GALVANNEALED ZINC- IRON ALLOY COATED STEELS

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Galvanneal is a carbon steel product coated in a mixture of iron and zinc. This steel product is most famously used in the manufacture of cars, automobile, appliance and many others like steel doors, cable trays, material handling equipments and pan, electrical panel and boxes, inverter boxes , press brake and roll forming applications, i.e., including stud, track and metal framing, deck and roof components, and panels etc including in construction of structures and ships. This product has excellent printability ,good formability, high strength , lower cost compared to Electrogalvanized , completely supplanted Bonderized (phosphatized). Galvannealed (like hot-dipped Galvanized sheet) is typically produced in accordance with various steel standards and tolerances. The term galvanneal is a portmanteau of galvanized and anneal. Annealing is a process in which metal is subjected to a heat treatment to force it to develop specific desired properties. Galvanization is a process in which metal is coated in a material which will help it resist corrosion. Zinc is classically used for galvanization. The blend of these two processes is designed to give galvannealed steel some unique and very desirable properties which make it ideally suited to an array of applications. In galvanneal, the steel is first dipped in a hot bath of zinc, as is done when materials are galvanized. Then, it is subjected to a secondary process in which iron is annealed with the zinc coating to create an iron-zinc blend on the surface of the metal. The galvanneal coating is a dull gray in color, unlike the distinctive spangled coating seen on metals galvanized with just zinc. The coating should also stay firmly adhered to the metal for its lifetime, thanks to the heat treatment process. Galvanneal comes in a variety of thicknesses. The dull gray surface of galvanneal is very easy to paint, chrome , powder coat , zinc chrome coat etc. The metal will also resist corrosion. Over time, however, corrosion can develop. Damage to the surface of the coating can expose the underlying steel, allowing rust to set in. Some causes of damage include highly corrosive chemicals, gouges, and collisions. A hot-dip galvannealed coating differs from a hot-dip galvanized coating. Both products are, as stated, made by the hot-dip coating process. The main difference in the production process is that, to make a galvannealed coating, the strip is further heated by passing it through a furnace directly above the coating bath. By heating to approximately 1000 to 1050 F(538 to 565 C) and holding the strip at this temperature for a specific amount of time, the zinc coating alloys with iron by diffusion between the molten zinc and iron from the steel strip. The result is that the final product has a coating that is an alloy of approximately 90% zinc and 10% iron. The final iron concentration depends on the heating cycle since the total amount of diffusion is a function of the time/temperature cycle.

Base Steels Used in Galvanneald Sheet Products

Introduction Zinc and zinc alloy-coated sheet is produced using many different types and grades of steel. This Is brief description of these steels and the basic metallurgy involved in their production and application. Steel Substrates for Galvanizing Steels for continuous galvanizing can be categorized into the following major groups (most of the terminology is as defined in the ASTM product specifications described :Commercial Steel (CS) carbon levels range between 0.04% and 0.10%, and manganese from 0.2% to 0.6%, depending on the product being made. The substrate is cold rolled anywhere from 50 to 80% reduction prior to it being processing through a galvanize line. Forming Steel (FS) carbon levels between 0.04-0.08%, and manganese at about 0.25%. This steel is cold reduced between 60 to 80% and is used to produce a slightly softer product than CS in order to give improved formability. Structural Steel (SS) carbon levels range between 0.04% and 0.20%, and manganese from 0.4% to 1.6%, depending on the product being made. The sheet is cold rolled anywhere from 50 to 70% reduction. SS grades must meet minimum mechanical property requirements and have yield strengths between 33 and 80 ksi [230 and 550 MPa]. Deep Drawing Steel (DDS) & Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) generally made from ultra-low carbon (10-15 ppm) stabilized steels, although some DDS is made using extra low carbon (0.0150.020%) steel. EDDS, and some DDS, is designed to be fully stabilized (non-ageing) after in-line annealing and coating. To maximize annealing response, cold reduction is generally 75% minimum. Solution Hardened Steel (SHS) & Bake Hardenable Steel (BHS) ultra-low to low carbon (0.12% max) steel that has yield strengths from 26 to 44 ksi [180 to 300 MPa]. SHS is strengthened using substitutional elements such as M, P, or Si, while BHS relies on strain ageing after forming for strengthening.


High Strength-Low Alloy Steel (HSLAS) typically made from micro-alloyed low carbon steel. The primary microalloying element is niobium (Nb). Cold reduction rarely exceeds 60% due to the high cold rolling loads necessary to reduce the thickness of these steels. They have a yield strengths of 40 to 80 ksi [275 to 550 MPa]. Advanced High Strength-Low Alloy Steel (AHSS) Produced using higher levels of alloying elements and carefully controlled annealing and cooling cycles. Cold reduction rarely exceeds 60% due to high cold rolling loads. The yield strength of these steels is typically between 50 and 80 ksi [340 and 545 MPa].

