Drone Ed Al Mac

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Drone Education about Controversies
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Drone Ed
Drone Controversies Education
Compiled by Alister William Macintyre Here are links to drone education resources I have located and am studying, to help other people with similar interests, in understanding the complexity of the controversies. My studies are in docs labeled Drone X.X (version) Topic Last updated 2013 Apr 06
Version 5.21
Table of Contents: Drone Research Introduction (3 Apr 06) ........................................................................ 2 Synopsis Introduction (3 Apr 05) ............................................................................... 2 Doc Structure (3 Apr 06) ............................................................................................ 4 Credits (3 Feb 18)................................................................................................... 5 Drone Education (3 Apr 05) ............................................................................................... 7 Kill List Management (3 Apr 05) ............................................................................... 9 Drone News sources (3 Apr 06)...................................................................................... 9 Maps and Charts (3 Apr 06) # ! .................................................................................... 10 Common Misconceptions (3 Apr 05) ........................................................................... 12 Science Fiction memories (3 Apr 06) ........................................................................... 12 Conflicting Stories (2 July 17) ! .................................................................... 13 Death Ratios (3 Apr 06) #......................................................................................... 14 Who is Legitimate Target for Drone Killing? (3 Apr 06) ! ...................................... 15 Redefining Morality (3 Apr 06) !.............................................................................. 16 Activist Summary (3 Mar 20) ........................................................................................... 17 American+ (3 Apr 06)............................................................................................... 18 Center+ (3 Apr 06).................................................................................................... 19 Constitution+ (3 Mar 19) .......................................................................................... 21 Drone+ (3 Mar 08) .................................................................................................... 22 Electronic+ (3 Mar 15) ............................................................................................. 22 Fellow+ (3 April 04) ................................................................................................. 23 Human Rights+ (3 Apr 04) ....................................................................................... 25 Muck+ (3 Apr 06) ..................................................................................................... 26 Pakistan+ (3 Apr 04)................................................................................................. 27 Reprieve+ (3 Apr 05) ................................................................................................ 28 Twitter+ (3 Apr 04)................................................................................................... 30 Articles FOR recommends (3 Apr 04)........................................................ 31 Drone Warfare Stateside (3 Apr 04) ......................................................................... 31 Drones in Latin America (3 Apr 04)......................................................................... 32 Domestic and Military Drones and the Law (3 Apr 04) ........................................... 32 Al Mac Research split (3 Apr 05) ..................................................................... 32
Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection
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Drone Research Sharing Sites (3 Apr 05)..................................................................... 35 Contacting author (2 July 10) ................................................................................... 36 Al Mac other shared research (3 Apr 05).......................................................................... 36 Drone Keywords (3 Apr 05) ..................................................................................... 38 Revision History (3 Apr 05) ............................................................................................. 39
Drone Research Introduction (3 Apr 06)

We are seeing new info on drones extremely rapidly, and I scramble to update my notes, where I try to subdivide by logical specialty interests, which can grow helter skelter, then I reorganize by sub-topics. Some of the info in Drone Ed1 was previously in: Drone Notes;2 Drone Reports.3 There is also info here in Drone Ed, which is brand new, not previously in my other research notes.
Synopsis Introduction (3 Apr 05)

Risk of drone abuse is a complex topic, where some people argue the fears are overblown conspiracy theory, while others point at specific abuses which have occurred already. In extreme summary, areas of concern include: Anonymity of a nuisance, in our sky, or in our face who to complain to? Civil Liberties in an age of increasing surveillance techniques; Government Regulations how much are unreasonable? Military vs. International Law outside zones of declared wars; Robots implemented before Artificial Intelligence is ready; Terrorist opportunities. There are many controversies regarding the use of technology being used to enhance our surveillance society, removing privacy. People, who love the constitution, and the civil liberties our civilization has enjoyed for centuries, desire legislative and judicial rule changes to continue to protect us from potential abuses. Police collect photographic evidence of who was where when, store in data bases, which are then breached by criminals intent on violating those people. Thus there is great interest in what the authorities are doing with surveillance data, and whether it is being adequately protected from cyber breaches.
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Drone Ed = Drone Controversies Education, and guidance for finding out more about this huge topic.
Drone Notes = Miscellaneous Info across a spectrum of many drone sub-topics. Drone Reports is a directory of over 200 sources of information, pointing us to where they can be located, and where my analysis of these sources ended up.
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You are enjoying your weekend off in the privacy of your backyard, when there is the noise of a lawnmower in the sky, hovering over you and your family. Who is operating that thing? What are they up to? Are they taking photographs of you, to go on You Tube? Is that drone weaponized? Is it legal for you to shoot down the blasted nuisance? There is no way you can tell with current rules. Children can be given radio controlled toys, which are not a threat to the neighborhood, but those toys look exactly the same as drones which can fly into a persons face then explode, killing them. In past history, children with toy guns pointed them at police officers, who could not tell they were toys, shot back, killing or maiming the children. History may be about to repeat, thanks to flying objects where people who see them cannot tell the difference between toys, and serious threats. There are types of drones which are no threat to anyone, other than the noise, and what the operator might do with photos taken. There are other drones, which have identical appearance to people on the ground, and which have the ability to kill those people on the ground. Thus it would seem reasonable that a license should be needed to operate a drone, like a license is needed to operate a motor vehicle on the public highways. Some communities require motor vehicles to pass periodic inspections of safety, to have a nonexpired license plate. Some similar requirements might be required for privately owned drones. It would also seem reasonable that a purchaser should pass a background check, to prevent people with mental health problems, or records of felony violence, have control of these potentially lethal devices. Drones are now a major portion of military operations, especially in nations and regions outside recognized armed conflicts. Killing innocent civilians and children is always problematic. Leaders of the nations, which are doing this, such as the USA, provide lots of legal justification, which other people, both inside those nations, and in other nations dispute those justifications. As the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan wind down, thousands of drones are returning home, in search of new missions. Many police agencies have expressed an interest in getting weaponized drones, to improve their ability to deal with non-violent protest movements, and other activities seen as a threat by the police, but not always by the citizenry. Companies which have made lots of profits selling drones to the military, now seek civilian applications. They try to assure us of no threat to the general population, citing vague voluntary codes of ethics, which they do not want written into privacy law. Drone Manufacturers have many potential corporate customers, excited about prospects of replacing even more human employees, with robots. I have collected resources about drone controversies, and related topics, and arranged them to try to help anyone rapidly get up to speed on what the issues are.
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Different people are more interested in different aspects of these controversies, and different levels of detail. You may skim whats in individual info sources to see if the topic interests you, then later if you desire more detail than what is in Drone Ed, return here to review which of my other shared drone research topics are relevant to your interests.
Doc Structure (3 Apr 06)

Topic subtitles end in
a date signifying when that info last updated, so by viewing table of
contents, we see where most recent input to these research notes, especially aiding people with copy of an earlier version. Digit in front of month means year.
Version numbers are incremented, with this document periodically uploaded

various places for convenience of other people who can then pick and choose which of my research efforts they wish to download, and also see if the last version I have uploaded is numbered beyond the last that they downloaded.
Some chapter headings, of my research documents, have # symbol, after date of last update. This signifies that source(s) here have estimates of # drone attacks, persons killed, injured, who are justified targets and who are alleged innocent victims, or collateral damage. Estimates vary widely for many reasons, which can include: Lack of clarity of drone control (by CIA, military, hacker); Aimed at which kind of target (In Drone Terms, see: signature strikes; targeted killing); Definition of militant vs. civilian4 A key dispute is over the jurisprudence concept of persons innocent until proven guilty vs. USA saying they are guilty but refusing to present any proof, claiming it to be secret. Thus Pakistan thinks the USA has hilled thousands of innocent Pakistanis (unproven to be guilty), while the USA says 90% of them were legitimate guilty targets, but take our word for it without any evidence. In which Nation.5 Some reports are only what happened in a particular nation, a few years, others several nations. Spokespersons with some kind of Agenda. Some chapter headings now have $ symbol, after date of last update. This signifies that source(s) here have estimates of cost of drones, taxpayer investments, and what it costs for ordinary people to get into this market.
See in Drone (detail) Notes; and Drone Terms: military summary; killing scale in statistics; terminology = Civilian.
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See in Drone Nations: and in Drone Notes, section: Where in the World?
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Some chapter headings now have ! symbol, after date of last update. This signifies that the content here includes: what I consider to be wild speculation; conspiracy theory; or I have serious doubts of the factual basis. The content can be either the myth, or debunking info. Disputed info beyond # or $ evolution, rather whats happening, what can happen. There are multiple areas of dispute, so I may later add to symbol collection to help with that. This coding, into Table of Contents, was to help me try to correlate some info, which led to the Issues Summary section just after Introduction section. My general policy on chapter breaks is to try to have no more than two pages for one chapter. When some chapter runs longer than that, I periodically review to see if it can be broken up into something more digestible.
When I share links, I include entire url in footnotes. This because, depending on nature of original sources, and how the doc is ultimately copied, shared, ac cessed, hyperlinks sometimes become inoperative, for some people.
The Author of this research, Alister Wm Macintyre, welcomes other people to download copies of Als work, but warns that different cited sources have different attribution and copyright restrictions, so care should be followed downstream, in selecting where to reuse the material.
Users of my research hold Alister Wm. Macintyre harmless, and also the places I upload my research to, and agree that my copyright is reserved and that the inform ation is available for the intended purpose of helping my social network friends share an understanding on how humans ought to do a better job of learning about our world, so that we can take constructive action to improve it. I am doing this using individ ual documents focusing on different topics which appear to be vastly misunderstood by policy makers, and large segments of voters, to try to avoid any one document being excessively large. Some of my research content is direct quotes from other sources. I try to give credit every time I do this.
Credits (3 Feb 18)

