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Tr na ng

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For other uses, see Tr na ng (disambiguation).

Tr na ng

Irish mythology location

Type

Otherworld

Notable characters

Oisn, Niamh

Tr na ng (*ti n n +; Old Irish: Tr inna n-c "Land of the Young")[1] is widely known as an Otherworlds in Irish mythology and in the story of Oisn. Oisn was one of the few mortals who lived in the land of Tr na ng and was said to have been brought there by Niamh of the Golden Hair (Niamh Chinn ir). It was where the Tuatha D Danann settled when they left Ireland's surface, and was visited by some of Ireland's greatest heroes. Tr na ng is similar to other mythical Irish lands such as Mag Mell and Ablach.

Tr na ng was considered a place beyond the edges of the map, located on an island far to the west. It could be reached by either an arduous voyage or an invitation from one of its fairy residents. The isle was visited by various Irish heroes and monks in the echtrae (Adventure) and immram (Voyage) tales popular during the Middle Ages. Contrary to popular assumption, Tr na ng was not an

afterlife for deceased heroes, but instead, a type of earthly paradise populated by supernatural beings, which a few sailors and adventurers were fortunate enough to happen upon during their journeys. This otherworld was a place where sickness and death did not exist. It was a place of eternal youth and beauty. Here, music, strength, life, and all pleasurable pursuits came together in a single place. Here happiness lasted forever; no one wanted for food or drink. It is roughly similar to the Greek Elysium, or the Valhalla of the Norse, though with notable, distinct and important differences.

Tr na ng plays a major role in the tale of Oisn and Niamh.[2] To get to Tr na ng an adventurer needed a guide; in Oisn's case, Niamh plays the role. They travel together on a magical horse, able to gallop on water, to the Blessed Realm, and the hero spends some time there. Eventually homesickness sets in and Oisn wants to return to his native land. He is devastated to learn three hundred years have passed in Ireland since he has been with Niamh, though it seems to him only one year. He goes home on Niamh's magical horse, but she warns him that if he lets his feet touch the ground, he will be barred from Tr na ng forever; however, the truth is that the weight of all those years would descend upon him in a moment, and he would wither with age and die. While Oisn is searching for his family, the Fianna, he helps three hundred men move a stone by lifting and throwing it in one hand and in the process falls from the horse and ages in an instant. It is suggested that Oisn fell from his horse in the area of Elphin, County Roscommon.

Contents [hide] 1 Similar tales 2 See also 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External links

[edit] Similar tales

This story of Oisn and Niamh bears a striking similarity to many other tales, including the Japanese tale f Urashima Tar, th ugh h w the tales may have travelled is unkn wn.*3+ Francis Hindes Groome recorded another such tale in his Gypsy Folk Tales.[4] Another version concerns King Herla, a legendary king of the ancient Britons, who visited to the Otherworld, only to return some two hundred years later after the lands had been settled by the Anglo-Saxons. The "Seven Sleepers of Ephesus", a group of Christian youths who hid inside a cave outside the city of Ephesus around 250 AD, purportedly awoke approximately 180 years later during the reign of Theodosius II.

[edit] See also Fortunate Isles Oisn Tir Na Nog (video game)

[edit] References

1.^ James MacKillop (1998). A dictionary of Celtic mythology Oxford University Press. 2.^ T.A. Rolleston (1990). Celtic Myths and Legends Courier Dover Publications. 3.^ Shah, Idries (1991). World tales : the extraordinary coincidence of stories told in all times, in all places. London: Octagon. p. 359. ISBN 978-0863040368. 4.^ http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/roma/gft/gft074.htm

[edit] Further reading W. B. Yeats, Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry

[edit] External links Tir na nOg Poetry Community

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Heart Sutra (Skt. prajpramit hdaya; Tib. , Wyl. shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa'i snying po), aka The Twenty-Five Verses on the Perfection of Wisdom the most popular sutra of the prajaparamita collection and indeed of the mahayana as a whole. Although the sutra primarily consists of a dialogue between Shariputra and the great bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, their words are inspired by the blessings of the Buddha, who remains absorbed in samadhi meditation until the end of the discussion. As with all the prajaparamita sutras, the teaching took place at Vulture's Peak near Rajagriha.

It was first translated into Tibetan by Vimalamitra and Rinchen D. The translation was later revised by Gew Lodr, Namkha and others.

Contents [hide] 1 Related to the Five Paths 2 Mantra 3 Dokpa 4 Commentaries 4.1 Indian 4.2 Tibetan 4.3 English

5 Translations 6 Famous Quotations 7 Notes 8 Teachings on the Heart Sutra Given to the Rigpa Sangha 9 Further Reading 10 Internal Links 11 External Links

Related to the Five Paths

In the various commentaries, there are different explanations as to how the sutra can be related to the five paths.

