer islands)

Scaling Up Renewable Energy Initiative

Maldives is one of the 6 original pilot countries chosen for the SREP Program under the Climate Investment Funds
Criteria for access to funds
Transformational impact Expected leverage from MDBs, private sector, other financiers

Approx. 30 million USD of SREP grants for the Maldives over 2013-2017
Greater Male region The Outer Islands

Outer Island program is about 60 million USD

Grid infrastructure upgrades to allow plug and play RE Private investment based on feed in tariffs + risk mitigation instruments Technical assistance to design and implement the program

Island power systems

POISED target Islands
Very small islands
Population about 500 Electricity <250 MWh/year

Small islands
Population about 1100 Electricity 250 1000 MWh/year

Medium islands
Population about 2500 Electricity 1000-3000 MWh/year

Large islands
Population about 5500 Electricity >3000 MWh/year
Representative study of about 50% of the inhabited islands

ADB Program Outer Islands

Component 1 Upgrade about 30 outer island systems to reduce specific diesel consumption (energy efficiency + renewable energy)

Component 2 - Conversion of 10 small outer islands to high penetration RE powered islands

Component 3 - Implementation support including facilitating private sector investment, productive usage of electricity, operational management

Public Utility

Households

Inefficient Diesel Gen.

Commercial Bldg. School Public Bldg.

EXISTING CONFIGURATION

Public Utility
Public sector Efficient RE compatible financing diesel generators including GOM, MDB Grid Upgrades Integrated power system monitoring & control

Private Sector

Battery Storage

Debt financing (guarantees) + Equity financing RE Power Gen. OTHER REQUIREMENTS Identify suitable locations Site preparatory activities Bundling of islands for critical mass Bid process support Contractual arrangements

A POSSIBLE CONFIGURATION

Discussion Points
1 Relevant storage technology for islands over a kW-MW range, nature of use 2 Innovative business models and role of the existing public utility and the private sector 3 Policy, institutional and other changes to scale up to a larger set of islands

Thank You
Len George Energy Specialist South Asia Department lgeorge@adb.org