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ASK QUESTIONS IN THE CHAT ROOM! about lectures, text, homeworks, quizes

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Grades
Exam 1: 15%, Exam 2: 15%, Final: 25%, HW: 15%, Quiz: 15%, i-clicker:15%
Exam I: Monday, Feb 25 during 3:25-4:30pm in PHY-LH Exam II: Monday, April 8 during 3:25-4:30pm in PHY-LH Final Exam: Wednesday, May 15 during 12:00-3:00pm in PHY-LH 1st HW due: 02-04-13 12:01 AM EDT 1st Quiz: Next weeks Recitation Session 31 January /1 February

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Required Purchases
i-clicker Web-assign license

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"The WebAssign access code from last semester will remain valid for those students who bought the textbook from the Bookstore in the loose-leaf, shrink-wrapped version with the WebAssign card bundled with it. The students do have to remember that code. If they have forgotten it, they could try sending an inquiry to WebAssign from its website.If any students bought the textbook and WebAssign code separately, i.e. not the bundled version, then the access code was valid for only one semester and they will have to buy another code. They can buy it on the WebAssign site or at the Bookstore."

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i-clicker: Winter break was . a) too short. b) too long. c) wonderful! d) spoiled due to lack of physics. e) Huh! What break?

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Chapter 14
Fluids

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14.2 What is a Fluid?

A fluid (liquids & gases), in contrast to a solid, is a substance that can flow. Solids have their own shape, fluid take the shape of their containers. They do so because a fluid cannot sustain a force that is tangential to its surface. That is, a fluid is a substance that flows because it cannot withstand a shearing stress. It can, however, exert a force.

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14.3 Density and Pressure: The two key properties of Fluids Density of a fluid: Density is a scalar property; its SI unit is the kilogram per cubic meter. Pressure p is defined as: The SI unit of pressure is the newton per square meter, which is given a special name, the pascal (Pa). Pressure acts at right angles to any surface! 1 atmosphere (atm) = 1.01x105 Pa =760 torr =14.7 lb/in.2.

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14.3 Density and Pressure

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14.3 Density and Pressure

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14.4: Fluids at Rest: Dependence of Pressure in Depth

Container of fluid. Top is open to atmosphere so Ftop=PAt.A Fbottom =Ftop+Fluid Weight =PAt.A+Vg =PAt.A+Ahg So Pbottom=Fbottom/A=PAt+gh

P2=P1+gh
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Example 1: What is the weight of the air in a typical room? (15ft X 15ft X 15ft) and air=1.29 kg/m3 at 1 atm. V=(15 ft X 0.305 m/ft)3=95.8 m3 mg = V g = 1.29 X 95.8 X 9.8 =1210 N = 270 lb!

1 N = 0.224 lb
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Example 2: What is the total weight of the atmosphere? Earths radius RE=6.37 X 106 m

1 atm = 1.01 X 105 Pa 1 Pa= 1 N/m2

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Example 3: What is the net force on a submarine window of Radius 15 cm when at a depth of 200 m?

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i-clicker: A glass of water is resting on a scale that reads its weight. What will happen to the reading when you dip a finger into the water?

a) Increase b) Decrease c) Stay the same

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i-clicker: A glass of water is resting on a scale that reads its weight. What will happen to the reading when you dip a finger into the water? 1) Water is exerting an upward buoyant force on your finger. So by newtons 3rd law your finger is exerting a downward force on water more force on scale. 2) Pressure at bottom = pAt+ g h When you dip your finger the water level rises h risespressure rises.

a) Increase b) Decrease c) Stay the same

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14.5: Measuring Pressure: The Mercury Barometer

Atmospheric pressure forces mercury up the barometer until pressure equalizes at bottom of mercury column.
A mercury barometer is a device used to measure the pressure of the atmosphere. The long glass tube is filled with mercury and the space above the mercury column contains only mercury vapor, whose pressure can be neglected. If the atmospheric pressure is p0 , and is the density of mercury,

Fig. 14-5 (a) A mercury barometer. (b) Another mercury barometer. The distance h is the same in both cases.
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14.5: Measuring Pressure: The Open-Tube Manometer

An open-tube manometer measures the gauge pressure pg of a gas. It consists of a U-tube containing a liquid, with one end of the tube connected to the vessel whose gauge pressure we wish to measure and the other end open to the atmosphere. If po is the atmospheric pressure, p is the pressure at level 2 as shown, and is the density of the liquid in the tube, then

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For Mercury Barometer: Height is typically 0.76 m.

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Alexander Callandra, "The Saturday Review" (December 21, 1968, p 60).

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Alexander Callandra, "The Saturday Review" (December 21, 1968, p 60).

The student was Niels Bohr.

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14.6: Pascals Principle A change in the pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of its container.

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14.6: Pascals Principle and the Hydraulic Lever The force Fi is applied on the left and the downward force Fo from the load on the right produce a change p in the pressure of the liquid that is given by

If we move the input piston downward a distance di, the output piston moves upward a distance do, such that the same volume V of the incompressible liquid is displaced at both pistons.

Then the output work is:

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Example 4:

What force F is needed?

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