CLGE

Second European Conference on Cadastral Surveyors

Bucharest 2010 Paving the way to the future

Cadastre in ROMANIA
(seen from the providers perspective)
Ph.D. Valeriu MANOLACHE

Romania general data

237500 km 22 000 000 habitans 41 counties (judets) 2951 communes 94 municipalities 172 towns

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

The state administration needs cadastre

The graduates of the first technical universities with training in Romanian were

IAI - 1814 BUCURETI - 1818

cadastral engineers
(ingineri hotarnici)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Hystorical evolution of the territory

max

1866-1918

1920-1940
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

1947-
Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

2 cadastral systems until 1996

germanic model (landbuch)

latin model (inscription/transcription)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

More units of area

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1828
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1834
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1845
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1904
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1921
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre until 1947

1943
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre between 1947 and 1989

Principles:
(communist regime) The Land is the property of all people
(there is no private property of lands)

The geodetic and cartographic data are secret

Consequences:
The lack of concern for a rigurous evidence of land ownership (common property = nobodys property) The lack of technical data (position, shape, = Secret !)
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre after 1989

from KOLKHOZE (collective farming)

Law 18/1991
(reconstitution of the land property)

to PRIVATE

PROPERTY

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre after 1989

Law 18/1991
(reconstitution of the land property) ( in process ) about 40 millions parcels without registration in the

existing cadastre system

(Land Register or InscriptionsTranscriptions Register)

the position defined through the parcel plan (usually without coordinates) and through neighbourhoods
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre after 1989

( of Cadastre and Land Registration) ( changed of N times )

Law 7/1996

INSTITUTIONS:
National Agency for Cadastre and Land Registration
(former National Office for Cadastre, Geodesy and Mapping)

Departament of CADASTRE

Departament of LAND REGISTRATION

Departament of GEODESY and MAPPING

NATIONAL CENTRE of GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, PHOTOGRAMMETRY and REMOTE SENSING

42 local (county level) OFICES of CADASTRE and LAND REGISTRATION 136 local LAND REGISTRATION OFICES
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Cadastre after 1989

( of Cadastre and Land Registration)

Law 7/1996

SPECIFICATIONS:
CADASTRE:
Management system of the real estate

ENTITIES:
The parcel The owner The building

MAIN DOCUMENTS:
Cadastre register of the parcels Alphabetic index of the owners Register of owners (?!) Register of properties (?!) Cadastral plan

LAND REGISTRATION:
Land card (without constitutive value)

(at administrative teritory level)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

The regulation of the professional practice

Law 16/2007
(the organization and the exercise of the surveying profession)

Issued: January 2007

establishes The Ordre of Surveyors The Ordre of Surveyors confers (and retracts) the right of signature for the cadastral documentations (and for other categories of geodetic and cartographic works)

The Ordre of Surveyors has 24 territorial branches The Ordre of Surveyors had 1780 members in November 2008 through the Decision of the Constitutional Court: Abolished represented a first initiative of 2008 harmonizing the professional November standards with other European countries and alligning with the Granada declaration principles
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

 sporadic cadastre
(based on request: first come first served

Approach

5
Parcel

2 4

Consequences:
There is no complete evidence concerning an administrative territory (locality) Discrepancies (unavoidable) between adjacent parcels (processed at different moments and by different providers: the same boundary is surveyed al least two times)
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

 Layouts of buildings; Table of parcel movement (description of the legal and technical situation of the parcel and buildings); List og all measurements (lengths, angles, GPS records, ); Bureaucracy, Time and Money List all determined points (coordinates); (for theof prosperity and the happyness of the citizen) Area calculation; Coordinates of points determined for geodetic network densification; Topographic descriptions of the densification points; Valeriu MANOLACHE CLGE Property documents (notary legalized); Cadastre in Romania BUCHAREST MAY 2010

and delimitation plan; What itLocation is requested for the registration of a parcel

The content of a cadastral documentation

Who is allowed to work

Any kind of work (project) of Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre can be done ONLY by authorized surveyors or companies The authorization is done by the related institutions (National Agency or Teritorial Office) There are 5 (five !!) levels of authorisation for surveyors

There are 4 (four !!) levels of authorization for companies

There are about 6 thousand authorized surveyors and companies (one authorized person for an area of 40 square kilometers or for about 6500 parcels)
CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010 Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

ISSUES
A very facile authorization system which has as effects:

Reduced professional performance and responsibility The possibility for the public functionaries to perform (not directly) private activities in the fields of cadastre, geodesy and cartography (registered and supervised also by them)

The public institutions are meanwhile monopolist competitors on the market; The elimination of the state intervention regarding the taxes and fees regulations; The reduction of the excessive fiscality (taxes for authorization, for reception, for plans, for coordinates, s.o.)
Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Who executes (does works)

2
Satu Mare Maramures

1
Suceava

Botosani

1 6
Ias i

7 geographic areas
2 1
Vaslui

1
Bihor

Salaj

B istrita Nasaud

Neamt

Cluj

6
Timis

Arad

Alba Sibiu

Mures Transilvania 2 Harghita

Moldova
Bacau

1 1
Galati

Banat
Hunedoara

Covasna

1
Vranc ea

17

2 2 2
Vilc ea

Brasov

3 6

3
Caras Severin

1 4
Arges Gorj Prahova

4
Buzau

3
Braila

1
Tulcea

149
Companies
CLGE General Assembly

1
Mehedinti

Oltenia
2
Dolj Olt

3
Dimbov ita

Muntenia
Ilfov

27

Ialomita 3

Dobrogea
2
Cons tanta
Valeriu MANOLACHE

Bucuresti 3 Calarasi
1
Teleorman Giurgiu

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

Examples of works
INDEX CADASTRAL MAP

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
SISTEMATIC CADASTRE (St.Voda)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
SISTEMATIC CADASTRE (St.Voda)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
INDEX CADASTRAL MAP The existing map

Data sources

BDG

The cadastral documentations

BDT

BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Determinations on land
CLGE

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
URBAN CADASTRE

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
GIS (Cernavoda)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY and DIGITAL ORTHOPHOTOMAPPING
(scales: 1:5000, 1:2000, 1:1000)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY and DIGITAL ORTHOPHOTOMAPPING
(scales: 1:5000, 1:2000, 1:1000)

(1:5000 for the whole teritory)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
OBLIQUE IMAGES (Bucharest)

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

Examples of works
Using LiDAR technology

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania

OBJECTIVES
The application of the professions law (The Romanian Order of Surveyors) therefore the institutional organisation of our profession has to be regulated through laws, norms and standards issued for the purpose of raising the quality of cadastre and the reaffirmation of the surveyor profession through the increase of its credibility on the services market Promoting national technical regulations for the measurements and for the cartography in accordance with harmonisation of a code of measurement across Europe;
Valeriu MANOLACHE
CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

OBJECTIVES

Ellaboration of a National Strategy of Cadastre (in cooperation with ANCPI), approved by the Romanian Government; Facile and free access to the geodetic, cadastral and cartographic data bases which are in the property of the state.

Valeriu MANOLACHE
CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

OBJECTIVES recognition of cadastre as one of the main parts of the economic infrastructure in a modern society, which has to include modern, safe, inexpensive, open, accessible and transparent cadastral system. The authorization of surveyors based on principles linked solely to their educational background and professional experience - educated to at least Master level and ensure that Continuing Professional Development (CDP) is introduced and monitored for Cadastral Surveyors, , in accordance with CLGE reccomendations
The
Valeriu MANOLACHE
CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

OBJECTIVES
Necessity

of promoting a EU Directive that will tend to harmonize the European surveying system in the same manner as the EU INSPIRE [The INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe] Directive aims to make interoperable spatial information readily available in support of both national and Community policy and to enable the public to access this information. The parcel, co-ordinates and address are likely to form the fundamental elements of harmonisation and all parcels should have a unique identification code.
Valeriu MANOLACHE

CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

OBJECTIVES
Transpose, ratify

or acknowledge the CLGE Code of Conduct and by the national authorities to ensure that surveyors are recognised as working to the highest ethical standards whether they are in the public or private sector.

Valeriu MANOLACHE
CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

OBJECTIVES

Granada Declaration - 2002

It is expected to collaborate with the private sector to elaborate and to keep up-to-date the cadastres of the member states, and also to co-operate with the international organisations bound to develop and to study those public policies based on land administration.
(art. 12)
Valeriu MANOLACHE
CLGE General Assembly

Cadastre in Romania 23-24 March 2007, Lyon, France

Thank you for your attention!

CLGE
BUCHAREST MAY 2010

Valeriu MANOLACHE

Cadastre in Romania