Waste Water Treatment Municipal Waste Water treatment System 1. 2. 3. 4.

Pretreatment Operations Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment Advanced Treatment

Primary sedimentation basin Remove of light organic suspended solids from the sewage by gravity

C. Secondary treatment Remove soluble BOD that escapes primary treatment and to provide further removed

A. Pretreatment Operations - Provide protection to the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) Devises and structures: 1. 2. Bar Racks Remove large objects. Trash racks or mechanically cleaned racks. Grit Chambers Removed dense materials such as sand, broken glass, salt, and pebbles. - Velocity controlled - Aerated Grit Chambers 3. Comminutors - Macerates waste water solids (rags, papers, plastics, etc.) 4. Equalization Basin - Damper variations of wastewater flow or velocity so that waste water can be treated at a nearby constant flow rate. - Improve performance of (WWTP). - Reduce size and cost of the treatment units.

of suspended solids

APPROACHES:

1. Activated sludge Biological wastewater treatment technique in which a mixture of waste water and biologic sludge is agitated and aerated. - known as suspended growth process

2. Trickling filters - is consist of bed of coarse materials such as stones, slats or plastics materials (media), cover waste water is applied - known as attached growth process

3. Oxidation Ponds Classified into: B. Primary Treatment - Remove pollutants from wastewater that will either settle or float. - Remove 60 of suspended solids and 35% of BOD5 Aerobic ponds Facultative ponds Anaerobic ponds Tertiary Ponds Aerated Lagoons

4. Rotating Biological contactors (RBCs) - consist of series of closely spaced disk mounted on a horizontal shaft and rotated while about half of their surface area is emerged in the waste water.

3. Phosphorus Removal - Requires reaction basin and settling tank to remove precipitates. - uses ferric iron and aluminum - phosphorus are removed to prevent or reduced eutrophication.

DISINFECTION - Addition of chlorine gas or other chlorine forms. Advance wastewater treatment - remove nitrogen, phosphorus, soluble COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and heavy metals from wastewater. Includes: 1. Filtration a) granular filtration remove residual suspended solids including unsettled microorganisms b) Membrane filtration microfiltration process, removes 75% to 90% of BOD and 95%-98% of total suspended solids. 2. Carbon Adsorption - Removing refractory organic detected as soluble COD.

4. Nitrogen Control - Removal of nitrogen by biological or chemical process to control algal growth - Nitrification/Denitrification biological process - Ammonia stripping chemical process