COATING CHARACTERISTICS
The hot dip coating process assures a tightly adherent, uniform coating of zinc on both sides of the product. The strip passes through an induction furnace after the coating pot to allow the iron from the base metal to further diffuse into the zinc creating a zinc-iron alloy layer. The coating is nominally 8 13% iron. Precise temperature control provides sufficient ductility in the coating to permit normal fabrication practices without incurring significant coating damage or powdering. GA Steel has a dull gray surface with no spangle which provides a good base for painting , chroming , powder coated , zinc chrome coating. For best results, the surface should be carefully cleaned with an alkaline cleaner, however in some cases, cleaning by a solvent may be acceptable. Cleaning should be followed by a pre-treatment prior to painting.

Corrosion Resistance
The zinc coating protects the base metal by providing a barrier to corrosive elements and also by the sacrificial nature of the coating. Ultimate service life depends on coating thickness and the severity of the environment. Galvannealed coatings provide excellent corrosion protection, even in the event of damage (impact, scratches, gravel impingement), due to the electrochemical behavior of the Fe- Zn galvanic couple (sacrificial anode effect). In the event of damage, the presence of iron in the coating gives the Galvannealed corrosion products a reddish tinge, which should not be interpreted as a sign of substrate corrosion.

Galvannealed has a uniform and pure zinc coating,which is why it prevents corrosion better and increase longevity.

Formability
GA Steel can be used to produce parts containing simple bends to parts with deep drawing requirements.


Galvannealed`s superior mechanical properties and controlled compositional strength allows for optimum formability.With Galvannealed`s even thickness,wastage during fabrication is minimal,so that your gains can be maximised.

Paintability
GA Steel is readily paintable ,chromed , powder coated , zinc chrome coated provided proper pre-treatment is performed.

Galvannealed`s perfectly smooth surface,paint holds better and you save more.

Weldability
GA Steel can be joined using a variety of accepted welding practices. Its spot weldability is improved over free zinc coatings. The hardness and melting point of this coating leads to weldability close to that of uncoated sheet, with excellent electrode life values. Example based on ISO standard 18278-2: ArcelorMittal 04 steel Galvannealed 45/45 with 0.7 mm thickness: weldability range from 8.6 to 9.6 kA with electrode life of 1200 spots without adjustments. Adhesive bonding Galvannealed layers have good bonding behavior, adhesion to the coating, adhesion of the coating to the metal and cohesion of the coating. The most important parameters determining bond quality are the type of adhesive, the joining conditions, the nature of the protective oil, and any chemical treatments that may have been performed. Surface treatment Galvannealed products can be phosphated and painted at the user's premises using current processes. The cataphoresis process may have to be adapted to avoid cratering problems caused by the particular micro- texture of this coating.


With Galvannealed`s superior manufacturing processes and standards ensure effortless welding.

Surface Quality
Surface quality complies with standards EN 10327 and EN 10326. The products can be delivered with surface quality A, B or C. Surface quality A: standard surface Imperfections such as small pits, differences in spangle size, dark spots, stripes and light passivation from the chemical treatment are permissible. Surface quality B: improved surface The B quality surface is obtained by skin passing. To a small extent imperfections are permissible, such as stretch levelling breaks, skin pass marks, scratches, indentations, spangle structure, zinc run-off marks and light passivation from chemical treatment. The surface has no pits. Surface quality C: best quality surface The C quality surface is obtained by skin passing. The better side is suitable for the uniform appearance of a high quality paint finish. The other side must at least conform to the characteristics for surface quality B.

Roughness
As a standard, Surface Types B and C are delivered with a medium roughness value ranging between 1.0 and 1.9 m. Determination of the median roughness value Ra is subject to a wavelength limit of 2.5 mm in accordance with EN 10049 (standard measuring length of 12.5 mm). Metallic coated steel - with the exception of galvanised steel with standard surface (MA) - can be obtained in differ grades of roughness. If no roughness is specified, normal is delivered. Description Roughness R a (m) Roughness R a (m) cut off 2.5 mm cut off 0.8 mm normal 0.9 - 1.5 0.75 - 1.25 rough 1.2 - 1.8 1.00 - 1.55

Surface Protection
Hot-dip galvanized steel strip with a zinc/iron coating is normally delivered with an oiled (O) zinc/iron coating , chromium-free passivated (CE) or phosphated (P) form. It can also be chromium-free passivated and oiled (CO) or phosphated and oiled (PO). Depending on the defined micro-topography, difficult forming stresses may make it necessary to increase the oil coating. The products is delivered with surface protection O, C and CO. Oils (O) The material surface can be oiled with preservative oil. Normally steel mills supplies from 0.25 g/m up to 1.6 g/m per side. Chromium-free passivation (C)


This surface treatment temporarily protects the zinc-coated material against white rust during transportation and storage. Chromium-free passivation and oiled (CO) Request this combination of surface treatments if you require extra protection against white rust formation. Untreated (U) Steel Companies does not offer untreated galvanised steel because of the risk of rust formation on unprotected material during storage or shipment.

