Electromechanical Motion Devices, Second Edition by Paul Krause, Oleg Wasynczuk and Steven Pekarek Copyright 2012 Institute

e of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Appendix A ABBREVIATIONS, CONSTANTS, CONVERSIONS, AND IDENTITIES

477

480 480 Term alternating current ampere ampere-turn coulomb direct current electromotive force foot gauss gram henry hertz horsepower inch joule kilogram kilovar kilovolt kilovoltampere kilowatt magnetomotive force maxwell megawatt meter microfarad millihenry newton newton meter oersted pound poundal power factor pulse-width modulation radian revolution per minute root mean square second Voltampere reactive volt Voltampere
watt
weber

APPENDIX A

Abbreviation ac A At C dc emf ft G g H Hz hp in J kg kvar kV kVA kW mmf Mx MW m fiF mH N N-m Oe lb pdl pf PWM rad r/min (rpm) rms s var V VA W Wb

ABBREVIATIONS, CONSTANTS, CONVERSIONS, AND IDENTITIES

479

Constants and Conversion Factors permeability of free space permittivity of free space acceleration of gravity length mass force torque energy power moment of inertia magnetic flux magnetic flux density magnetizing force Trigonometric Identities 1-1) 1-2) 1-3) 1-4) 1-5) 1-6) 1-7) 1-8) 1-9) e^a = cos a + j sin a acosrr + bsinx = \/a2 + b2 cos(x + 0) cos2 x + sin2 x = 1 sin 2x 2 sin x cos x cos 2x = cos2 x sin2 x 2 cos2 x 1 = 1 2 sin2 x cos x cos y = \ cos(:r + y) + \ cos(x y) sinx sin y | cos(x y) | cos(:r + y) sin x cos y \ sin(x + y) + \ sin(x y) cos(x y) cos x cos y =f sin x sin y < > / = tan_1(b/a) /i 0 =
4TT

x 10" 7 Wb/A m

e0 = 8.854 x 10" 12 C 2 /N m2 g = 9.807 m/s 2 1 m = 3.218 ft - 39.37 in 1 kg = 0.0685 slug = 2.205 lb (mass) 1 N = 0.225 lb = 3.6 oz 1 N m - 0.738 lb ft 1 J (W s) = 0.738 lb ft 1 W = 1.341 x 10~3 hp 1 kg m2 - 0.738 slug ft2 = 23.7 lb ft2 1 Wb = 108 Mx (lines) 1 Wb/m 2 - 10,000 G = 64.5 klines/in 2 1 At/m = 0.0254 At/in = 0.0126 Oe

1-10) sin(x y) sin x cos y cos x sin y

480 (1-11) cos2 x + cos2(x - 7r) + cos2(x H- 7r) = (1-12) sin2 x + sin2(x - |TT) + sin2(x + |TT) = |

APPENDIX A

(1-13) sinx cosx + sin(x |7r) COS(X |7r) + sin(x + |7r) COS(X + | ) = 0 (1-14) cosx + cos(x |7r) + cos(x + |7r) = 0 (1-15) sin x + sin(x |7r) + sin(x + |7r) = 0 (1-16) sin x cos y + sin(x |7r) cos(y 7r) + sin(x + |7r) cos(y + |7r) - | sin(x - y) (1-17) sinx sin y + sin(x |7r) sin(y |7r) + sin(x + |7r) sin(y + |7r) = | cos(x y) (1-18) cos x sin y + cos(x |7r) sin(y |7r) + cos(x + |7r) sin(y + |7r)

= -fsin(x-y)
(1-19) COS X COS 7 / + COs(x |7r) COs(y 7r) + COs(x + |7r) COs(y + |7r)

= | cos(x y) (1-20) sin x cos y + sin(x + |7r) cos(y |7r) + sin(x |7r) cos(y + 7r) = | sin(x + y) (1-21) sin xsiny + sin(x + |7r) sin(y |7r) + sin(x |7r) sin(y + 7r) = -cos(x + y) (1-22) cos x sin y + cos(x + |7r) sin(y |7r) + cos(x |7r) sin(y + |7r) = | sin(x + y) (1-23) cosx cosy + cos(x + |7r) cos(y |7r) + cos(x |7r) cos(y + |7r) = | cos(x + y)