INTRODUCTION

A low cost PC based data logging system is designed to measure and record the temperature using two different temperature sensors i.e a thermistor and a LM35 IC temperature sensor ,the recorded data is then used to compare the response of the sensors. By designing an interfacing circuit using ADC 0808, the measured temperature in the analog form is first converted into digital (TTL level voltages) and feed to the PCs Parallel Port. A C program is written to monitor and control the data acquisition system and also allows the data to save into a file into .txt format. In general, the measurement of signal(s) requires using a transducer, a device that can convert one form of energy or signal into another form. Such a signal is generally analog, and is to be digitized using ADC. Then the digital data can be feed to the PC through the parallel ports. Then the data so sent can be received by the PC and can display graphically and stored into a file into the hard disk for future analysis.

COMPONENTS LIST

S No.
1.

Name
ADC 0808

Quantity
1

Comments
8 channel analog to digital converter 10k Thermister IC temperature sensor Dual op-amp Hex inverter Schimtt trigger Voltage regulator

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

THERMISTER LM35 LM358 IC7404 IC7414 IC7805 DB-25 male Connector TRANSFOMER RESISTORS CAPACITORS BRIDGE RECTIFIER

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5

9V 150ohm,4.5k,10k,100k 16v-1000uf,.01uf,1uf

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COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
1. THERMISTOR: The word thermistor is derived from its description thermal sensitive resistor . Thermistors are passive semiconductors, which produce resistance values dependent on temperature. There are two types of thermistor used namely positive temperature coefficient(PTC) and negative temperature coefficient(NTC). NTC thermistors exhibit two characteristics, which make them extremely useful in a variety of applications. Their change in resistance is predictable and it is relatively large per degree change in temperature.

Key Specifications
Small size with ease of handling High accuracy tolerance to 0.10C Operating ranges from -50C to 150C

LM35: The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of 14C at room temperature and 34C over a full 55 to +150C temperature range.

Features:
Calibrated directly in Celsius (Centigrade) Linear + 10.0 mV/C scale factor 0.5C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25C) Rated for full 55 to +150C range Suitable for remote applications Operates from 4 to 30 volts Less than 60 A current drain

ADC 0808 : It is monolithic CMOS device with an 8 bit analog to digital convertor, 8-channel multiplexer and microprocessor compatible control logic. The 8-bit A/D converter uses successive approximation as the conversion technique.

Key Specifications
Resolution 8 Bits Total Unadjusted Error LSB and 1 LSB Single Supply 5 VDC Low Power 15 mW Conversion Time 100 s(at 640 khz)

PIN Diagram:

Fig. 1

74LS04 :- Hex inverter

This device contains six independent not gates.

PIN Diagram:

Fig.2

74LS14 :- Hex inverter(with Schmitt trigger input)

This device contains six independent gates each of which performs the logic INVERT function. Each input has hysteresis which increases the noise immunity and transforms a slowly changing input signal to a fast changing, jitter free output.

PIN Diagram:

Fig.3

Parallel port: Parallel port is a simple and inexpensive tool for building computer controlled devices and projects. The simplicity and ease of programming makes parallel port popular in electronics hobbyist world. The primary use of parallel port is to connect printers to computer and is specifically designed for this purpose, Thus it is often called as printer Port. The lines in DB25 connector are divided in to three groups, they are as: 1) Data lines (data bus) 2) Control lines 3) Status lines

Fig.4

SCHEMATIC:-

POWER SUPPLY:-

230V,50Hz AC is step down to 9V using a step down transformer then rectified using a full wave rectifier and then using a capacitor and a voltage rectifier IC 7805 finaly converted to 5V DC . Thermistor is used in a voltage divider network as shown in the fig
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PCB LAYOUT:-

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BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

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WORKING: Initially temperature sensors are exposed to the a change in the resistance is found and consequently change in voltage. Output of thermistor is given to first input pin of ADC through a voltage follower and output of LM35 is given to second input pin of ADC through an opamp of gain 10. ADC converts the analog signals to digital signals , which is given to the pc through parallel port In pc we have already written c language program for this system and when we run the program ,we get the output of both sensors on computer screen. These results is in voltage form which can be converted in to temperature with the help of data sheets of both sensors.

1. SOFTWARE DTAILS:
We have done the coding of in c language as fallows:
#include<dos.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<fstream.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { float adc1,adc2; ofstream fp1; outportb(0x37A,0x0B); /*send the address of 1st sensor and make start bit logic 0 */ outportb(0x37A,0x0A); /*make ALE logic 1 */ outportb(0x37A,0x2B); /*set the data port to be bidirectional and start conversion */ while(0x40==(inportb(0x379)&&0x40)); /*wait for EOC to be logic 0*/ while(0x00==(inportb(0x379)&&0x40)); /*wait for EOC to be logic 1*/ adc1=inportb(0x378); /*read the data port*/
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outportb(0x37A,0x08); /*send the address of 2nd sensor and make ALE logic 1 */ outportb(0x37A,0x29); /*set the data port to be bidirectional and start conversion */ while(0x40==(inportb(0x379)&&0x40)); /*wait for EOC to be logic 0*/ while(0x00==(inportb(0x379)&&0x40)); /*wait for EOC to be logic 1*/ adc2=inportb(0x378); /*read the data port*/

fp1.open("c:/data.txt"); /*create a text file*/ fp1<<adc1<<endl; /*save sensor 1 data to file*/ fp1<<adc2; /*save sensor 2 data to file*/ }

FLOW CHART FOR WORKING OF PROGRAM

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2. Conclusion, Result & Scope of Further work

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CONCLUSION:With the help of this project we can analyze and study the characteristics of different temperature sensors.

RESULT:We have got various readings of both sensors and by analyzing them we got the required result.

SCOPE OF FURTHER WORK: It is good for beginners Have better scope for future due to easy interfacing of devices

3. REFERENCE
www.datasheets.com
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 www.national.com www.fairchildsemi.com

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