Mantra

The sutra includes the mantra tadyatha m gate gate paragate parasamgate b dhi svaha (tadyath o gate gate pragate prasagate b dhi svh). Atisha explained that the mantra encapsulates the entire teaching of the Heart Sutra for the benefit of those of the sharpest faculties.[1]

Dokpa

The Heart Sutra is often recited together with a supplemental section for dokpa, the practice of averting harm and negativity. The text of the dokpa section refers to an incident recounted in the Perfection of Wisdom Sutra in Eight Thousand Lines and Perfection of Wisdom Sutra in Eighteen Thousand Lines, when the god Indra turned away Mara and his forces, who were approaching the Buddha, by contemplating and reciting the Prajnaparamita.[2]

Commentaries

Indian Atisha, Janamitra, Prajpramithdayavykhy ('phags pa shes rab kyi pha r l tu phyin pa'i snying p 'i rnam par bshad pa) Kamalashila, Mahajana, Prajpramithdrthaparijna (shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa'i snying po'i don yongs su shes pa)

Prashastrasena, Prajpramithdayak ('phags pa shes rab kyi pha r l tu phyin pa'i snying p rgya cher 'grel pa) Shri Singha, Vajrapani, Prajpramithdrthapradpa (bc m ldan 'das ma shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa'i snying po'i 'grel pa don gyi sgron ma) Vimalamitra, Prajpramithdayak ('phags pa shes rab kyi pha r l tu phyin pa'i snying p rgya cher bshad pa)

Tibetan Gungthang Tenp Drnm, shes rab snying po'i sngags kyi rnam bshad sbas don gsal ba sgron me Jamyang Gaw Lodr Ngawang Tendar, Light of the Jewel (shes rab snying po'i 'grel pa don gsal nor bu'i 'od) Taranatha, Word Commentary (Tib. , sher snying gi tshig 'grel) , sher snying gi tshig 'grel English Chgyam Trungpa, Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism, (Boulder & London: Shambhala, 1973) chapter 'Shunyata', pages 187-206. Dalai Lama, Essence of the Heart Sutra (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2002), includes a commentary by Jamyang Gaw Lodr (1429-1503). Garchen Rinpoche, Oral Commentaries on the Heart Sutra in Relation to Shamatha and Vipassana Meditation And Seven Point Mind Training, San Francisco 2001 (San Francisco, Ratna Shri Sangha). Rabten, Geshe, Echoes of Voidness (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1983) Sonam Rinchen, Geshe, The Heart Sutra, translated and edited by Ruth Sonam (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2003) Thich Nhat Hanh, The Heart of Understanding: Commentaries on the Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1988, 2009)

Translations Edward Conze, The Short Prajnaparamita Texts, London: Luzac & Co, 1973

Famous Quotations

Form is emptiness; emptiness also is form. Emptiness is no other than form, Form is no other than emptiness.

kyamuni, Heart Stra

Notes 1. L pez (1996), p.170 2. L pez (1996) pp.223-4

Teachings on the Heart Sutra Given to the Rigpa Sangha Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, Rigpa London, 19 October 1991 Sogyal Rinpoche, Lerab Ling, April-May 1998 Dzogchen Rinpoche, Lerab Ling, July 1998 Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche, using a commentary by Taranatha, Lerab Ling, 8-10 June 2010 Sogyal Rinpoche, Haileybury, UK, 25 April 2011

Further Reading

C nze, Edward. The Prajpramit Literature (1960) Eckel, Malcolm David, "Indian Commentaries on the Heart Sutra: The Politics of Interpretation" in Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, vol. 10, no. 2 (1987), pp. 69-79. Lopez, Donald S. The Heart Sutra Explained: Indian and Tibetan Commentaries, Abany: SUNY, 1988 Lopez, Donald S. "Inscribing the Bodhisattva's Speech: On the "Heart Sutra's" Mantra" in History of Religions, Vol. 29, No. 4. (May, 1990), pp. 351-372 L pez, D nald S. Elab rati ns n Emptiness: Uses f the Heart Stra. Princet n University Press, 1996 Silk, J nathan. The Heart Stra in Tibetan: A Critical Editi n f the Tw Recensi ns C ntained in the Kanjur, Arbeitskreis fr Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universitt Wien (Vienna 1994).

Internal Links Eleven son scriptures

External Links Heart Sutra 'Dance Mix' by Gary Dyson The Heart Sutra in Tibetan performed by Jigme Khyentse Rinpoche. Produced by Gary Dyson