Thanks to many friends on social media, for raising my consciousness about the importance of these issues; where I need to improve my communication skills; and thanks to the hosts of social media for providing a medium through which we can have this discussion. This list includes: Alias Inkhorn6 7 Ashley Boyle who compiled a dynamite drone bibliography for American Security Project (ASP).8
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https://plus.google.com/u/0/103028459671171670815/about He is one of several G+ contacts who have provided me with lots of relevant links. See DIKE in Drone Terms.
Drone Education about Controversies Bob Speth Erik Jonker9 Google Desk Top Google Docs Google Plus Jera Wolfe10 Johan Bart11 Mike Elgan12 Murray J Brown13 Paul Frank14 Stacy Stutz15 Steven Smit16 Susan Stone17 V. Posts to [drone-list]18
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I want my research notes to be available to other people on the Wikipedia principle of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License,19 where:
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http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/multimedia/drones-privacyparadox-privacy-and-itsconflicting-values-video
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http://americansecurityproject.org/issues/asymmetric-operations/the-strategic-effects-of-a-lethal-dronespolicy/drone-information-sources-annotated-bibliography/ 9 Via G+ thread https://plus.google.com/u/0/108007903544513887227/posts/dWStioGuqUg Erik Jonker supplied me with the most wonderful link: http://aviationintel.com/2012/07/09/tylers-10-thoughts-on-the-future-of-drone-warfare/ 10 Jera Wolfe 2005-2006 US Army/Nat. Guard; Infantry; Now a Disabled Vet. https://plus.google.com/u/0/101604758566835021293/about Here is a G+ thread which was used as a stepping stone to gather many of the links in this doc: https://plus.google.com/u/0/101604758566835021293/posts/cHffDPqPCW3 11 https://plus.google.com/u/0/108969895929492148102/about 12 https://plus.google.com/u/0/113117251731252114390/about Here is a G+ post about US drones over Iran: https://plus.google.com/u/0/113117251731252114390/posts/CkwueiqZ7By 13 Linked me to a collection of talking points discussion: https://plus.google.com/u/0/106352257888200427693/posts/9qSrojBLn3K 14 Here is a G+ post about US drones over USA, where Congress seems to be confused about what they just authorized. https://plus.google.com/u/0/102686188005488451760/posts/LTryazAhtnT 15 Stacy Stutz https://plus.google.com/u/0/112498900163608275911/posts shared info with me about micro drones https://plus.google.com/u/0/112498900163608275911/posts/RgA3RqkWNJr http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21528745.000-microdrones-the-new-face-of-cuttingedgewarfare.html originally posted to G+ by Efstratios Filippidis - TheUndogmatic Thinker 16 https://plus.google.com/u/0/116911684148503370714/about 17 https://plus.google.com/u/0/110097167949323324728/about
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https://mailman.stanford.edu/mailman/listinfo/drone-list
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_AttributionShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License
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We are very careful to identify sources of info, clearly quoting when using someone elses words; When doing the quoting, do not in any way imply that the prior sources of the info endorse our spin on the re-write, summarization, conclusions, etc.; When we share, use this info, it s future iterations have the same kind of anyone can share it provisions.
Drone Education (3 Apr 05)

Many documents and articles explore whats going on with drones, and critical issues of public accountability, often providing good links to additional info, but I think a handful stand head and shoulders above the rest, in helping readers rapidly gain full comprehension about whats happening, what the key issues are, why people are complaining. They include (read or view in this sequence); 1. Constitution-Free-Zone of USA20 2. Activist Petition CBP21 on Drones vs. Constitution 2013 Mar22 3. Activist Petition FAA on Drones vs. Privacy USA 2012 Feb23 4. CDT24 proposal that drones have radio frequency identification license plates, to serve same function as numbers on tails of manned flight. 25 5. http://drones.pitchinteractive.com/ graphic showing # attacks, # types of victims in Pakistan, and many recent news links.26
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http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map People coming across the border, legally or illegally, are normally presumed not to have any constitutional rights, until proven innocent US citizen, or foreigner entering the nation legally, either way not carrying any contraband across the border. A person accused of being here illegally, does not have the same constitutional rights as a person presumed to be here legally, accused of some unrelated crime. Most everyone should know this about the actual physical border, and reality for accused as illegal immigrant. One problem is when some government agencies treat some great distance inland as being subject to the same rules as at the physical border. Citizens accustomed to certain constitutional rights, can be hostile to authorities who do not recognize any of them, due to this reality. 21 CBP = Customs and Border Patrol. http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 22 See March 2013 in Drone Dates for more info. 23 FAA = Federal Aviation Administration. http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb See Feb 24 2012 in Drone Dates for more info. 24 CDT = Center for Democracy and Technology https://www.cdt.org/ https://www.cdt.org/search/node/drone 25 https://www.cdt.org/blogs/joseph-lorenzo-hall/0803license-plates-drones This could help solve a major challenge. Many states are considering laws prohibiting people from operating drones in your face, or on your private property, without your permission. But when this happens to you, the drone is anonymous, you do not know who may be operating it. Current FAA rules demand line of sight between operator and drone, but for every person who obeys the rules, there are reportedly thousands of people disobeying the rules. The rules are not enforceable when no one knows who is operating which drones. I believe that if there was an ap for cell phones to identify WHOSE DRONE IS THIS, so that you can deliver to your lawyer, or to 911, info on source of harassment, and if you are being harassed by a drone with no such identification, then you should have the right to try to shoot down that drone, or take other action to try to put it out of action.
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6. Washington Post Drone Debate FAQ 2013 March27 7. CRS28 Kill US Citizen Legalities.29 (23 pages) 8. US DoJ30 memo on killing US citizens without due process. 31 (16 pages) 9. Drone Wars UK Briefing32 from Drone Wars Net.33 (36 pages) 10. UN report34 on legality of targeted killing. (29 pages) 11. Legal Geography of War.35 (20 pages) 12. Pakistan Living Under Drones36 (182 pages) and follow links there.37 13. Congress House Transcript Drones in USA Skies 2012 July38 (54 pages) 14. American Security Project Drone Bibliography.39 (11 pages)
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Some news media have attacked this, and other sources, regarding veracity of the data. You will find as you look at the multiple sources that there is a wide range of claims, where there are people who believe certain numbers and to hell with anyone with contrary info. The reality is that of the many info sources, many must be mistaken in some respects of what they are saying. They cannot all be totally correct. So review the data, but view multiple sources before deciding which versions of reality you find the most believeable. 27 http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/03/08/everything-you-need-to-know-aboutthe-drone-debate-in-one-faq/?wprss=rss_ezra-klein 28 CRS = Congressional Research Service. 29 https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/target.pdf 30 DoJ = US Dept of Justice. 31 https://www.fas.org/irp/eprint/doj-lethal.pdf This memo adds only microscopic info to a controversy which had gone on for years prior to it getting leaked. However, for newcomers to the topic it is a good introduction to the poor quality of communications between US government and the people, which I further explore in detail in Drone Scribd. 32 I devote a chapter in Drone Scribd to this Briefing. 33 www.dronewars.net info@dronewars.net 34 http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/14session/A.HRC.14.24.Add6.pdf I have copiy of this 2010 May UN report in my Drone Info collections on Google Docs Drive. Someone else uploaded it to Scribd: http://www.scribd.com/doc/36645111/UN-special-rapporteur-Report-onextrajudicial-Philip-Alston 35 I devote a chapter in Drone Scribd to this Legal Analysis by Kenneth Anderson, Targeted Killing and Drone Warfare: How We came to Debate Whether there Is a Legal Geography of War (April 2011), Future Challenges in National Security and Law, edited by Peter Berkowitz, http://www.futurechallengesessays.com 36 http://livingunderdrones.org/ INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CLINIC (STANFORD LAW SCHOOL) AND GLOBAL JUSTICE CLINIC (NYU SCHOOL OF LAW), LIVING UNDER DRONES: DEATH, INJURY, AND TRAUMA TO CIVILIANS FROM US DRONE PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN (September, 2012) 37 As I have mentioned elsewhere, different sources paint extremely different pictures of the alleged bad stuff being done by the USA and other nations against innocent men women and children in many nations, and the numbers of innocent people killed by drones. Living under drones (in Pakistan) looks at the methods used by many sources to come up with their figures, includes a report card of sorts, to rank which have the best veracity. Thanks to this analysis, I came to the conclusion that while boots on the ground military invasion typically kills 10-15 innocent civilians for every one identified enemy, drones used by the USA are killing perhaps 60% real enemies and 40% innocent civilians. The ratio could be much less innocents if US intelligence was better. 38 It is a House Hearing, with testimony representing: Engineering Academia; GAO; Police; Privacy. Abstract Summary = http://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=719102 Full 865k Transcript = https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=719102 39 I copied the ASP Bibliography to my Drone Info collections on Google Drive and Linked In / Box Net / Drone Info / Drone Sources sub-folder. I originally located it here:
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15. Join drone discussion list;40 then, as a member, you will have access to the groups message archives,41 which go back to Feb 2012. 16. Check out my Drone Issues.42 This is a list of all the different problems people have cited about Drones, not all of which I have researched yet. Skim thru to see if there are any listed, which are important to you, but not adequately addressed by my Drone Ed, or other Drone focus research documents.
Kill List Management (3 Apr 05)

