clc; clear; close all; %%%% Input Signal %%%% % Input is a stream of binary digits of integers 0-15 dec=[0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1]; dl=length(dec);

%%%% Serial To Parallel and 2-to-4 Level Converter %%%% sp=[]; o1=[]; o2=[]; clear i; for i=1:4:64; sp=[dec(1,i:i+3)]; % Serial to Parallel 4-bit Register I=sp(1,1); % Separation of I and Q bits Id=sp(1,2); Q=sp(1,3); Qd=sp(1,4); if I==0 % Assigning Amplitude levels for I-channel if Id==0 o1=[o1 -3]; % if input is 00, output is -3 else o1=[o1 -1]; % if input is 01, output is -1 end else if Id==0 o1=[o1 1]; % if input is 10, output is 1 else o1=[o1 3]; % if input is 11, output is 3 end end if Q==0 % Assigning Amplitude levels for Q-channel if Qd==0 o2=[o2 -3]; % if input is 00, output is -3 else o2=[o2 -1]; % if input is 01, output is -1 end else if Qd==0 o2=[o2 1]; % if input is 10, output is 1 else o2=[o2 3]; % if input is 11, output is 3 end end clear sp, clear I, clear Id, clear Q, clear Qd; end

%%%% Oscillator and Balanced Modulator %%%% fc=500; % Carrier Frequency fs=20000; % Sampling Frequency t=1:100; % Duration of Signal s=[]; clear i; for i=1:1:16; % Modulation (multiplication with carrier signals cos a nd sin) Ac=o1(i); As=o2(i); s1=Ac*cos(2*pi*(fc/fs)*t); s2=As*sin(2*pi*(fc/fs)*t); s=[s (s1+s2)]; end %%%% AWGN Addition While Passing Through The Channel %%%% r=awgn(s,10); % Transmitted Signal passes through AWGN Channel figure(2) % Received Signal SNR is 10 db plot(r) % received signal is denoted by 'r' title('Transmitted Signal With Additive Noise After Passing Through The Chan nel','FontSize',14);

%%%% COHERENT DEMODULATION %%%% ss1=[]; ss2=[]; rs1=2*cos(2*pi*(fc/fs)*t); % Sin and Cos generation by Local Oscillator rs2=2*sin(2*pi*(fc/fs)*t); clear i; for i=1:100:1600; % Demodulation of Received Signal ss1=[ss1 rs1.*r(1,i:i+99)]; % for I-channel ss2=[ss2 rs2.*r(1,i:i+99)]; % for Q-channel end

%%%% Low-Pass Filtering %%%% wn=2*(fc/fs); % Cut-off Frequency is 500Hz [b1,a1]=butter(1,wn,'low'); % ButterWorth filter of Order 1 [b2,a2]=butter(1,wn,'low'); fo1=filter(b1,a1,ss1); % Filtering fo2=filter(b2,a2,ss2); figure(3); plot(fo1,'linewidth',1.5) title('I-Channel After Passing Through Low Pass ButterWorth Filter of Order 2','FontSize',14); figure(4); plot(fo2,'linewidth',1.5) title('Q-Channel After Passing Through Low Pass ButterWorth Filter of Order 2','FontSize',14);

%%%% Thresholding and Phase Detection %%%% ro1=[]; ro2=[];

clear i; for i=1:100:1600; % Calculating Average values over an interval of 100 bits for I-channel ff1=fo1(1,i:i+99); l1=length(ff1); sum1=sum(ff1); av1=sum1/l1; ro1=[ro1 av1]; end clear i; for i=1:100:1600; % Calculating Average values over an interval of 100 bits for Q-channel ff2=fo2(1,i:i+99); l2=length(ff2); sum2=sum(ff2); av2=sum2/l2; ro2=[ro2 av2]; end

%%%% Amplitude Detection and Generation of Demodulated Data %%%% oo1=round(ro1); oo2=round(ro2); op=[]; clear i; % Re-assigning bits with respect to amplitude levels for i=1:16; % Demodulation by Amplitude Detection if oo1(i)==-3; op=[op 0 0]; % if amplitude of I-channel is -3, output is 00 if oo2(i)==-3; op=[op 0 0]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is -3 output is 00 else if oo2(i)==-1; op=[op 0 1]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is -1 output is 0 1 else if oo2(i)==1; op=[op 1 0]; s 10 else op=[op 1 1]; is 11 end end end else if oo1(i)==-1; % if amplitude of I-channel is -1, output is 01 op=[op 0 1]; if oo2(i)==-3; op=[op 0 0]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is -3 output is 00 else if oo2(i)==-1; op=[op 0 1]; put is 01 else if oo2(i)==1; op=[op 1 0]; put is 10 else % if amplitude of Q-channel is 1 out % if amplitude of Q-channel is -1 out % if amplitude of Q-channel is 3 output % if amplitude of Q-channel is 1 output i

op=[op 1 1]; put is 11 end end end else if oo1(i)==1; op=[op 1 0]; 10 if oo2(i)==-3; op=[op 0 0]; s 00

% if amplitude of Q-channel is 3 out

% if amplitude of I-channel is 1, output is % if amplitude of Q-channel is -3 output i

else if oo2(i)==-1; op=[op 0 1]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is -1 outpu t is 01 else if oo2(i)==1; op=[op 1 0]; 1 output is 10 else op=[op 1 1]; tput is 11 end end end else op=[op 1 1]; is 11 if oo2(i)==-3; op=[op 0 0]; is 00 else if oo2(i)==-1; op=[op 0 1]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is -1 output is 01 else if oo2(i)==1; op=[op 1 0]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is 1 output is 10 else op=[op 1 1]; % if amplitude of Q-channel is 3 output is 11 end end end end end end end figure(5); subplot(2,1,1); plot(dec,'linewidth',2) title('Input Data Stream','FontSize',14); Xlim([0 65]) Ylim([-0.5 1.5]) subplot(2,1,2); plot(op,'linewidth',2) title('Demodulated Output Data (Same As Input)','FontSize',14); Ylim([-0.5 1.5]) Xlim([0 65]) % if amplitude of Q-channel is -3 output % if amplitude of I-channel is 3, output % if amplitude of Q-channel is 3 ou % if amplitude of Q-channel is

%%%% Generation of Constellation Diagram For Transmitted Data and Received D ata%%%% xo1=o1; yo2=o2; xoo1=ro1; yoo2=ro2; figure(6); plot(xo1,yo2,'hk','linewidth',4); % plot of original symbols hold on plot(xoo1,yoo2,'Or','linewidth',4); % plot of received symbols legend('= Transmitted Data','= Received Data'); x=line([-5 5],[-2 -2],'linewidth',4); % Horizontal Lines on Constellatio n Diagram text(-1.9,3.7,'x=-2','FontSize',14) x1=line([-5 5],[0 0],'linewidth',4); text(0.1,3.7,'x=0','FontSize',14) x2=line([-5 5],[2 2],'linewidth',4); text(2.1,3.7,'x=2','FontSize',14) y=line([-2 -2],[-15 15],'linewidth',4); % Vertical Lines on Constellation Diagram text(-3.9,-1.8,'y=-2','FontSize',14) y1=line([0 0],[-15 15],'linewidth',4); text(-3.9,0.2,'y=0','FontSize',14) y2=line([2 2],[-15 15],'linewidth',4); text(-3.9,2.2,'y=2','FontSize',14) title('Constellation Diagram for Transmitted and Received Data','FontSize',1 4); Xlim([-4 4]) Ylim([-4 4])