Surface Appearance
Zinc and zinc alloy coatings can differ in appearance depending on process. Galvanized coating finishes can vary from extra smooth and featureless to a flowery "spangle" pattern. Galvanneal (Zn-Fe) coatings have a matt and smooth grey appearance. Electrogalvanized coatings have the smoothest finish among zinc coatings and provide the best substrate for a high quality paint finish. There are standards covering all aspects of surface appearance coating finishes, surface qualities (from regular to best quality) and surface treatments (chemical passivation, oiling) - all targeted to enhance further processing.

Health Safety
With Galvannealed`s unique lead free composition , safety for both your health and the environment is ensured.

Mechanical Properties of Different Types of Galvannealed zinc- iron alloy coated steel available

Use of Different Types of Galvannealed zinc- iron alloy coated steels

The formability of all steel products is a result of the interaction of many variables. These variables include: the mechanical properties of the steel, the forming system (tooling) used to manufacture parts, and the lubrication used during forming.. Commercial Steel Type B (CS Type B) and Forming Steel Type B (FS Type B) should be used for moderate forming or bending applications. These products are produced from aluminum-killed continuously cast slabs and unless otherwise specified, have a carbon content of 0.02 to 0.15% C and 0.02 to 0.10% C respectively. To prevent the occurrence of fluting or stretcher strains during forming or processing. These products are subject to aging and the temper rolling effect is temporary. For more stringent forming applications, Deep Drawing Steel (DDS), should be ordered. DDS has a controlled carbon content (< 0.06% C) and is produced in such a manner that parts formed from DDS steel should not exhibit stretcher strain. Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) or Extra Deep Drawing Steel Plus (EDDS+) should be ordered for the most demanding forming applications. These steels, also known as Interstitial Free (I-F) steel, are produced from vacuum degassed (< 0.010% C), stabilized grades. EDDS+ has the lowest carbon content available and has been specially formulated to be most ductile . For high strength applications, GA Steel is available as Structural Steel (SS) or High Strength Low Alloy Steel (HSLAS).


Bake Hardenable (BH), Dent Resistant (DR) and Dual Phase (DP) Steels are also available.

With zero-spangled Galvannealed the surface remains even and lustrous.So any product made with Galvannealed looks far superior. Above are some application with numerous to name them.

Who we are
We Ashish Steel Traders (P) Ltd. a registered private limited company was started in the year 1992 in Naraina ,Loha Mandi ,New Delhi area for the purpose of trading of Iron & Steel as a proprietor concern by Shri Aashish Gupta as its proprietor and Late.Shri Ashok Kumar Gupta who is into the steel business from 1965 as its mentor. In 1995 it was converted into a private limited company and joined by Shri Raju Gupta an ACMA (Cost & Management Accountant) and other family members. In previous years we had also operated as consignment agents of M/s Essar Steel Limited for Delhi region.

How can we create value for you

Currently we are procuring materials which are prime , seconds and surplus of prime from various companies and market place . We then conduct physical and chemical inspection of the material and identify the use of various quality of materials for the various manufacturing applications . These materials are either then sold in market place to the retailers or offered to various manufacturers as per their requirements . We provide exact chemical and physical details of the materials to our customers so that least rejections are there and we also conduct third party processing such as cutting , bending, cut to length , etc on behalf and as per requirements of the customers . We use high end CAD software to suggest the minimum wastage for size of the sheets and also provides drawings to cut sheets to maximize productivity. Our targeted customers are small traders and manufacturers who do not possess or have sufficient resources for the technical know how about the steel and the new type of advanced steel and advance manufacturing processes . Although we are general order suppliers but to add value to our customers we are currently laying emphasis on products Galvannealed , Skin pass galvanized sheets cromated and non cromated and Cut to length CRCA and HRPO.

Contact Information

Ashish Steel Traders (P) Ltd.

X-36/37, Loha Mandi, Naraina, New Delhi-110028 (India) Landline :- +91 11 25897008 , Fax :- +91 11 47322983 , E.Mail :- astpl@hotmail.com

Aashish Gupta :- +91 9811038245 E.Mail :- astpl@live.com

Raju Gupta :- +91 8010678645 E.Mail :- acma.rajugupta@gmail.com