For a detailed analysis of the targeted killing process, how kill lists are created, managed, thru execution of the targets, and what accountability (if any) is included, see: McNeal, Gregory S., Kill-Lists and Accountability (March 5, 2013). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1819583 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1819583 or http://bit.ly/KillLists which I have downloaded, naming it: SSRN43 Targeted Killing Process 2013 March44 127 pages
Drone News sources (3 Apr 06)

Look at bottom of page of http://drones.pitchinteractive.com/ graphic showing # attacks, # types of victims in Pakistan, and many recent drone news links. Pakistani Body Count45 tracks both drone attacks (by USA), and suicide bomb attacks, both of which allegedly target a hell of a lot of innocent civilians, however if you believe US government stories, the innocent civilians killed by US drone attacks are not the primary targets, and it is clear from this data that suicide bombers and other terrorist bombers are killing many more people than the US drone attacks.46 http://www.dronejournalismlab.org/ = Links, thoughts and research into using drones, UAVs or remotely piloted vehicles for journalism at the Drone Journalism Lab at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln's College of Journalism and Mass Communications. Some news media have pages of links focused on contemporary hot topics. o The Guardian Newspaper in Britain.47 o Reason in USA.48
http://americansecurityproject.org/issues/asymmetric-operations/the-strategic-effects-of-a-lethal-dronespolicy/drone-information-sources-annotated-bibliography/ 40 https://mailman.stanford.edu/mailman/listinfo/drone-list 41 https://mailman.stanford.edu/mailman/private/drone-list/ 42 http://www.scribd.com/doc/108448622/Drone-Issues-Al-Mac 43 SSRN = Social Science Research Network 44 2013 Mar 14 downloaded from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1819583 45 http://pakistanbodycount.org/drn.php http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2010/05/pak-site-drones-only-killed-one-terrorist-in-2010-if-you-dontcount-taliban/ 46 As I state multiple places, there are people who dispute the numbers of innocent people being killed by drone strikes. Pakistan Body Count has news media citations for 100% of the deaths and injuries claimed. 47 http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/drones 48 http://reason.com/tags/drones
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Some activist sites have pages listing recent news stories about drones. o ACAD49 = Alameda County against Drones
Maps and Charts (3 Apr 06) # !

I tentatively plan to split off a separate document just on locating Drone usage in domestic USA, while military locations to go into Drone Nations. Here is map of 64 bases inside USA allegedly used to control military and CIA drone usage around the world.50 Here are just the military ones, with list of names of bases involved.51 Here are links to 110 coming. They also talk about 88 actually operating right now (88-64=24 not on earlier list.).52 Here is info about CIA bases for drones around the world.53 All this info is as of when it was found out. Reality is constantly evolving. Here is map of Pakistan locations of USA drone strikes.54 Here is map of US cities, where various institutions got FAA approval to fly drones over US airspace.55 This is as of April 2012. Here is December 2012 update. 56 Here is revised again Feb 2013.57 Lots more have been added since then, not in public documents yet. o Color Coding: o Red Active; o Blue Expired; o Yellow Denied. EFF wants our help gathering info from our local communities regarding what these drones are being used for.58
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https://nomby.wordpress.com/media/ http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2012/06/64-drone-bases-on-us-soil/ https://publicintelligence.net/dod-us-drone-activities-map/ 51 https://publicintelligence.net/dod-us-drone-activities-map/ 52 https://www.fas.org/blog/secrecy/2012/06/us_drone_bases.html https://www.fas.org/sgp/news/secrecy/2012/06/061412.html 53 http://www.gearthhacks.com/downloads/related.php?file=31659 54 Map of where drone attacks in Pakistan: http://counterterrorism.newamerica.net/drones https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&hl=en&msa=0&msid=111611283754323549630.00047e8cdf c55d220dee7&ll=33.100745,70.444336&spn=4.41699,7.03125&t=p&z=7&source=embed 55 https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/04/faa-releases-its-list-drone-certificates-leaves-many-questionsunanswered 56 https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/12/newly-released-drone-records-reveal-extensive-military-flights-us 57 https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/02/faa-releases-new-list-drone-authorizations-your-local-lawenforcement-agency-map http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2013-02/which-us-towns-are-allowed-fly-drones https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz?viz=MAP&q=select+col2+from+1WuTyH62PmUF97oxo 6IreT1BL_aw9HJN5pocwmwg&h=false&lat=44.08758502824518&lng=85.5615234375&z=4&t=1&l=col2&y=1&tmplt=2 58 https://www.eff.org/node/70936
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The civilian operations map does not, of course, include classified operations by various branches of the military, CIA, NSA, Customs and Border patrol, FBI, DEA, etc. alphabet soup of agencies, which may be operating from other than the 64 military bases, or 88, or whatever the # is.. Quoting from the LA Times, in June 2012:59 QUOTE A new control station will arrive this month in Corpus Christi, Texas, allowing Predators based there to cover more of the Gulf of Mexico. An additional drone will be delivered this year to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection's base in Cocoa Beach, Fla., for operations in the Caribbean. The Federal Aviation Administration has already approved a flight path for the drones to fly more than 1,000 miles to the Mona Passage, the strait between Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. UNQUOTE Here are some graphs showing numbers of civilians allegedly60 killed by CIA drones in Pakistan, compiled by Bureau of Investigative Journalism.61 Chart # 1 (multi-color) illustrates minimum total casualties, minimum reported civilian casualties, and minimum casualties aged under 18. Red = Children; Blue = Injured. Some of the text is too small for my senior eyes to decipher. Chart # 2 (in red) illustrates minimum reported civilians killed in drone strikes year by year. Chart # 3 (in orange) shows the total number of people reportedly killed in CIA drone strikes. Chart # 4 (in blue) shows the tally of total drone strikes in Pakistan between 2004 2012.
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http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-drugs-caribbean-20120623,0,3135494.story Thanks to government secrecy, and the anonymity of drones as viewed from the ground: Many drones of US government agencies are not run by government employees, but by various beltway bandit contractors. Only the agencies and the contractors personnel know whats going on. When the US government takes credit for a drone strike, the general public does not really know if it was done by the CIA, the US military, a NATO ally, or another ally. There have been drone military strikes in Pakistan, where both the US and Pakistani government said it was not done by them. There have been drone military strikes in Yemen, done by the US on behalf of the Yemen government, then the Yemen government says they did it. 61 Bureau of Investigative Journalism, based in London Britain. http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drones/ http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drone-data/ Some Graphs http://www.juancole.com/2012/06/graphs-of-death-us-drone-strkes-visualized-serle.html
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Common Misconceptions (3 Apr 05)

Here I cite beliefs which I see commonly stated in other people research, news media, social media, etc. then give why I believe those common statements are mistaken. Common Belief: Any given report on drones, or any other topic, by government, news media, other sources, are as correct and up-to-date as the writer can provide. o I believe that technology and policies are rapidly developing, such that almost no-one can stay current on it all. The older a source is, the more likely it will be saying things which may have been historically true, but are no longer. o I believe many people have an ideological philosophy which can blind their impartiality. They see world events through the rose colored glasses of their biases and prejudices. o I believe there are propagandists deliberately supplying a lot of incorrect information. Some of them are adversaries who want to make our government look bad, worse than any reality. Some are political adversaries who seek some government policy, so they paint a picture to try to provoke legislators and voters to work towards whatever policy the propagandists seek. Many news stories claim 40-50 nations have drones. They are probably correct. o In my Drone Nations notes I have documented over 100 nations with drones, where I carefully show citations for my sources.
Science Fiction memories (3 Apr 06)

Some peoples Drone and Robot expectations may have been influenced by popular TV series, movies, and Science Fiction literature. In reality, drones and robots are a bit different from how they have been portrayed in Science Fiction. America is attacked by Drones in the 2012 novel Kill Decision.62 Drones are used by Star Gate Command (SGC), when first visiting new, potentially hostile worlds.63 Drones were one of the types of weapons used by Sky Net, self-aware computer network, in the war to wipe out humans, in Terminator movies.64 There is also a TV series which expands the time travel activities beyond the 3 movies. A sentient unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) was a central figure in the action film Stealth.65
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Kill Decision http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_ss_i_1_10?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&fieldkeywords=kill+decision+by+daniel+suarez&sprefix=kill+decis%2Cstripbooks%2C215 http://www.forbes.com/sites/markpmills/2012/09/02/books-of-note-killer-drones-tech-jobs-and-theinternets-birth-on-labor-day-1969/ 63 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drone_Weapon 64 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terminator For where we are on the path to really getting Sky Net, see Drone Robots. 65 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle
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If Borg catch you in Star Trek,66 you could be converted into one of their drones. Drone Wars were one of the stages in the Star Wars saga.67 Eye-Borg movie reminds me of West World where nothing can go wrong, except the robots go killing the humans, for reasons never really explained, fueling conspiracy theories.68 UAVs are used in computer and video games such as F.E.A.R., inFamous, Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon, the popular Call of Duty and Battlefield franchises; game of drones; Drone War.69 In RoboCop, police duties were taken over by a seriously corrupt corporation. Now we have RoboCop technology being developed for real. 70 Pre-Crime was a system in The Minority Report, to supposedly identify crooks before they did bad stuff. Such a system is on its way to being implemented in the USA. 71 Heres a drone speaking, on social media. 72 NASA sent a robot to land on Mars, which broadcast back to Earth, using a human (recorded) voice. Micro, by Michael Crichton and Richard Preston,73 is reminiscent of The Peace War by Vernor Vinge.74 Both are about a rogue US government weapons contractor who turns against the people of the USA. In Micro, the weapon is microscopic drone bots. In Peace War, the weapon is like the force field of Star Trek ships, inverted, trapping victims inside, in suspended animation, but not forever. Both are well worth reading.
Conflicting Stories (2 July 17) !

Controversy has erupted regarding how governments of the world, on national and local level, have been using this emerging Drone technology. There are disputes over exactly whats happening, how things are being decided. While there are many kinds of drones, such as target drones of WW II, primary controversy is over: Military use of drones to attack innocent civilians in nations where there has been no formal declaration of war, nor permission sought from local governments; Drones used in civilian space in apparent violation of constitutional rights of local civilians. Should a judges warrant be required before using what a drone witnesses, against a person, or are they like the occupants of police cars? When a drone fires weapons on a crowd, is that just like weapons fire from individual police officers?
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http://stexpanded.wikia.com/wiki/Borg_drone http://www.cbsnews.com/2300-205_162-10005657.html 68 http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1043844/ 69 http://nwn.blogs.com/nwn/2012/08/pathfinding-demo-second-life.html 70 http://www.copblock.org/21628/your-move-creep-researchers-building-robocop-policeman/ 71 http://www.factoverfiction.com/article/293 Fact over Fiction has retired, see News & Research. 72 http://www.lawfareblog.com/2012/07/the-drunken-predator-speaks/ 73 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_%28novel%29 74 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Peace_War
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The US Supreme Court recently ruled that the right to face an accuser, includes the right to question the technician who prepared some forensic report. Does that also include the right to question the operator of a drone, whose information is used against a person? Many CCTV75 are now almost automated, operated by people unfamiliar with the underlying hardware and software, so maybe the right to face accuser should extend to a review of the technology, as has sometimes been attempted with the radar of police speed traps. How about the right to question phone company technicians, and view phone company software, to verify veracity of phone LUDs?76 George Zimmermans father, in the Trayvon Martin case, is a former magistrate, and has said that phone records can be faked, such as those between Trayvon Martin and his girl friend in the moments before Trayvon was killed. If anyone knows that phone company records can be faked, it is a person with his qualifications. Balancing Freedoms and Rights, when some technology can be inherently dangerous. Government secrecy. Agencies defy subpoenas from Congress, according to many hearings shown on C-Span. US government defies information requests from allies, and from court cases, around the world. A system of classifying all manner of material as secret, being very sluggish approving clearances for any Inspector General or GAO access to the data set, or system, to evaluate how much of this is justifiably secret. How can a free citizenry engage their government policy makers, without giving out information which might help our enemies? Factually what is happening, and how does that comport with our perceived identity as a free and democratic nation, which promotes liberty around the world?
Death Ratios (3 Apr 06) #

There are two competing stories out there about the ratios between kills of legitimate enemy targets, and collateral damage to innocent bystanders. The two stories are as different as night and day, and it is non-obvious which version of reality is from the Horses Mouth, and which story is from the other end of the Horse. The official US story is that the drones are extremely successful in wiping out our enemy, while innocent bystanders are pretty rare, and the technology is getting better at focusing only on our enemy, with less and less risk to innocent bystanders. Here are figures via CNN, July 3, 2012:77 Drones killed in Pakistan: 2004-2007 = 92 militants, 8 other (approx 90% enemy); 2008 = 149 militants, 144 other (50%); 2009: = 384 militants, 163 other (70%);
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CCTV = Closed Circuit Television or Cameras used all over creation, for both private company security, and all sorts of police interests, in the public sector. 76 LUDs = Local Usage Data. 77 http://www.cnn.com/2012/07/03/opinion/bergen-drones-taliban-pakistan/index.html
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Drone Education about Controversies 2010 = 760 militants, 40 other (95%); 2011 = 431 militants, 26 other (98%).
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Pakistan High Court, and Human Rights investigators, paint a very different story. A person is innocent until proven guilty, says the Pakistan legal system, while the US replies that if we killed them, they are guilty by definition, you have to take our word for it, with zero evidence, because this is a secret military operation. According to the New America Foundation, QUOTE Our study shows that the 307 reported drone strikes in northwest Pakistan, including 25 in 2012, from 2004 to the present have killed approximately between 1,855 and 2,848 individuals, of whom around 1,562 to 2,377 were described as militants in reliable press accounts. Thus, the true non-militant fatality rate since 2004 according to our analysis is approximately 16%. In 2011, it was more like 11%.
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UNQUOTE
US figures, thru 2010 total 1740 killed, of which 355 are innocent civilians, meaning 80% enemy killed and 20% innocent civilians. New Americas math is 16% enemy killed and 84% innocent civilians, with a slightly higher volume of deaths. Plus we are not seeing injured totals. This is a huge difference in data conclusions. There are multiple, apparently independent sources, with math similar to New Americas, while there are also multiple sources quoting the US government version of reality. I share more of this in my Drone Dates time line of what happened when, and how we found out when. At the end of several years, I have aggregate totals for that year, provided by multiple sources, so we can see at a glance how the figures have greatly diverged, depending on the different places systems for maintaining a score card.
Who is Legitimate Target for Drone Killing? (3 Apr 06) !

Different sources have different ways of defining who is a militant, and who is an innocent civilian. According to Pro Publica,79 QUOTE The New York Times, citing "counter terrorism officials," reported that the U.S. classifies all military-age men in a drone strike zone to be militants, unless their innocence is proven after the attack. If that's true, it raises questions about U.S. government statistics on civilian casualties. UNQUOTE In many parts of the world, children are included in military age. There is no age which is not military age. Children can be kidnapped from playgrounds and turned into child soldiers.
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http://counterterrorism.newamerica.net/drones https://www.propublica.org/article/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-drones
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Another problem with definition of militant, according to the Long War Journal, Pakistan disagrees with USA which of the targets were trouble-making groups before they were attacked by US drones.80 Specifically, QUOTE The Pakistani government considers certain tribes to be good Taliban because they do not carry out attacks on the Pakistani state, even though they shelter al Queda and various other groups. UNQUOTE In Drone Notes, see Killing Scale chapter for more sources, and more statistics. In Drone Terms, see War Crimes for summary list of incidents with Drones, which have been labeled as such, with pointers to where to see detailed info on each.
Redefining Morality (3 Apr 06) !

In the past, one definition of terrorism included the Irish Republican Army (IRA) planting small bombs which led to fire ambulance rescue workers, then ambushed by larger bombs. We all thought this was terrible. But now the US is doing drone attacks, which then apparently do follow-up attacks on rescue workers, and funerals.81 Any moral high ground may now be gone. For many years, drones have been an arm of the US military and CIA in the war on terrorism abroad. But in the aftermath of Iraq and Afghanistan military draw downs, many thousands of drones are returning to the USA, seeking a new home, new missions. The FAA has authorized approx 1,400 institutions (and counting) around the USA to conduct drone operations over USA cities and other areas. For a number of reasons, many people do not trust law enforcement, and other institutions, to behave responsibly with evolving terminology, are anxious about what is coming. 82 Many people see many new laws as the sky is falling, because of the worst possible excesses of mission creep, expected by them. I am more concerned about partial mission creep, which eventually goes to court cases. Even when the courts rule on the side of the Bill of Rights, the mentality which had taken advantage of mission creep will continue to push to have legalized, whatever they lose in court cases. My research notes are a collection of links to help us navigate what is known about drone usage, and issues of concern to many people. I have mixed feelings about all this, try to divorce them from nailing down the facts, but it can be a struggle. Many of these links are rich in additional links and references. I have not thoroughly explored all of the articles I have found. I suggest people who are engaged in parallel research efforts like mine:
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http://www.longwarjournal.org/pakistan-strikes.php http://www.factoverfiction.com/article/7102 Fact over Fiction has retired, see News & Research. 82 http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2117543,00.html?xid=rss-mostpopular
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Down load personal copies of information, since what is on the Internet readily available today, could be gone in a few months, or gone from sites where we found good info. Figure out how you are going to backup this stuff, because accidents happen. Stay in touch, so we can access updates of what each other have found.
Activist Summary (3 Mar 20)

More info, of this kind, is in my general Drone Notes. Many organizations are listed here, which I have found out are involved in Drone Information. I intend to revisit their sites, to get more info, as time permits. Good starting points for seeing what info is available, includes: Advocacy for Principled Action in Government was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,83 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 84 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Alameda County Against Drones85 (ACAD) is a coalition opposing the use of law enforcement and corporate drones in USA skies. ACAD opposes the expanding surveillance state as a vehicle of repression against individuals, communities, and political movements. ACAD supports efforts to prohibit drone use in the US and abroad. ACAD stands in solidarity with the drone resistance movement, and welcomes support. o ACAD was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,86 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.87 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. o ACAD has a petition asking the local sheriff to not get drones. 88 o ACAD has proposed draft legislation for the local community. 89 o ACAD demands: No drones over Alameda County in California; End drone attacks abroad. o In addition to drone issues ACAD demands:
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http://epic.org/drones_petition/ http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 85 https://nomby.wordpress.com/ ACAD Email: nomby.drones@gmail.com Twitter: @nomby Facebook: Alameda County Against Drones (ACAD)
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http://epic.org/drones_petition/ http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 88 https://nomby.wordpress.com/petition/ 89 https://nomby.wordpress.com/legislation/
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Local police should stop the cooperation with ICE 90 which allegedly leads to improper deportations; Stop expansion of local jail, which has inhuman conditions; Stop enforcing unjust evictions.
American+ (3 Apr 06)

American Civil Liberties Union91 (ACLU) addresses drone attack policies, particularly justification for killing Americans, and drone legislative action in US states.92 o ACLU was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.93 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o ACLU also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,94 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.95 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. American Library Association96 (ALA) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 97 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o The ALA promotes intellectual freedom, privacy, is opposed to the government tracking the books and videos enjoyed by the citizenry, opposed to book censorship, and it supports efforts to amend the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA).98 American Policy Center99 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,100 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.101 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Arab American Institute102 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders, 103 which when the 100
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ICE = US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. http://www.aclu.org/blog/tag/drones
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https://www.aclu.org/blog/technology-and-liberty/status-domestic-drone-legislation-states
http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 94 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 95 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 96 http://www.ala.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Library_Association 97 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 98 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act 99 http://americanpolicy.org/ 100 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 101 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 102 http://www.aaiusa.org/ 103 http://epic.org/drones_petition/
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miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.104 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Bill of Rights Defense Committee105 (BORDC) has information on how the Patriot Act, and War on Terrorism, have allegedly allowed the US government to violate the constitution.106 o BORDC was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.107 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o BORDC also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,108 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.109 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Bureau of Investigative Journalism110 in London UK, covers drone strikes in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Somalis, Yemen.
Center+ (3 Apr 06)

Center for Democracy and Technology111 (CDT) proposed that drones have radio frequency identification license plates, to serve same function as numbers on tails of manned flight.112 o CDT also signed Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.113 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o CDT also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,114 which when the 100 miles inland constitutionfree-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.115 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info.
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http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map http://www.bordc.org/ http://www.constitutioncampaign.org/blog/ 106 http://www.bordc.org/resources/ 107 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 108 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 109 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 110 Bureau of Investigative Journalism, based in London Britain. http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drones/ http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drone-data/ http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2011/08/12/attacking-the-messenger-how-the-cia-tried-toundermine-drone-study/ 111 https://www.cdt.org/ https://www.cdt.org/search/node/drone 112 https://www.cdt.org/blogs/joseph-lorenzo-hall/0803license-plates-drones 113 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 114 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 115 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map
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Center for Digital Democracy116 (CDD) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 117 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Center for Financial Privacy and Human Rights118 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 119 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Center for Financial Privacy and Human Rights also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,120 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 121 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Center for National Security Studies122 (CNSS) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 123 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Center for the Study of Responsive Law124 (CSRL) is a Ralph Nader organization.125 o CSRLwas one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.126 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. CNN regarding US Drone attacks in Yemen127 Code Pink128 is a left wing women-initiated grassroots anti-war peace and social justice NGO working to end U.S. funded wars and occupations, to challenge militarism globally, and to redirect our resources into health care, education, green jobs and other life-affirming activities. They appear to be biased against Israel, when it comes to the Middle East conflicts.
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http://www.democraticmedia.org/ http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 118 http://financialprivacy.org/ = a web site hostile to senior eyes. As we grow older, we have trouble with print on dark backgrounds. Black on dark blue, for example, is virtually unreadable. 119 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 120 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 121 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 122 http://www.cnss.org/ 123 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 124 http://csrl.org/ 125 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Nader 126 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 127 http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/11/opinion/bergen-yemen-drone-war/index.html 128 http://www.codepink4peace.org/ http://codepink.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_Pink http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/05/24/the-uphill-fight-against-obamas-drones-an-interviewwith-code-pinks-medea-benjamin/
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Constitution+ (3 Mar 19)

Constitution Alliance129 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,130 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.131 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Constitution Project132 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.133 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Constitution Project also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,134 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.135 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Consortium News use their search to see a wealth of articles there about drones.136 Consumer Watchdog137 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.138 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Council of American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 139 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Cyber Privacy Project140 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.141 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Cyber Privacy Project also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,142 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.143 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info.
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http://constitutionalalliance.org/work/ http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 131 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 132 www.constitutionproject.org They figure out how America can both protect against crime and terrorism, properly managing implications of evolving technology capabilities, while at the same time not violate the privacy and civil liberties of the innocent general public. One of their study methods is via their Rule of Law Programs bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee. 133 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 134 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 135 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 136 http://consortiumnews.com/ 137 http://www.consumerwatchdog.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_Watchdog 138 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 139 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 140 http://www.cyberprivacyproject.org/ 141 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 142 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 143 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map
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Defending Dissent Foundation144 (DDF) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 145 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Use Search on their site, for their drone documents, and relevant newsletters. Demand Progress146 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.147 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Aaron Swartz was a member of their organization.
Drone+ (3 Mar 08)

Drone Journalism organization to help journalists who are serious about covering drone stories.148 Drone-List149 Drone Wars UK150 has a library of drone resources.151 Dronestagram152 maps reported incidents, using Instagram, summarizing what happened. Drones Watch153 associated with Code Pink.org.
Electronic+ (3 Mar 15)

Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)154 has got lots of info via FOIA, particularly from the FAA, about drones in USA, then from some of the organizations in FAA lists of those authorized to fly drones in USA. EFF was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.155 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o EFF also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,156 which when the 100 miles inland constitutionfree-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 157 o See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info.
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http://www.defendingdissent.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defending_Dissent_Foundation 145 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 146 http://demandprogress.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demand_Progress 147 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 148 http://www.dronejournalism.org/ 149 https://mailman.stanford.edu/mailman/listinfo/drone-list 150 Drone Wars UK see Drone Scribd Info. https://dronewarsuk.wordpress.com/ 151 https://dronewarsuk.wordpress.com/library-2/ 152 http://dronestagram.tumblr.com/ http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/14/tech/dronestagram/index.html 153 http://droneswatch.org/ 154 https://www.eff.org/search/site/Drone 155 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 156 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 157 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map
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o EFF is not a chapters organization, so EFF-Austin is an independent organization. EFF Austin158 also signed EPIC petition asking CBP for drone privacy rules,159 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.160 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. o EFF is not a chapters organization, so EFF-Austin is an independent organization. Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)161 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 162 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. FAA eventually went along with some of this request.163 o EPIC signed their own petition asking CBP to suspend drone operations,164 until they have privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,165 which if the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, 2/3 of US population is covered. 166 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Enough Project167 fighting genocide, and crimes against humanity. Essential Information was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.168 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info.
Fellow+ (3 April 04)

Fellowship for Reconciliation (FOR) o Here are some of their resources for educating people about drones, including links to other outfits: Educational Occucards on Drones169
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http://effaustin.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFF-Austin 159 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 160 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 161 https://epic.org/events/drones/resources.php https://epic.org/privacy/drones/ 162 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 163 https://faaco.faa.gov/index.cfm/announcement/view/13143 164 Petition: http://epic.org/drones_petition/ Short news blurb: http://epic.org/2013/03/epic-launches-petition-to-susp.html More info: https://epic.org/2013/02/epic-foia---us-drones-intercep.html 165 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 166 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 167 http://www.enoughproject.org/ 168 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 169 http://www.occucards.com/drone-attacks/ http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2011/08/10/most-complete http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2012/03/05-drones
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Our Compilation of Articles,170 Incluso artculos en Espaol See separate section on Articles. FOR UKs Convenient Killing report (PDF) Articles and Research on Drone Warfare, by the Bureau of Investigative Journalism171 ACLUs Page on Domestic Drones172 Olympia Fellowship of Reconciliation webpage on drones173 Know Drones FAQ (PDF) Drone Wars UK news and opinion blog o FOR participated in 2013 April protests, around the USA, against US drone strike policies.174 First Amendment Coalition175 Foundation for Fundamental Rights (FFR) is a Pakistan Non-Profit Legal Advocate for Drone Victims.176 Global Justice Clinic177 (GJC) (New York University School of Law) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.178 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. They are one of the publishers of Living Under Drones179 (in Pakistan). Government Accountability Project180 (GAP) has several drone related documents on their site, which can be found using their search.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/29/world/obamas-leadership-in-war-on-al http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/02/201222505924775127.html http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-j-astore/fighting-one-percent-wars http://www.salon.com/2012/05/30/how_extremism_is_normalized/singleton/ http://www.knowdrones.com/ http://droneswatch.org/ http://dronewarsuk.wordpress.com/ http://panys.org/WordPress/ http://upstatedroneaction.org/ 170 http://forusa.org/content/recommended-articles-drone-warfare 171 http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drones/ 172 http://www.aclu.org/blog/tag/domestic-drones 173 http://www.olympiafor.org/Drones.html 174 http://forusa.org/blogs/for/act-against-drones-military-spending/11970 175 http://firstamendmentcoalition.org/2013/02/spy-drones-emerging-from-cloak-of-secrecy/ 176 http://livingunderdrones.org/report-introduction/ INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CLINIC (STANFORD LAW SCHOOL) AND GLOBAL JUSTICE CLINIC (NYU SCHOOL OF LAW), LIVING UNDER DRONES: DEATH, INJURY, AND TRAUMA TO CIVILIANS FROM US DRONE PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN (September, 2012) 177 http://www.law.nyu.edu/academics/clinics/semester/globaljustice/index.htm http://www.law.nyu.edu/printall2/ecm_pro_064466?superheader=ECM_DLV_004743&parentURL=http:// www.law.nyu.edu//academics/clinics/semester/globaljustice/index.htm 178 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 179 http://livingunderdrones.org/about-the-clinics/ 180 http://www.whistleblower.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Accountability_Project
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o GAP also signed Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.181 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o GAP also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,182 which when the 100 miles inland constitutionfree-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 183 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Grand Mothers Against the War are a group based in NYC. o They participated in 2013 April protests against US drone strike policies.184
Human Rights+ (3 Apr 04)

HRF = Human Rights First www.humanrightsfirst.org HRW = Human Rights Watch, an NGO. o I have notes on their Nov 2012 report on autonomous killing machines, in my Drone Robots notes (weapons which decide who to kill, outside of human in the loop). IRAC = International Committee for Robot Arms Control[10
Just Foreign Policy
o They participate in public briefings about drone threats. 185 Know Drones186 travels to voter districts to educate the voters about drones, when their elected officials have had major votes on the topic. o They participated in 2013 April protests against US drone strike policies.187 Lawfare collection of drone readings,188 periodically updated. Liberty Coalition189 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.190 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Liberty Coalition also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,191 which when the 100 miles inland
181 182
http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 183 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 184 http://www.rferl.org/content/us-drone-attacks-grandmothers-protest/24947689.html

185 186
http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2013/04/03/politics/ellison-drone-ethics http://www.knowdrones.com/ http://www.wdtn.com/dpp/news/local/montgomery/know-drones-tour-lands-in-dayton 187 http://www.rferl.org/content/us-drone-attacks-grandmothers-protest/24947689.html 188 http://www.lawfareblog.com/2012/12/readings-autonomous-weapon-systems-and-their-regulation/ 189 http://www.libertycoalition.net/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Coalition 190 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 191 http://epic.org/drones_petition/
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constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.192 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Long War Journal (use their search for drones to see massive article collection)193 mainly focuses on drone strikes in Pakistan and Yemen Loss Of Privacy194 The Middle East Policy Council.195
Muck+ (3 Apr 06)

Muck Rock has been working with the EFF FOIA data from FAA, to do its own FOIA vs. each of the entities which got a drone license from FAA, to ask for details on what they are using drones for.196 Muslim Public Affairs Council was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.197 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Nachtpult198 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,199 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 200 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers201 (NACDL) was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,202 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered. 203 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info.
192 193
http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map http://www.longwarjournal.org/ http://www.longwarjournal.org/pakistan-strikes.php 194 http://www.lossofprivacy.com/index.php/2013/02/government-plans-expansion-of-domestic-drones/ 195 http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/drone-warfare-blowback-new-american-waywar?print 196 EFF = Electronic Freedom Foundation FAA = Federal Aviation Administration FOIA = Freedom of Information Act https://www.muckrock.com/drone-census/ https://www.muckrock.com/foi/list/user-DroneWatch/ = List of places in USA found to have drones, then been issued a FOIA request seeking info on what they are being used for, info they should have already shared with FAA, so it should not be a big deal to make a copy. 197 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 198 European site: http://www.nachtpult.de/ 199 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 200 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 201 http://www.nacdl.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_of_Criminal_Defense_Lawyers 202 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 203 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map
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National Immigration Project204 at the National Lawyers Guild was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.205 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Network for Stopping Drone Spying and Warfare (NSDSW) o They participated in 2013 April protests, around the USA, against US drone strike policies.206 New America Foundation207 mainly focuses on drone strikes in Pakistan No Drones Network o Organizations around the USA participating in 2013 April protests against US drone strike policies.208 Occupy Drone Warfare209 OneAmerica210 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.211 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info.
Pakistan+ (3 Apr 04)

Pakistani Body Count212 tracks both drone attacks (by USA), and suicide bomb attacks, both of which allegedly target a hell of a lot of innocent civilians. Pakistan Human Rights Commission213 Patient Privacy Rights214 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.215 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Patient Privacy Rights also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,216 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.217 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Peace Action New York State218
204 205
http://www.nationalimmigrationproject.org/ http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 206 http://forusa.org/blogs/for/act-against-drones-military-spending/11970 207 http://counterterrorism.newamerica.net/drones 208 http://forusa.org/blogs/for/act-against-drones-military-spending/11970 209 https://www.facebook.com/OccupyDroneWarfare 210 http://weareoneamerica.org/ not to be confused with .com insurance company of same name. http://www.weareoneamerica.org/blog/jun-10/immigration-news-roundup-0 211 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 212 http://pakistanbodycount.org/drn.php http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2010/05/pak-site-drones-only-killed-one-terrorist-in-2010-if-you-dontcount-taliban/ 213 http://www.deathandtaxesmag.com/184803/the-un-would-like-the-white-house-to-please-explain-allthe-drone-killings/ 214 http://patientprivacyrights.org/ 215 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 216 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 217 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 218 http://panys.org/WordPress/
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o They participated in 2013 April protests against US drone military practices. Principled Action in Government was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.219 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Privacy Activism220 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.221 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Privacy Activism also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,222 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.223 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Privacy Camp was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.224 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Privacy Journal225 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,226 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.227 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Privacy Rights Clearinghouse228 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.229 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. They are best known, by me, for their time line of computer data breaches.230 Pro Publica231 o Drone Math, asserted by US officials, which is not internally consistent.232
Reprieve+ (3 Apr 05)

Reprieve,233 based in Britain, promotes the rule of law around the world.
219 220
http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb http://www.privacyactivism.org/ 221 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 222 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 223 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 224 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 225 http://www.privacyjournal.net/ 226 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 227 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 228 https://www.privacyrights.org/ 229 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 230 https://www.privacyrights.org/data-breach 231 https://www.propublica.org/article/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-drones 232 https://www.propublica.org/special/how-obama-drone-death-claims-stack-up#1 233 http://reprieve.org.uk/
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Rights Working Group234 (RWS) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.235 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. The Rutherford Institute (TRI)236 is a civil liberties organization, which is active in issues of Free Speech; Privacy; Religious Freedom; School Children; and more. o TRI has been pushing for model drone legislation in US states, and at the federal level. Secure Arkansas237 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,238 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.239 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Stop Real ID Coalition240 was one of 24+ org signing EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders, 241 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.242 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. TakeBackWashington.org243 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.244 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. o Take Back Washington also signed EPIC petition to CBP asking for privacy rules for drones patrolling US borders,245 which when the 100 miles inland constitution-free-zone rule is included, means 2/3 of US population is covered.246 See Drone Dates March 2013 for more info. Tenth Amendment Center247 o Here is a map of where US states are considering drone nullification legislation, color coded:248 Blue: Introduced. Yellow: Passed one or more houses.
234 235 236
http://www.rightsworkinggroup.org/ http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb
https://www.rutherford.org/publications_resources/on_the_front_lines/rutherford_institute_weighs_in_duri ng_faa_drone_privacy_forum_insists_that 237 http://arkansas.securetherepublic.com/ 238 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 239 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 240 http://stoprealidcoalition.com/4742/ 241 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 242 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 243 http://www.takebackwashington.org/ 244 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 245 http://epic.org/drones_petition/ 246 http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 247 http://blog.tenthamendmentcenter.com/2013/03/action-alert-illinois-anti-drone-bill-coming-up-for-statesenate-vote/ The Tenth Amendment was intended to confirm the understanding of the people at the time the Constitution was adopted, that powers not granted to the United States were reserved to the States or to the people. It added nothing to the instrument as originally ratified. 248 http://tracking.tenthamendmentcenter.com/drones/
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Drone Education about Controversies Green: Passed both houses. Red: Passed as Law. Purple: Failed Vote or Stalled in Committee
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Twitter+ (3 Apr 04)

Twitter:249 o @drones collects op-eds and news on drones.250 (Run by members of Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), which has been outspoken about privacy concerns in the use of domestic drones, also covers national security. o https://twitter.com/dronestream o @natlsecuritycnn has breaking news. o @Dangerroom from Wired covers national security and technology, including a lot on drones. o @lawfareblog covers the drone wars legal dimensions. o @gregorydjohnsen is a Yemen expert, closely following the war there. o @AfPakChannel from the New America Foundation and Foreign Policy tweets news and commentary on Afghanistan and Pakistan. UN Human Rights Council accepts complaints regarding alleged War Crimes.251 Upstate Drone Action252 of New York state. o They participated in 2013 April protests against US drone military. U.S. Bill of Rights Foundation253 (USBOR) was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics. 254 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info. Washington Post tally of drone strikes in Pakistan, Yemen, and Somalia.255 World Privacy Forum256 was one of 32 org with Feb 2012 petition to FAA regarding privacy, civil liberties, and related topics.257 See Drone Dates Feb 24, 2012 for more info.
249 250
https://www.propublica.org/article/everything-we-know-so-far-about-drone-strikes https://twitter.com/drones 251 Reprieve, Complaint Against the United States of America for the Killing of Innocent Citizens of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the United Nations Human Rights Council, http://reprieve.org.uk/media/downloads/2012_02_22_PUB_drones_UN_HRC_complaint.pdf?utm_source= Press+mailing+list&utm_campaign=89f3db0a752012_02_23_drones_UN_complaint&utm_medium=email. 252 http://upstatedroneaction.org/ 253 http://www.usbor.org/ 254 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb 255 http://apps.washingtonpost.com/foreign/drones/# 256 http://www.worldprivacyforum.org/ 257 http://www.scribd.com/doc/129406133/Drone-privacy-and-civil-liberties-Petition-2012-Feb
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Articles FOR recommends (3 Apr 04)

Educational Articles on Drones, where initial list compiled by FOR = Fellowship of Reconciliation,258 but I may add to this list.
Living Under Drones: Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan. International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic at Stanford Law School and Global Justice Clinic at NYU School of Law, 2012 Out of Sight, Out of Mind, A visualization of drone strikes in Pakistan since 2004 Articles and Research on Drone War by The Bureau of Investigative Journalism Olympia Fellowship of Reconciliation webpage on drones. Review of the book Drone Warfare: Killing by Remote Control by Medea Benjamin Torture and Obamas Drone Program. The New Yorker, February 15, 2013 Drones in Pakistan Traumatise Civilians, US report says BBS News 25 September 2012 More Evidence shows underreporting of civilian drone vicims in Pakistan Muftah, 23 August 2012 Cut to pieces: the Palestinian family drinking tea in their courtyard: Israeli unmanned aerial vehiclesthe dreaded dronescaused at least 48 deaths in Gaza during the 23-day offensive. Guardian, August 11 2012 Afghan village flee their homes, blame US drones as targeted killings of militants rise, Washinton Post, March 28, 2013 CNN Interview: Drone Strikes Radicalise Pakistani Tribes, Says Sherry. The Express Tribune. 23 July 2012. Pakistan: Drone Strikes Are Violations Of Sovereignty. The Huffington Post. 04 June 2012 Pentagon Seeks More Afghan Surveillance Drones in Shift. Bloomberg. 23 July 2012. Major Review By Pakistan Calls for End To Drone Hits. NY Times. 21 Mar 2012. Pentagon says U.S. citizens with Terorrism Ties can be Targeted in Strickes. NY times. 22 Feb 2012 Over 160 children reported among drone deaths . The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. August 11 2011 Drone On. Q&A: A former Pakistani diplomat says Americas most useful weapon is hurting the cause in his country. Newsweek July 8 2009 Targeted Killings and Double Standards. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 23 July 2012
Drone Warfare Stateside (3 Apr 04)
Drone Pilots Found to Get Stress Disorders Much as Those in Combat Do . New York Times, February 22, 2013
258
See them alphabetically in the activist directory.
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Dreams in Infrared: The Woes of an American Drone Operator. Der Speigel, December 14, 2012
Drones in Latin America (3 Apr 04)
Just the Facts on Drones in Latin America
Domestic and Military Drones and the Law (3 Apr 04)
Due Process Rights and the Targeted Killing of Suspected Terrorists: The Unconstitutional Scope of Executive Killing Power. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law Vol. 44:1353 (n.d.): 1353-384. Web Drone Strikes Threaten 50 Years of International Law, Says UN Rapporteur. The Guardian. 23 July 2012 US: Targeted Killing Policy Disregards Human Rights Law | Human Rights Watch. 23 July 2012. A Measure of Change; Secret Kill List Proves a Test Of Obamas Principles and Will. NY times, 29 May 2012 American Civil Liberty Unions Page on Domestic Drones Current Laws May Offer Little Shield Against Drones, Senators Are Told, New York Times, March 20, 2013 Rise of Drones in U.S. Drives Efforts to Limit Police Use New York Times, February 15, 2013
Al Mac Research split (3 Apr 05)

My drone documents are named with a version #, which I increment as I replace with re-writes. In parentheses after each chapter heading is date in format (Year Month Day) when I last updated the contents of that chapter. People with an earlier edition can see what has been updated since they last got a copy. Some chapter headings end in an exclamation point. These indicate either identification of a controversy, and-or links to what the facts may be. Some chapter headings have a number # sign at the end. These indicate chapters with specifics on counts of people killed. Other symbols may be added later. This helps correlation of conflicting info sources, in my further research. Formerly, all my notes on Drones were in one document, which was growing excessively large. I have now split them into the following:
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Drone Dates = Time Line Calendar of Dates of What Happened in Drone usage
History, and When we found out, thanks to publication of Key documents. 259 This info was originally in Drone Notes, then split off to its own document, where it grew lots more. Then Drone Iran split off from Drone Dates and Drone Nations. Drone Ed = Guidance and introductory materials on navigating the vast volume of data available on drone controversies, so as to rapidly get up to speed on the whole area. This was split off from Drone Reports.
Drone Iran = Listing of incidents between Iran and other nations (mainly USA)
where drones involved. There are other areas of conflict, belonging in other research docs, which I am currently not having the time to follow closely. This info originally split off from Drone Dates and Drone Nations, which had split off from Drone Notes.
Drone Issues = A summary of what the controversial problems appear to be, reasons
we need to figure out what is happening, then participate in the political debate over what should be happening. Some of the things people believe about drones, they may be mistaken, those concerns belong in the directory, and need to be investigated, clarified, will eventually be in my other drone documents. Towards the end of this document, I list what I consider to be extremely serious issues, found out in my drone studies so far, which no one seems to be adequately addressing. This info was originally part of Drone Notes, then split off to separate document, and grew in leaps and bounds.
Drone Log = Al Mac tracking overall collection of Al Mac Drone documents,

primarily for personal convenience this info will be least interesting part of the collection, for other people.
Drone Nations = A list of nations where drones are operating, being manufactured,
purchased, hacked, crashing, being used by military, not necessarily of same nation. With each nation listed, I have footnotes with links to examples of how drones are being used in that nation, the sophistication of the drones, and more info. This info was originally part of Drone Notes, then split off, grew in leaps and bounds. In time, it may get split to focus on military vs. civilian applications, manufacturing & export. Then Drone Iran split off from Drone Dates and Drone Nations. We see many articles claiming drones are in 40 or 50 nations. The last relevant GAO report, which I saw on this, says that 50 nations are manufacturing drones, with over 900 different models total, and many of them exporting to other nations in the world. The truth is maybe twice as many nations. Drone Nations is a directory of nations and non-nations with drones, with multiple links cited on what drones are being used for there, and my effort to correlate mismatches
259
Drone Reports is a directory of major sources of info, which I have located so far, downloaded some.
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between different sources. See that document for details on the count which is constantly growing.
Drone Notes = my main overall document, which later may be split again.
Here you can find: o Links to where I get this info, including official sources; 260 o Hundreds of USA locations, where drones are in use; o Legal complications; Political Complications; o Statistics on numbers of innocent bystanders killed, and numbers of enemy targets; o Technology advances, changing nature of Drone Capabilities; o Other topics.
Originally there was just the one document = Drone Notes, then over time I split off the others, either from Drone Notes, or later split some of the others, and occasionally launched a brand new doc.
Drone Reports = A directory of relevant downloads located, where, info about them,
read so far, where my notes ended up, from that digesting. This started as a piece of Drone Notes, then was split off. Later, Drone Ed was split from Drone Reports.
Drone Robots = Serious Implications of development of killer drones which can

operate without human in the loop. Many people are quoted in the media in denial that they exist, labeling this as science fiction, so in addition to laying out the implications, I also provide citations about where this technology has been going. When this topic came to my attention, I already had multiple split offs from Drone Notes, so I decided to launch this as a separate focus area.
Drone Scribd = I created a Drone Info collection on Scribd, which lists many
educational, interesting, and stimulating Scribd articles and documents on Drones. 261 Then I started reviewing them. Where I found, what seemed to me to be errors of fact, distortions, or incomplete pictures, I cite sources to complete the story, to help authors, of the other efforts, address gaps in their presentations. So in addition to my summary observations on many Scribd info sources about Drones, I also try to provide a road map to other sources I have found, relevant to the picture(s) painted by these Scribd reports. Also see Drone Notes, which contained this same kind of research material, before I started the Drone Scribd focus.
Drone Terms = Glossary of Terminology, Acronyms, Concepts etc. which have come
up in my drone research. I have also encountered some parallel tales of alleged official misconduct, which have led to some non-drone content.
260 261
Now just footnote citations, since directory of sources has moved to Drone Reports. http://www.scribd.com/collections/3807680/Drone-Info at http://www.scribd.com/AlMac99
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By end of Sep 2012, it had grown to 750 acronyms, terms, and concepts defined, relevant to my Drone research so far. By end of 2012, it had grown to over 1,000 acronyms, terms, and concepts defined, relevant to Drone research, and related National Security topics, so far. This info was one of the first to get split from Drone Notes. For more details, see Al Mac Shared Research section, at end of Drone Notes document, and what is in Drone Log.
Drone Research Sharing Sites (3 Apr 05)

I need to find another place to share uploads of my research notes, due to: Linked In took away Box Net flexibility Frequent failures at Scribd Occasional failures with Google Drive Doc Many places on the Internet, we must register with the site, to access info there, but some people are nervous about personal info which must sometimes be divulged to do so. In theory, with Google Drive Documents, where I have collection = Drone Info, with my Drone Dates + Ed + Iran + Issues + Log + Nations + Notes + Reports + Robots + Scribd + Terms,262 all you need is the url in my footnote link, to get at my Drone Info263 Google collection, which also includes many official documents from government and other sources. If you are on Scribd, here you can locate what I have uploaded there so far.264 It includes a spectrum of research into many different topics, not just on Drones. I need additional locations, since the above sometimes break down. I have had additional places in the past, which have gone away. My goal is to not have all my eggs in one fragile basket. I have a growing collection of documents on drones downloaded from a multitude of official sources. I have not uploaded all the same ones to all the above collections, for various reasons. For some the copy-right permission to re-share them is murky. Some I have not yet studied, may adjust their naming after doing so, to make the content clearer.
262 263
https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B9euafJH4b-ZLWR0bmZLS3d5OVk/edit Google Drive Document Collection = Drone Info: https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B9euafJH4b-ZLWR0bmZLS3d5OVk/edit I also have a Google Drive Doc Collection = Disaster Avoidance, where I look into what the heck happened to cause various disasters, various proposals to be better prepared for better response, in many cases I do not yet have all the answers I desire. https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B9euafJH4bZMTA0YTM0YzktNTI0YS00NjVhLTg5NTItY2RiZjhiM2MzODkw/edit 264 http://www.scribd.com/AlMac99
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The Author of this research, Alister Wm Macintyre, welcomes other people to download copies of Als work, but warns that different cited sources have different attribution and copyright restrictions, so care should be followed downstream, in selecting where to reuse the material.
Contacting author (2 July 10)

When searching for me: Alister William Macintyre = my full name (Wm for middle initials) Al Macintyre = name I have used during most of my career Macwheel99 = e-mail handle (Mac-Wheel is a play on Surname) Macwheel98 = a few places where they messed up my access as Macwheel99, so I opened new account with this count down. AL MAC = sign-on name work place computers AlMac99 = user-id when joining places where function of user-id unclear to new users Here is how to get a hold of me via various social media. https://plus.google.com/u/0/108007903544513887227/about http://www.linkedin.com/in/almacintyre also on Facebook (may be leaving FB) http://emergencysociety.com/ http://haitirewired.wired.com/profile/AlisterWmMacintyre http://rebuildhaitibetter.ning.com/profile/AlisterWmMacintyre Haiti Research shared with / posted at http://www.haiti.prizm.org/ and http://groups.yahoo.com/group/HaitiDisasterRecoveryResearch/
Al Mac other shared research (3 Apr 05)

Heres what youll find if you visit my: Google Docs Disaster Collection;265 Haiti Prizm Document Collection;266 Linked In Box Net Shared Documents;267 and/or Scribd268 Research. Note that I increment version # and-or as-of date, to designate new editions of my notes. These are life projects, where I feel the need to be much better informed behind the headlines. A lot of my research focus interests were disrupted by a hard disk crash in April 2012, followed by the discovery of many problems when converting PDF back to Docs I can edit.269 So for some areas, of continuing interest, I may start new documents, with pointers to the prior editions.
265
https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B9euafJH4bZMTA0YTM0YzktNTI0YS00NjVhLTg5NTItY2RiZjhiM2MzODkw/edit 266 http://www.haiti.prizm.org/ 267 You have to be connected to me on Linked In. http://www.linkedin.com/in/almacintyre 268 http://www.scribd.com/ 269 Lose footnote numbering, lose page dimensions, lose headings, lose basis of table of contents.
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Some of the documents originated with other people. Hopefully it will become obvious to you, once you have seen one with my style, how to tell when a document is by someone else. Natural Phenomena compounded by inadequate mitigation, in general, such as Haiti & Japan, and the quality of disaster recovery efforts. 1 Year UN in Haiti, and 1 year review other organizations Acronyms Glossary to various disasters Aid Navigation Guide to Haiti Earthquake Science Lessons from Disasters Map Sources Nuclear Glossary Nuclear Time Line Radiation Basics Weather Science Barriers to Haiti Recovery Cholera FAQ Glossary Housing Haiti Human Housing Rights Land Own Haiti Rubble Debris Haiti T-Shelters Haiti World Conflicts: Drones Iran Time Line Peaceful transition around the World Arab Spring Egypt Notes US Domestic issues: Aurora Colorado Child Sex Abuse Scandals Economy Indiana Fairgrounds Mass Shootings School Safety Sikh Temple Other Related Topics Cruise Line Oops Game Design (time Travel)
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How To various technologies FF = Fire Fox GP = Google Plus270 LI = Linked In Copied references: Accountability Audits Contact Directories Earthquake Science Ukraine Economy Japan impact from the disaster EU Economy Food Prices and the Fed Forced Evictions in Haiti Legal Appeals Investment guidance when economy is in the toilet Police UK Protect our Security On-Line Three Mile Island (what happened, and how come)
Drone Keywords (3 Apr 05)

If and when I post my Drone docs to Scribd, or similar site, it will be appropriate to list some keywords, or key phrases, which reflect major themes and contents of these efforts: ACLU, CBP, DHS, DoD, EFF, FAA, Drones, Military, Police, Privacy, Secrecy, Security, Surveillance, Unmanned Air,
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My HOW TO has not kept current with the many G+ upgrades and enhancements, but the links, in my notes, can take you to many valid and useful tips.
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Revision History (3 Apr 05)

Here is additional aid for people revisiting my notes. Where has there been the most significant growth, in addition to the hints implied by chapter headings with date in parentheses, showing when I last added anything to a chapter, such as an additional citation? Note that I also periodically move some chapters from one split area to another, to help improve overall organization, as some sub-topics become more important. 2013 Apr-5 split Drone Ed from Drone Reports. o Drone Ed to focus on starting places for Drone Controversies Education, while Drone Reports to continue to be a directory of detail drone info. 2012 Oct-9 split Drone Dates from Drone Notes. o This is time line calendar of what allegedly happened when, how we found out, thanks to key publications, when they came out. 2012 Oct-9 split Drone Reports from Drone Notes. o Drone Reports = Reference Directory tracking source documents. o V 4.5 Issues started with: 15 pages, 88 footnotes, 230k Doc, 158k PDF o V 4.5 listed: 54 documents referenced, plus my 6 splits, so far. 6 suggested key education 41 drone downloads 7 Scribd mentioned 5 National Security 1 More o Since then, I am up to over 200 documents identified, where they can be found, how I have used them in my research.
2012 Sep-30 Nations o 85 nations & regions identified as having drones operating. GAO was not counting nations where they being attacked by drones, but not yet have their own, which can change rapidly as we have seen with Iran taking down a US drone, reverse engineering it, then exporting the technology. GAO also not counting nations, used as bases for other nations military drones, where sometimes they crash. o Over time, I increased list of nations documented as having drones used there, for what purposes, to over 100. o
76 nations known to GAO I reconciled this.
2012 Sep-6 I split Drone Scribd separate from Drone Notes. o I had started a Drone Info collection on Scribd, intended to review individual docs there, correlate the value of their information. So far I have only done analysis of international implications of killing people with drones, without providing any public proof that they were guilty of any crime. 2012 Sept-3 I split Drone Terms separate from Drone Notes.
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o My collection of terminology, acronyms, concepts, etc. has since grown to over 1,000 definitions. 2012 May, I started this research. o Prior to the start of this document, many friends had shared random links, to disturbing stories about drone trends, via social media. This became an effort to put the many links and contexts into a more coherent package.
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1

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Research Introduction (3 Apr 06)

Synopsis Introduction (3 Apr 05)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Doc Structure (3 Apr 06)

a date signifying when that info last updated, so by viewing table of

Version numbers are incremented, with this document periodically uploaded

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Credits (3 Feb 18)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Education (3 Apr 05)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Kill List Management (3 Apr 05)

Drone News sources (3 Apr 06)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Maps and Charts (3 Apr 06) # !

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Common Misconceptions (3 Apr 05)

Science Fiction memories (3 Apr 06)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Conflicting Stories (2 July 17) !

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Death Ratios (3 Apr 06) #

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Who is Legitimate Target for Drone Killing? (3 Apr 06) !

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Redefining Morality (3 Apr 06) !

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Activist Summary (3 Mar 20)

http://epic.org/drones_petition/ http://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights-constitution-free-zone-map 88 https://nomby.wordpress.com/petition/ 89 https://nomby.wordpress.com/legislation/

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

American+ (3 Apr 06)

ICE = US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. http://www.aclu.org/blog/tag/drones

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Center+ (3 Apr 06)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies

Constitution+ (3 Mar 19)

Drone Ed in Drone Info folder collection

Drone Education about Controversies